Prevalence of subclinical infectious agents in a blood donor population tested on every donation     

B. Correia  A. Magalhães  L. Rocha  I. Cardoso  R. R. F. Ferreira  I. Mesa-Sanchez 《The Journal of small animal practice》2024,65(3):176-180

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Title: priority areas for genetic conservation of Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish in Brazil     

de Pádua  Joelma Aparecida Rabelo  Rocha  Lucas Fernandes  Brandão  Murilo Malveira  de Almeida Vieira  Fábio  de Carvalho  Dulcinéia 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(6):2483-2494

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Eremanthus erythropappus (DC.) MacLeish, commonly known as candeia, is a threatened tree species that occurs in Seasonal Semideciduous Forests in Brazil. The...  相似文献   

Inhibitory action of Cerrado plants against mammalian and insect α-amylases     

Everton M. Silva  Arnubio Valencia  Maria Ftima Grossi-de-S  Thales L. Rocha  rika Freire  Jos E. de Paula  Laila S. Espindola 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2009,95(3):141-146

A total of 185 hexanic, dichloromethanic, ethanolic and hydroethanolic extracts from 24 species of Cerrado plants, were tested against Zabrotes subfasciatus, Acanthoscelides obtectus, and human saliva α-amylases. Twelve crude extracts presented inhibition rates greater than 80% against digestive α-amylases of the insect pest Z. subfasciatus, at a concentration of 1 mg mL⁻¹. These extracts were also tested against A. obtectus and human saliva α-amylases to verify their affinity and specificity of action. The hydroethanolic Kielmeyera coriacea stem bark extract presented a strong inhibitory potential, with IC₅₀ values of 110 μg mL⁻¹ for Z. subfasciatus and 272.12 μg mL⁻¹ for A. obtectus, in addition to a 97.09% reduction in enzyme activity of human saliva α-amylases at 125 μg mL⁻¹. The hexanic Aspidosperma macrocarpon root wood extract totally inhibited the activity of Z. subfasciatus α-amylases, reduced the enzyme activity of A. obtectus by 14.69% at 1 mg mL⁻¹, but did not alter the activity of human saliva α-amylases, thus characterizing greater inhibition affinity and specificity. The results suggest that the application of plant extracts against insect α-amylases represent a promising biotechnological tool for development of new insect pest control strategies, with noticeable affinity and specificity of action against different target enzymes.  相似文献   

Bioactivity of extracts and isolated compounds from Vitex polygama (Verbenaceae) and Siphoneugena densiflora (Myrtaceae) against Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)     

Gallo MB  Rocha WC  da Cunha US  Diogo FA  da Silva FC  Vieira PC  Vendramim JD  Fernandes JB  da Silva MF  Batista-Pereira LG 《Pest management science》2006,62(11):1072-1081

The effects of crude extracts, fractions and isolated compounds from Vitex polygama Cham. and Siphoneugena densiflora Berg were evaluated on the development of Spodoptera frugiperda JE Smith, a destructive insect pest of corn and several other crops. The extracts and fractions were incorporated into an artificial diet at 1 mg g(-1) and offered to the insect during its larval stage. Length and viability of larval and pupal stages as well as pupal weight were assessed. Isolated compounds were tested through superficial contamination of the diet at 0.1 mg g(-1). Weight and viability of ten-day-old larvae were determined. Methanolic and hydroalcoholic S. densiflora extracts caused 100% larval mortality, while leaf and fruit hydroalcoholic extracts from V. polygama were the most active. Among the isolated compounds, flavonoids presented the best insecticidal results, and tannins the best larval growth inhibition.  相似文献   

Seroprevalence and risk factors for Neospora caninum in sheep in the state Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil     

da Silva Andrade G  Bruhn FR  Rocha CM  Guimarães Ade S  Gouveia AM  Guimarães AM 《Veterinary parasitology》2012,188(1-2):168-171

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with infection due to Neospora caninum in serum samples from 488 sheep originating from 63 farms in 63 municipalities distributed across eight of the twelve mesoregions of the state Minas Gerais, southeastern Brazil. For detection of N. caninum the sheep serum samples were subjected to the indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT ≥ 50). To identify the risk factors associated with infection due to N. caninum a questionnaire was filled out for each herd by interviewing, the individual responsible for the herd, demanding information on the general characteristics of the property. Sixty-four sheep sera (13.1%; 95% CI=10.3-16.4) presented IgG-specific anti-N. caninum antibodies with the following titers: 50 (49; 76.6%), 100 (7; 10.9%), 200 (4; 6.2%), 400 (3; 4.7%) and 800 (1; 1.6%). The prevalence of infected sheep per mesoregion ranged from 0 to 28.1%. Out of the 63 farms sampled, 31 (49.2%; 95% CI=36.4-62.1) presented at least one seropositive sheep. No significant association was found between the presence of anti-N. caninum antibodies and the risk factors evaluated on the farms, except for the mesoregion variable (p=0.004; OR=0.429; CI95%=0.182-1.008). These results indicate that there is a need for additional research to define the epidemiological importance of this parasite as a cause of reproductive problems in sheep herds in Minas Gerais.  相似文献   

Statistical associations between restriction fragment length polymorphisms and quantitative traits in beef cattle.   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

J L Rocha  J F Baker  J E Womack  J O Sanders  J F Taylor 《Journal of animal science》1992,70(11):3360-3370

Data on 41 traits from 677 animals produced in a five-breed diallel were matched with genotypes for five marker-loci provided by restriction fragment length polymorphisms to detect quantitative effects associated with the markers, following three different designs based on inbred lines, half-sib families, and on assumptions of the markers being quantitative trait loci (QTL). Three growth hormone-TaqI alleles, B, C, and D, in high frequencies in this sample of the Brahman breed, were associated with decreases in birth weight, as a maternal trait (P < .01), and decreases in shoulder width at birth (P < .05). Among F2 Angus-Brahman and Brahman-Hereford cows, homozygotes for the B, C, or D alleles gave birth to calves 4.0 kg lighter than cows homozygous for the A allele, an effect that amounts to the magnitude of the corresponding breed difference in the diallel, and represents one phenotypic SD. A putative cytoplasmic effect seems to interact (P = .02) with this effect on maternal birth weight. Also, at birth, F2 calves homozygous for the B, C, or D alleles were .8 cm narrower at the shoulders than those homozygous for the A allele, after adjusting for birth weight. Significant associations (P < .05) between the parathyroid hormone-MspI marker and measures of body size were detected, as well as an effect on weaning weight (P = .03) as a maternal trait, whose magnitude (17.5 kg) equals the Brahman vs Angus and Hereford breed difference, as quantified in the diallel, and represents .8 of a phenotypic SD. No significant associations were found for three other marker-loci (prolactin-MspI, osteonectin-EcoRI, and keratin VI-MspI). Restriction fragment length polymorphisms have the potential to provide new insights and useful applications to animal breeding, but, as in this work, small sample sizes, extreme susceptibility to Type I errors, and different types of possible confounding obfuscate the conclusions that can be drawn from studies of limited scope and less than ideal planning.  相似文献   

A nontoxic derivative of Bothrops jararaca venom suitable to generate antibodies against the native venom.     

O A Rocha  A F Bicalho  J N Silveira  E S Lopes  I F Heneine 《DTW. Deutsche tier?rztliche Wochenschrift》1992,99(4):143-145

Bothrops jararaca venom was toxoided by stepwise iodination with cold iodine, and doses up to 30 LD50 were non-lethal by i.p. route (BICALHO et al., 1990). Groups of mice injected chronically with the native, or the iodinated venom, have been subjected to histological examination. In the native group, in the spleen, around the white pulp, an acellular, amorphous eosinophilic substance, metachromatic to Methyl Violet, PAS positive, and dichroic to Congo Red under polarized light, was present. Strong congestion in the liver, kidneys and lungs was found. The salivary glands were replenished with an amorphous substance in the serosal acini. The groups injected with the iodinated venom only show discrete alterations, more akin to the control group. The anavenin was immunogenic. Antibody generation in mice and rabbits was detected by ELISA. In mice, active protection against challenge with native venom was presented. The iodinated venom generated a rabbit antiserum with strong lines in gel immunoprecipitation against the lethal venom. A minimum neutralization titer of 2.3 mg ml-1 against the native venom was attained in the first cycle (28 days) of immunization. After 3 cycles (100 days), the protection rose to 5.1 mg ml-1.  相似文献   

Inclusion of licuri meal in the diet of pasture dairy cows     

Costa  Evely Giovanna Leite  da Silva  Fabiano Ferreira  Silva  Robério Rodrigues  Porto  Antonio Ferraz  Santiago  Bismarck Moreira  Rocha  Leone Campos  Cruz  Aline Gonçalves  Guedes  Anna Caroline Ferreira  Neto  Teotônio Martins  Vieira  Edvaldo Alves 《Tropical animal health and production》2019,51(8):2505-2511

Tropical Animal Health and Production - The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of increasing levels of licuri meal as a substitute for soybean bran in the diet of pasture-based...  相似文献   

Medetomidine–ketamine–sevoflurane anaesthesia in juvenile Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) undergoing experimental surgery     

Paolo Monticelli  Hayley L. Ronaldson  John R. Hutchinson  Andrew R. Cuff  Dario d’Ovidio  Chiara Adami 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2019,46(1):84-89

Objective

To describe the anaesthetic, physiological and side effects of intramuscular (IM) medetomidine and ketamine, followed by inhalational anaesthesia with sevoflurane, in Nile crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus).

Study design

Observational trial.

Animals

Ten juvenile captive-bred Nile crocodiles undergoing surgical implantation of skeletal beads and muscular electrodes.

Methods

During preanaesthetic examination, the following variables were assessed: heart (HR) and respiratory (f_R) rates, and response to palpebral, corneal and toe- and tail-pinch withdrawal reflexes. The crocodiles were injected IM with an initial combination of medetomidine and ketamine and re-evaluated at 5 minute intervals for 20 minutes, or until they appeared unresponsive. If that did not occur, the drugs were redosed according to a decision tree based on the observed effects. The righting, biting and palatal valve reflexes were assessed in the unresponsive crocodiles, and used to confirm anaesthetic induction. Anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane in oxygen. At the end of surgery, medetomidine was antagonized with IM atipamezole.

Results

The decision tree identified 0.3 mg kg^?1 medetomidine and 15 mg kg^?1 ketamine as a useful drug combination, which resulted in anaesthetic induction and surgical anaesthesia 16 ± 8 and 16 (25–20) minutes after injection, respectively. Compared to baseline, HR and f_R significantly decreased after anaesthetic induction (p < 0.001), but then remained stable throughout surgery. Intraoperatively, cloacal temperature [27 (26–30) °C] did not change over time (p = 0.48). The total dose of atipamezole was 2 (1–3) mg kg^?1 and time to recovery was 36 (20–60) minutes. Perioperative complications were not observed.

Conclusions

and clinical relevance Medetomidine and ketamine, injected IM and followed by sevoflurane anaesthesia, may be regarded as a useful anaesthetic technique for juvenile Nile crocodiles undergoing minimally invasive experimental surgery.  相似文献   

Use of Liposomal Gentamicin for Treatment of 5 Foals with Experimentally Induced Rhodococcus equi Pneumonia          下载免费PDF全文

N.D. Cohen  S. Giguère  A.J. Burton  J.N. Rocha  L.J. Berghaus  C.N. Brake  A.I. Bordin  M.C. Coleman 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2016,30(1):322-325

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