Variation and phylogeny of the ribosomal DNA unit types and 5 S DNA inPetunia Jussieu     

Asmâa Kabbaj  Fatiha Zeboudj  Didier Peltier  Abderrahmane Tagmount  Michel Tersac  Hubert Dulieu  André Bervillé 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1995,42(4):311-325

Summary Seven wildPetunia species including 2n = 18 species (P. parviflora Jussieu,P. linearis Hook.) and those with 2n = 14 (P. parodii Steene,P. axillaris Lam.,P. integrifolia Hook.,P. inflata R.E. Fries,P. violacea Lindl.) and tenPetunia hybrida horticultural lines were compared for polymorphisms in rDNA genes using the four restriction enzymesEcoRI,BamHI,HindIII andXhoI. All the unit types found in the lines pre-existed in the wild forms. There are two different sizes of either 11.45 or 11.6 kb./The 2n = 18 species are closely related to the 2n = 14 species, thus making thePetunia genus homogeneous. Moreover, it is likely thatP. hybrida lines originated in several kinds of crosses between these species. We constructed a dendrogram for all the 15 rDNA unit types found. Two main branches of the tree result from the presence or the absence ofHindIII sites. The main branch is divided according to variability at theEcoRI andBamHI sites. Taking into account the existence of several loci which carry one unit type only, we consider whether or not exchanges might occur between loci. Lines carrying two unit types and lines carrying three unit types support such a hypothesis.XhoI andBamHI fragments enable us to distinguish two types of 5S DNA corresponding to 2n = 18 and 2n = 14 species, respectively.P. hybrida lines and each 2n = 14 wild species carry one of the types only, that corresponds to one 5S DNA locus. The most parsimonious phylogenetic trees whatever the species chosen as the outgroup, do not fit with our knowledge ofPetunia and with taxonomy. This is likely because only few loci formed the basis of these phylogenetic constructions.  相似文献   

Effects of tree canopy composition on earthworms and other macro-invertebrates in beech forests of Upper Normandy (France): The 7th international symposium on earthworm ecology · Cardiff · Wales · 2002     

Michaël Aubert  Mickaël Hedde  Thibaud Decaëns  Fabrice Bureau  Pierre Margerie  Didier Alard 《Pedobiologia》2003,47(5-6):904-912

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Granulomatous mural folliculitis in a dog treated with ciclosporin and methotrexate     

Pauline Panzuti  Marion Mosca  Didier Pin 《Veterinary dermatology》2020,31(2):170-e35

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Long‐term successful treatment of a donkey with cutaneous lupus erythematous with methotrexate     

Marion Mosca  Pia Randleff‐Rasmussen  Nadge Milhau  Pauline Panzuti  Myriam Meylan  Isabelle Desjardin  Didier Pin 《Veterinary dermatology》2020,31(4):313-e78

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is a rare immune‐mediated dermatitis. To the best of the authors’ knowledge it has not been described in donkeys. A 5‐year‐old male neutered donkey, living in south‐east France, was diagnosed with CLE. Clinical signs included generalized symmetrical areas of alopecia, erythema, crusting and scales. Diagnostic tests included examination of skin biopsy samples by histopathological and immunohistochemical analysis which demonstrated an interface dermatitis with CD8+ T cells. The skin condition was successfully treated initially with glucocorticoids and methotrexate; successful long‐term maintenance was associated with administration of methotrexate.  相似文献   

The termiticidal activity of Sextonia rubra (Mez) van der Werff (Lauraceae) extract and its active constituent rubrynolide     

Rodrigues AM  Amusant N  Beauchêne J  Eparvier V  Leménager N  Baudassé C  Espindola LS  Stien D 《Pest management science》2011,67(11):1420-1423

BACKGROUND: Termites are degradation agents that inflict severe damage on wood. Some long‐lasting Amazonian trees can resist these insects by producing toxic secondary metabolites. These metabolites could potentially replace synthetic termiticidal products which are becoming more restricted to use. RESULTS: Sextonia rubra is resistant to termite‐induced degradation. It has been demonstrated that this species naturally produces an ethyl‐acetate‐soluble termiticidal metabolite, rubrynolide, to protect its wood. Assays in the presence of tropical and invasive termites established that both rubrynolide and crude ethyl acetate extract from S. rubra wood can be used as a treatment for the protection of sensitive woods against termites. CONCLUSION: Rubrynolide and S. rubra extract are promising candidates for the replacement of synthetic termiticides. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Identification, characterization and expression analysis of hepcidin gene in sheep     

Peres R. Badial  Jos P. Oliveira Filho  Paulo Henrique J. Cunha  Didier Q. Cagnini  Joo P. Araújo Jr  Nena J. Winand  Alexandre S. Borges 《Research in veterinary science》2011,90(3):443-450

Hepcidin is part of the innate immune system, and it plays a central role in the regulation of iron homeostasis. This peptide has been previously characterized in man, non-human primates, rat, mouse, dog, swine, cattle, horse, fishes, reptiles and birds but until now not in sheep. The aim of this study was to sequence, characterize and perform hepcidin expression analysis in different tissues collected from healthy sheep. The resulting open reading frame consisted of 249 bp predicted to encode an 82 aa peptide with a putative 23 aa signal peptide, a 34 aa pro-region and the 25 aa mature hepcidin. The deduced sequence of the sheep hepcidin precursor was most homologous to Bos taurus and Bubalus bubalis. Hepcidin was predominantly expressed in liver, although high expression was present in abomasum and lower level expression occurred in other tissues. These findings extend our comparative knowledge showing the relationship of sheep hepcidin to other mammalian hepcidins and will be helpful for additional studies on iron metabolism and inflammatory processes in sheep.  相似文献   

Laparoscopic-assisted colopexy and sterilization in male dogs: short-term results and physiologic consequences     

Mathon DH  Palierne S  Meynaud-Collard P  Layssol-Lamour C  Dulaurent-Ferrieres A  Colson A  Lacroix M  Bousquet-Melou A  Delverdier M  Autefage A 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2011,40(4):500-508

Objective: To describe laparoscopic‐assisted colopexy and sterilization, and evaluate outcome and effects in healthy male dogs. Study Design: Experimental study. Animals: Male Beagle dogs (n=7). Methods: A laparoscopic‐assisted, extracorporeally sutured colopexy, and sterilization by ligation and section of the testicular vessels and ductus deferens were evaluated 11 weeks after surgery. Ex vivo tensile tests were performed on the colopexy sites and loss of testicular function was assessed by monitoring serum testosterone, and by ultrasonographic and histologic examinations of the testes. Systemic inflammation and potential iatrogenic colonic functional disorders were investigated by monitoring serum C‐reactive protein (CRP) in the perioperative period and from a sulfapyridine (SP) kinetic profile obtained before and 10 weeks after surgery. Results: No intraoperative complications were recorded and clinical outcome was considered fair in all dogs. A mean tensile force of 42 N was required to disrupt colopexies. No relevant postoperative increase in CRP concentrations or changes in SP kinetics were observed. Testicular function was lost. Conclusions: Laparoscopic‐assisted colopexy achieved adhesion of the colon to the abdominal wall and testicular endocrine function and spermatogenesis were eliminated by laparoscopic castration.  相似文献   

Endoscope‐Assisted Thoracolumbar Lateral Corpectomy     

Claude Carozzo DVM  PhD  Diplomate ECVS  Pierre Maitre DVM  Jean‐Pierre Genevois DVM  PhD  Pierre‐Alexandre Gabanou DVM  Didier Fau DVM  PhD  Eric Viguier DVM  PhD  Diplomate ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2011,40(6):738-742

Objective: To report an endoscope‐assisted lateral approach to expose the intervertebral foramen and disk and perform lateral corpectomy of thoracolumbar disks in dogs. Study Design: Cadaver study. Animals: Fresh canine cadavers (n=6). Methods: A thoracic (T10–T11) and a lumbar (L3–L4) lateral approach were made on 6 fresh canine mixed breed cadavers. Through a limited skin incision, musculature was dissected and retracted using a neurosurgical self‐retaining retractor and lateral corpectomy performed. The approach and bone removal, both performed under endoscopic control, were assessed. Results: The foramen and intervertebral disk were clearly observed in all specimens without any iatrogenic injury of the ventral and dorsal nerve branches. Access to the foramen was possible in all specimens; in the thoracic area the head of the rib was always partially excised to observe the intervertebral disk medially. Lateral corpectomy was easily performed in all cadavers and spinal cord observation was good. Extension to foraminotomy or mini hemilaminectomy could easily be performed through the same limited approach. Conclusion: Endoscopic exploration provided a good viewing of the intervertebral disk and/or foramen. An endoscope‐assisted thoracolumbar lateral corpectomy could effectively be performed through a limited approach to the thoracolumbar disks and allowed good ventral spinal cord assessment.  相似文献   

No evidence of Bartonella quintana but detection of Acinetobacter baumannii in head lice from elementary schoolchildren in Paris     

Bouvresse S  Socolovshi C  Berdjane Z  Durand R  Izri A  Raoult D  Chosidow O  Brouqui P 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2011,34(6):475-477

The human body louse is the only known vector of Bartonella quintana. However, the presence of this bacterium has recently been detected in the head lice of homeless individuals and Nepalese slum children. Previous studies have reported the isolation of Acinetobacter baumannii from the body lice of homeless individuals. An epidemiological survey including 74 schools was conducted between 2008 and 2009 in Paris. After a first visual examination, the hair of children with suspected pediculosis was combed with a fine-tooth comb to collect live adult head lice. Molecular studies were performed on randomly selected DNA samples to detect B. quintana and A. baumannii by specific quantitative real-time PCR. Among a collection of 288 DNA samples, B. quintana was not detected, but A. baumannii was detected in 95 DNA samples (33%). Further study is needed to determine the significance of the finding of A. baumannii in head lice.  相似文献   

Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) could be used for characterization of soil nematode community     

Bernard G. Barthès  Didier Brunet  Oumar Ba 《Soil biology & biochemistry》2011,43(8):1649-1659

Studying soil nematofauna provides useful information on soil status and functioning but requires high taxonomic expertise. Near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectroscopy (NIRS) has been reported to allow fast and inexpensive determination of numerous soil attributes. Thus the present study aimed at assessing the potential of NIRS for determining the abundance and diversity of soil nematodes in a set of 103 clayey topsoil samples collected in 2005 and 2006 from agricultural soils in the highlands of Madagascar.The morphological characterization of soil nematofauna involved extraction through elutriation then counting under binoculars and identification at family or genus level using microscopy, on ca. 150-g fresh soil samples. Taxa were assigned to five trophic groups, namely bacterial feeders, fungal feeders, obligate plant feeders, facultative plant feeders, and omnivores and predators (together). In addition, four ecological indexes were calculated: the Enrichment index, Structure index, Maturity index, and Plant parasitic index.Oven-dried (40 °C) < 2-mm sieved 5-g soil subsamples were scanned in the NIR range (1100-2500 nm), then spectra were fitted to nematofauna data using partial least square regression. Depending on the sample set considered (year 2005, year 2006, or both years), NIRS prediction of total nematode abundance was accurate (ratio of standard deviation to standard error of cross validation, i.e. RPD ≥ 2) or acceptable (RPD ≥ 1.6). Predictions were accurate, acceptable, or quasi-acceptable (RPD ≥ 1.4) for several of the six most abundant taxa, and to a larger extent, for most trophic groups (except facultative plant feeders); but they could not be made for taxa present in a small number of samples or at low abundance. By contrast, NIRS prediction of relative abundances (in proportion of total abundance) was poor in general, as was also the prediction of ecological indexes (except for the 2006 set). On the whole, these results were less accurate than NIRS predictions of soil attributes often reported in the literature. However, though not very accurate, NIRS predictions were worthwhile considering the labor-intensity of the morphological characterization. Most of all, NIRS analyses were carried out on subsamples that were probably too small (5 g) to allow representative sampling of nematofauna. Using larger samples for NIRS (e.g. 100 g) would likely result in more accurate predictions, and is therefore recommended. Scanning un-dried samples could also help improve prediction accuracy, as morphological characterization was carried out on samples not dried after sampling.Examining wavelengths that contributed most to NIRS predictions, and chemical groups they have been assigned to, suggested that NIRS predictions regarding nematofauna depended on constituents of both nematodes and preys’ food. Predictions were thus based on both nematofauna and soil organic properties reflected by nematofauna.  相似文献