The mutational landscape of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma     

Stransky N  Egloff AM  Tward AD  Kostic AD  Cibulskis K  Sivachenko A  Kryukov GV  Lawrence MS  Sougnez C  McKenna A  Shefler E  Ramos AH  Stojanov P  Carter SL  Voet D  Cortés ML  Auclair D  Berger MF  Saksena G  Guiducci C  Onofrio RC  Parkin M  Romkes M  Weissfeld JL  Seethala RR  Wang L  Rangel-Escareño C  Fernandez-Lopez JC  Hidalgo-Miranda A  Melendez-Zajgla J  Winckler W  Ardlie K  Gabriel SB  Meyerson M  Lander ES  Getz G  Golub TR  Garraway LA  Grandis JR 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2011,333(6046):1157-1160

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a common, morbid, and frequently lethal malignancy. To uncover its mutational spectrum, we analyzed whole-exome sequencing data from 74 tumor-normal pairs. The majority exhibited a mutational profile consistent with tobacco exposure; human papillomavirus was detectable by sequencing DNA from infected tumors. In addition to identifying previously known HNSCC genes (TP53, CDKN2A, PTEN, PIK3CA, and HRAS), our analysis revealed many genes not previously implicated in this malignancy. At least 30% of cases harbored mutations in genes that regulate squamous differentiation (for example, NOTCH1, IRF6, and TP63), implicating its dysregulation as a major driver of HNSCC carcinogenesis. More generally, the results indicate the ability of large-scale sequencing to reveal fundamental tumorigenic mechanisms.  相似文献   

Nondestructive evaluation of anthocyanins in olive (Olea europaea) fruits by in situ chlorophyll fluorescence spectroscopy     

Agati G  Pinelli P  Cortés Ebner S  Romani A  Cartelat A  Cerovic ZG 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(5):1354-1363

Anthocyanins (Anths) in olive (Olea europaea L.) fruits at different degrees of pigmentation were assessed nondestructively by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF). The method is based on the comparison of the ChlF excitation spectra from olives with different pigmentation from green to green-red, reddish-purple, and purple. The logarithm of the ratio between the fluorescence excitation spectra (logFER) from two different colored zones gave the difference in the absorption spectrum between them. The absorbance spectrum derived from the logFER between a red olive and the same olive devoid of the skin showed the typical Anth green band (at 550 nm). It matched that recorded by microspectrophotometry on a single pulp cell and the in vitro absorbance spectrum of the olive skin extract. As expected, the in vivo Anths absorption maximum increased in intensity going from less to more mature olives and was higher in the sun-exposed olive side with respect to the sun-shaded side. Absolute quantitative nondestructive determination of Anths for each olive sample was obtained by the logFER calculated for two excitation wavelengths, 550 and 625 nm, of ChlF at 740 nm. Going from green to purple skin colors, the Log[ChlF(625)/ChlF(550)] was fairly well-correlated to the extract Anths concentration. Finally, the relationship between the Anths and the other main phenolics present in the olives analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography was evaluated. The main result was a net increase of verbascoside with increasing Anths content. On the basis of our results, the development of a new rapid and noninvasive method for the monitoring of olive development and ripening can be envisaged.  相似文献   

Mapping wound-response genes involved in post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz)   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Diego Fernando Cortés  Kim Reilly  Emmanuel Okogbenin  John R. Beeching  Carlos Iglesias  Joe Tohme 《Euphytica》2002,126(1):47-53

The genome locations of the wound-response genes that were expressedduring the post-harvest physiological deterioration (PPD) of cassava, suchas phenylalanine ammonia lyase, -1.3 glucanase, hydroxyprolinerich glycoprotein, catalase, 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylate, cysteineprotease inhibitor, aspartic protease, a partial cDNA for serine/threonineprotein kinase and peroxidase, have been identified on the frameworkmolecular genetic map of cassava. Also, molecular markers linked toputative quantitative trait loci (QTLs) influencing PPD of cassava weremapped using an F₁mapping population derived from elite parentallines (TMS 30572 × cm 2177-2). A molecular linkage map previouslyconstructed based on the segregation of 240 RFLP, 100 RAPD, 85microsatellite and five isoenzyme markers on 144 F₁ individuals wasused for the QTL mapping.A set of 10 molecular markers with a significant association with putativeQTLs for PPD were identified based on probability values < 0.005in order to minimize the detection of false positives. Based on single-markerregression, eight putative QTLs located on the linkage groups G, P, L, U,and X of the female-derived framework map were found to explain between 5–12% of the phenotypic variance of the PPD. In the male-derived frameworkmap, two putative QTLs on linkage groups C and L explained 13% and11% of this variance, respectively. This study thus identified the majorgenome regions of cassava related to physiological post-harvestdeterioration, thereby providing tools for the identification of gene(s)controlling this trait.  相似文献   

Selection of a fungal isolate for the control of the pink hibiscus mealybug Maconellicoccus hirsutus     

Karla H Ibarra‐Cortés  Ariel W Guzmán‐Franco  Héctor González‐Hernández  Javier Suarez‐Espinosa  Jason Baverstock 《Pest management science》2013,69(7):874-882

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Spatial variability of phenology in two irrigated grapevine cultivar growing under semi-arid conditions     

N. Verdugo-Vásquez  C. Acevedo-Opazo  H. Valdés-Gómez  M. Araya-Alman  B. Ingram  I. García de Cortázar-Atauri  B. Tisseyre 《Precision Agriculture》2016,17(2):218-245

Knowledge and monitoring of the grapevine phenology during the season are important requirements for characterization of productive regions, climate change studies and planning of various production activities at the vine field scale. This work aims at studying the spatial variability of grapevine phenology at the within field scale. It was conducted on two fields, one of cv Cabernet Sauvignon of 1.56 ha and the other of cv Chardonnay of 1.66 ha, both located in Maule Valley, Chile. Within each vine field, a regular sampling grid was designed, to carry out weekly measurements of phenology and maturation. The main results show that there is a significant spatial variability in the phenological development and maturation at the within field scale for both fields. This variability is spatially organised and temporally stable from the beginning of the season (post-budburst) to harvest and over the years. A cluster analysis allowed us to define two clearly contrasted zones in terms of phenology and maturation in both fields, explained by the microclimate. The magnitude of difference between zones varied from 4 to 9 days depending on phenological stages and from 5 to 43 days for maturation. These differences are similar and comparable to that observed at larger scales or under scenarios of climate change. These results highlight the necessity to better take into account this variability to improve sampling and to base decisions of production activities (spraying, harvest, pruning, etc.) application on more relevant information. Further investigations should determine the environmental factors that determine the observed spatial variability.  相似文献   

Effect of Iron Excess on Growth of Sisal Plants (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Furcraea hexapetala</Emphasis>)     

F. Casierra-Posada  J. D. Cortés-Bayona  J. Cutler 《Gesunde Pflanzen》2017,69(3):123-129

In order to evaluate the effect of excess iron on the growth of sisal (Furcraea hexapetala) plants, an experiment was carried out in Tunja, Colombia, under greenhouse conditions. The plants were grown in a substrate in which 100, 150, 200 and 300?ppm of Fe were added. Control plants were provided without the addition of iron. The Chlorophyll Content Index, dry matter, and root to shoot ratio were gradually reduced as the Fe content in the substrate increased. Leaf area, relative growth rate, absolute growth rate, leaf area ratio and specific leaf area were significantly reduced with the higher doses of Fe. In addition, dry matter partitioning was altered in relation to the control plants and a lower allocation of dry matter in the roots of plants exposed to the higher Fe content was observed. Sisal plants are moderately tolerant to the excess Fe, however when exposed to 300?ppm of the metal, growth is drastically reduced.  相似文献   

First report of a 16SrIII,X‐disease phytoplasma affecting tomato plants in Mexico     

R. Tapia‐Tussell  A. Suaste‐Dzul  A. Cortés‐Velázquez  A. Quijano‐Ramayo  R. Martín‐Mex  A. Nexticapan‐Garcez  I. Córdova‐Lara  L. Sáenz‐Carbonell  D. Pérez‐Brito 《Plant pathology》2010,59(2):395-395

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Vitamin E content of feedstuffs determined by high-performance liquid chromatographic fluorescence   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

T S Cort WMsVicente  E H Waysek  B D Williams 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》1983,31(6):1330-1333

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First isolation and molecular characterization of Ehrlichia canis in Spain     

Aguirre E  Sainz A  Dunner S  Amusategui I  López L  Rodríguez-Franco F  Luaces I  Cortés O  Tesouro MA 《Veterinary parasitology》2004,125(3-4):365-372

This paper reports the first isolation and culture of Ehrlichia canis in Spain from a naturally infected dog using the DH82 cell line. After DNA extraction and PCR amplification, a nearly complete (1412bp) sequence of the 16S rRNA gene of the new E. canis strain was obtained. The GenBank accession number for the nucleotide sequence of this strain is AY394465. This sequence was aligned with the 16S rRNA gene sequences of other Ehrlichia strains accessible in GenBank. The 16S rRNA gene sequence of the E. canis strain reported here showed a high percentage of similarity with the 16S rRNA gene sequence of E. canis from different geographic areas including Japan, Venezuela and Israel. These data confirm the presence of E. canis in Spain.  相似文献   

Evaluation of different concentrations of adult live Artemia (Artemia franciscana,Kellogs 1906) as natural exogenous feed on the water quality and production parameters of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931) pre-grown intensively     

Alfredo Campaña-Torres  Luis R Martínez-Córdova  Humberto Villarreal-Colmenares  Edilmar Cortés-Jacinto 《Aquaculture Research》2010,42(1):40-46

A 7-week experimental study was performed to evaluate the effect of five concentrations of adult live Artemia (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 L⁻¹) as exogenous natural feed on the water quality and production parameters of juvenile (0.2 ± 0.01 g) shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) pre-grown intensively (125 organism m⁻²) under laboratory conditions (80 L plastic tanks). No significant differences were observed in the environmental variables among treatments. Total ammonium nitrogen, nitrates and phosphates recorded higher concentrations in all the treatments using artemia, as compared with the treatment without Artemia. In all the cases, the levels remained within or close to the ranges considered necessary for the farming of the species. The highest weight gain and biomass were obtained in the treatments with 3 and 4 Artemia L⁻¹. The best feed conversion ratio were recorded using 2 Artemia L⁻¹ and the highest with 0 Artemia L⁻¹. No differences in survival were detected among treatments. The greatest concentrations of nitrogenous metabolites achieved at the highest densities of Artemia were lower than the LC₅₀ for penaied shrimp and no negative effect was observed on the survival of the shrimp. These results clearly indicate that the use of adult live Artemia as exogenous natural feed significantly increased the production parameters of the Pacific white shrimp.  相似文献