Intravenous lipid emulsion therapy in 20 cats accidentally overdosed with ivermectin          下载免费PDF全文

Geraldine Jourdan DMV  MSc  PhD  Guillaume Boyer DMV  Isabelle Raymond‐Letron DMV  MSc  PhD  Emilie Bouhsira DMV  MSc  PhD  Benjamin Bedel DMV  Patrick Verwaerde DMV  MSc  PhD 《Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care》2015,25(5):667-671

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High-strength welds in metallocene Polypropylene/Polyethylene laminates     

Chaffin KA  Knutsen JS  Brant P  Bates FS 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,288(5474):2187-2190

Spectacular advances in organometallic chemistry over the past two decades have resulted in single-site catalysts that are revolutionizing production of polyethylene (PE) and isotactic polypropylene (iPP). This report describes an unanticipated benefit of metallocene-catalyzed semicrystalline polyolefins, namely welded joint strengths in PE/iPP laminates that can exceed the cohesive strength of the constituents. We propose that interfacial polymer entanglements, established in the molten state and subsequently anchored in chain-folded lamellae upon crystallization, are responsible for this intrinsic property. The poor adhesion exhibited by traditional Ziegler-Natta-catalyzed polyolefins is shown to derive from the accumulation of amorphous polymer, a by-product of the polymerization reactions, at the interface. These results should facilitate fabrication and improve the properties of composites based on materials that dominate the plastics industry.  相似文献   

Sterilization of exopolysaccharides produced by deep-sea bacteria: impact on their stability and degradation     

Rederstorff E  Fatimi A  Sinquin C  Ratiskol J  Merceron C  Vinatier C  Weiss P  Colliec-Jouault S 《Marine drugs》2011,9(2):224-241

Polysaccharides are highly heat-sensitive macromolecules, so high temperature treatments are greatly destructive and cause considerable damage, such as a great decrease in both viscosity and molecular weight of the polymer. The technical feasibility of the production of exopolysaccharides by deep-sea bacteria Vibrio diabolicus and Alteromonas infernus was previously demonstrated using a bioproduct manufacturing process. The objective of this study was to determine which sterilization method, other than heat sterilization, was the most appropriate for these marine exopolysaccharides and was in accordance with bioprocess engineering requirements. Chemical sterilization using low-temperature ethylene oxide and a mixture of ionized gases (plasmas) was compared to the sterilization methods using gamma and beta radiations. The changes to both the physical and chemical properties of the sterilized exopolysaccharides were analyzed. The use of ethylene oxide can be recommended for the sterilization of polysaccharides as a weak effect on both rheological and structural properties was observed. This low-temperature gas sterilizing process is very efficient, giving a good Sterility Assurance Level (SAL), and is also well suited to large-scale compound manufacturing in the pharmaceutical industry.  相似文献   

Barley carbohydrate composition varies with genetic and abiotic factors     

A.K. Holtekj⊘len  A.K. Uhlen  S.H. Knutsen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2013,63(1):27-34

Abstract

Changes in chemical quality arising from genetic composition of different barley varieties as well as non-genetic factors were investigated by comparing samples from different seasons and locations. The samples (15), consisting of different varieties originating from Norway and Canada, were analysed for polysaccharide composition as well as total protein content. The results revealed differences in chemical parameters between the hulled and hull-less varieties, especially in carbohydrate composition. Also, variations within the types were found, which indicated that factors other than the presence or lack of hull may also influence the carbohydrate composition. As expected, varieties grown at the same location in both seasons had a lesser variation in their grain composition between the growing periods than varieties grown at different locations. Changing the growth location from Canada to Norway also gave an increase in starch and insoluble fibre, but decreased the amount of β-glucan, protein and soluble fibre. Promising varieties for the food industry are samples with an atypical starch characteristic without hull, due to higher levels of the proposed health-beneficial components. Also, the commercial Norwegian variety, Olve, had an advantageous grain composition and is a promising variety for food uses.  相似文献   

Acute effects of chlorogenic Acid on nitric oxide status, endothelial function, and blood pressure in healthy volunteers: a randomized trial     

A Mubarak  CP Bondonno  AH Liu  MJ Considine  L Rich  E Mas  KD Croft  JM Hodgson 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(36):9130-9136

There is mounting evidence that specific dietary polyphenols can enhance vascular health by augmenting nitric oxide. Our aim was to investigate the acute effects of chlorogenic acid, an important dietary phenolic acid present in coffee (400 mg, equivalent to 2 cups of coffee), on nitric oxide status, endothelial function, and blood pressure. Healthy men and women (n = 23) were recruited to a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Chlorogenic acid resulted in significantly higher plasma concentrations of chlorogenic acid (P < 0.001). Relative to control, the mean post-treatment systolic blood pressure (-2.41 mmHg, 95% CI: -0.03, -4.78; P = 0.05) and diastolic blood pressure (-1.53 mmHg, 95% CI: -0.05, -3.01; P = 0.04) were significantly lower with chlorogenic acid. Markers of nitric oxide status (P > 0.10) and the measure of endothelial function (P = 0.60) were not significantly influenced. Chlorogenic acid can lower blood pressure acutely, an effect that, if sustained, would benefit cardiovascular health.  相似文献   

Variability of hydrolysis of β-, αs1-, and αs2-caseins by 10 strains of Streptococcus thermophilus and resulting bioactive peptides     

Miclo L  Roux E  Genay M  Brusseaux E  Poirson C  Jameh N  Perrin C  Dary A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(2):554-565

Milk proteins contain numerous potential bioactive peptides, which may be released by digestive proteases or by the proteolytic system of lactic acid bacteria during food processing. The capacity of Streptococcus thermophilus to generate peptides, especially bioactive peptides, from bovine caseins was investigated. Strains expressing various levels of the cell envelope proteinase, PrtS, were incubated with α(s1)-, α(s2)-, or β-casein. Analysis of the supernatants by LC-ESI-MS/MS showed that the β-casein was preferentially hydrolyzed, followed by α(s2)-casein and then α(s1)-casein. Numbers and types of peptides released were strain-dependent. Hydrolysis appeared to be linked with the accessibility of different casein regions by protease. Analysis of bonds hydrolyzed in the region 1-23 of α(s1)-casein suggests that PrtS is at least in part responsible for the peptide production. Finally, among the generated peptides, 13 peptides from β-casein, 5 from α(s2)-casein, and 2 from α(s1)-casein have been reported as bioactive, 15 of them being angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.  相似文献   

Process,structure and texture of extruded whole wheat     

Frédéric Robin  Cédric Dubois  Nicolas Pineau  Emilie Labat  Christine Théoduloz  Delphine Curti 《Journal of Cereal Science》2012

Whole wheat is well known by consumers as a health-providing ingredient. Nevertheless, in extruded products it leads to textures that are less favorable to consumer preference compared to its refined flour. An understanding of the effect of extrusion on whole wheat properties is therefore necessary to improve its texture. Whole wheat flour was extruded under varying conditions of water content (18 or 22%), screw speed (400 or 800 rpm) and barrel temperature (140 or 180 °C) and its physicochemical properties were measured. Changing the extrusion conditions significantly modified the volumetric expansion index (between 9.1 and 20.6) and longitudinal expansion (between 0.93 and 2.98) of the samples. Interestingly, changing the extrusion conditions did not significantly modify the sectional expansion. Increasing barrel temperature, water content or screw speed decreased the shear viscosity of the melt. This can be explained by plasticizing effects and modification of starch properties. The change in shear viscosity at the die can mostly explain the effect of process conditions on volumetric expansion of the extruded whole wheat. The stress at rupture of the extruded samples was varied between 0.49 and 1.86 MPa depending on process conditions. It was the lowest at high water content and low screw speed.  相似文献   

Chemical Composition and Anti-inflammatory Properties of the Unsaponifiable Fraction from Awara (Astrocaryum vulgare M.) Pulp Oil in Activated J774 Macrophages and in a Mice Model of Endotoxic Shock     

Emilie Bony  Frédéric Boudard  Emilie Dussossoy  Karine Portet  Pierre Brat  Jean Giaimis  Alain Michel 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(4):384-392

Awara (Astrocaryum vulgare M.) pulp oil has been shown to possess anti-inflammatory properties in vivo, and contains an unsaponifiable matter rich in bioactive compounds. This study focused on the ethanolic unsaponifiable fraction (EUF) of awara pulp oil. Its chemical composition has been characterized: carotenoid, phytosterol, and tocopherol contents represent 125.7, 152.6, and 6.8?μg/mg of EUF, respectively. We further evaluated this fraction for anti-inflammatory properties in J774 macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interferon (IFN) γ to understand the biological effects of awara pulp oil. EUF strongly decreased nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E₂, tumour necrosis factor (TNF) α, and interleukin (IL) -6 and -10 production in activated J774 cells. Moreover, it inhibited expression of inducible NO synthase and cyclooxygenases-2 in vitro. The anti-inflammatory properties of EUF were also confirmed in vivo by modulation of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-10 serum concentration in an endotoxic shock model. Pre-treatment with awara oil fraction offers promise as a protective means to lower the production of excessive amounts of pro-inflammatory molecules.  相似文献   

Marine Benthic Diatoms Contain Compounds Able to Induce Leukemia Cell Death and Modulate Blood Platelet Activity     

Siv Kristin Prestegard  Linn Oftedal  Rosie Theresa Coyne  Gyrid Nygaard  Kaja Helvik Skj?rven  Gjert Knutsen  Stein Ove D?skeland  Lars Herfindal 《Marine drugs》2009,7(4):605-623

In spite of the high abundance and species diversity of diatoms, only a few bioactive compounds from them have been described. The present study reveals a high number of mammalian cell death inducing substances in biofilm-associated diatoms sampled from the intertidal zone. Extracts from the genera Melosira, Amphora, Phaeodactylum and Nitzschia were all found to induce leukemia cell death, with either classical apoptotic or autophagic features. Several extracts also contained inhibitors of thrombin-induced blood platelet activation. Some of this activity was caused by a high content of adenosine in the diatoms, ranging from 0.07 to 0.31 μg/mg dry weight. However, most of the bioactivity was adenosine deaminase-resistant. An adenosine deaminase-resistant active fraction from one of the extracts was partially purified and shown to induce apoptosis with a distinct phenotype. The results show that benthic diatoms typically found in the intertidal zone may represent a richer source of interesting bioactive compounds than hitherto recognized.  相似文献   

Naturally occurring bioactive compounds from four repellent essential oils against Bemisia tabaci whiteflies          下载免费PDF全文

Emilie Deletre  Fabrice Chandre  Barbara Barkman  Chantal Menut  Thibaud Martin 《Pest management science》2016,72(1):179-189

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