商品马铃薯储存条件和抑制发芽技术的研究   总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1  

孙茂林  Enrique Chujoy  李树莲  李先平 《西南农业学报》2004,17(3):361-364

储存云南大春收获的商品马铃薯，通过提高相对湿度达到80％以上，自然通风，将温度控制在10～14℃，马铃薯块茎平均每周水分损失0．90％，并且块茎较新鲜，按农村常规储存方法，平均每周水分损失2．64％，块茎皱缩明显。采用CIPC抑芽剂戴科25号处理商品马铃薯，能够有效地抑制发芽，保鲜165d，重量损失仅3．28％，加工原料马铃薯保持良好品质。  相似文献   

c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Phosphorylation Is a Biomarker of Plitidepsin Activity     

María J. Mu?oz-Alonso  Enrique álvarez  María José Guillén-Navarro  Marina Pollán  Pablo Avilés  Carlos M. Galmarini  Alberto Mu?oz 《Marine drugs》2013,11(5):1677-1692

Plitidepsin is an antitumor drug of marine origin currently in Phase III clinical trials in multiple myeloma. In cultured cells, plitidepsin induces cell cycle arrest or an acute apoptotic process in which sustained activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) plays a crucial role. With a view to optimizing clinical use of plitidepsin, we have therefore evaluated the possibility of using JNK activation as an in vivo biomarker of response. In this study, we show that administration of a single plitidepsin dose to mice xenografted with human cancer cells does indeed lead to increased phosphorylation of JNK in tumors at 4 to 12 h. By contrast, no changes were found in other in vitro plitidepsin targets such as the levels of phosphorylated-ERK, -p38MAPK or the protein p27^KIP1. Interestingly, plitidepsin also increased JNK phosphorylation in spleens from xenografted mice showing similar kinetics to those seen in tumors, thereby suggesting that normal tissues might be useful for predicting drug activity. Furthermore, plitidepsin administration to rats at plasma concentrations comparable to those achievable in patients also increased JNK phosphorylation in peripheral mononuclear blood cells. These findings suggest that changes in JNK activity provide a reliable biomarker for plitidepsin activity and this could be useful for designing clinical trials and maximizing the efficacy of plitidepsin.  相似文献   

Analysis of genetic diversity and discrimination of Oil Palm DxP populations based on the origins of pisifera elite parents     

Upit Sarimana  Javier Herrero  Pratiwi Erika  Nurcahyono Indarto  Fahmi Wendra  Baitha Santika  Enrique Ritter  Zulhermana Sembiring  Dwi Asmono 《Breeding Science》2021,71(2):134

A total of 251 Dura cross Pisifera (DxP) hybrid palms from six populations descending from six parental African Pisifera origins and involving 12 progenies were analyzed with 19 selected Simple Sequence Repeats (SSR) markers. A total of 110 alleles were produced, ranging from three to eight per SSR, with a mean of 5.8 alleles per SSR locus. Of these, 68.5% were considered shared alleles by more than one population and the remaining 31.5% were population specific alleles. They generated between six and 21 haplotypes in all populations, and depending on the SSR marker, between one and 10 haplotypes within populations. Various parameters for analyzing genetic variability, differentiation and genetic structure were computed using GenAlEx, Structure and Darwin software. The obtained results confirmed microsatellites as a robust, feasible and trustful method for obtaining DNA fingerprints, tracing the source of oil palm samples. With respect to the authenticity of materials or for solving legitimacy issues, accession belonging to each population by SSR markers could be distinguished, but additional SSR should be screened for improving this process.  相似文献   

Effects of Drying Process on the Physicochemical Properties of Nopal Cladodes at Different Maturity Stages     

Contreras-Padilla M  Gutiérrez-Cortez E  Valderrama-Bravo Mdel C  Rojas-Molina I  Espinosa-Arbeláez DG  Suárez-Vargas R  Rodríguez-García ME 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2012,67(1):44-49

Chemical proximate analysis was done in order to determine the changes of nutritional characteristics of nopal powders from three different maturity stages 50, 100, and 150 days and obtained by three different drying processes: freeze dried, forced air oven, and tunnel. Results indicate that nopal powder obtained by the process of freeze dried retains higher contents of protein, soluble fiber, and fat than the other two processes. Also, freeze dried process had less effect on color hue variable. No changes were observed in insoluble fiber content, chroma and lightness with the three different drying processes. Furthermore, the soluble fibers decreased with the age of nopal while insoluble fibers and ash content shows an opposite trend. In addition, the luminosity and hue values did not show differences among the maturity stages studied. The high content of dietary fibers of nopal pad powder could to be an interesting source of these important components for human diets and also could be used in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industry.  相似文献   

Immunomodulatory effect of prolactin on Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) macrophage function     

Marco Paredes  Katerina Gonzalez  Jaime Figueroa  Enrique Montiel-Eulefi 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2013,39(5):1215-1221

The in vitro and in vivo effect of prolactin (PRL) on kidney macrophages from Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was investigated under the assumption that PRL stimulates immune innate response in mammals. Kidney macrophages were treated two ways: first, cultured in RPMI 1640 medium containing 10, 25, 50 and 100 ng/mL of PRL and second, isolated from a fish with a PRL-injected dose of 100 ng/Kg. Reduced nitro blue tetrazolium (formazan) was used to produce intracellular superoxide anion. Phagocytic activity of PRL was determined in treated cells by optical microscopy observation of phagocytized Congo red-stained yeast. Kidney lysozyme activity was measured in PRL-injected fish. In vitro and in vivo macrophages treated with PRL presented an enhanced superoxide anion production, elevated phagocytic index and increased phagocytic activity. Treated fish showed higher levels of lysozyme activity in the head kidney compared to the control. These results indicate that PRL-stimulated innate immune response in Atlantic salmon and future studies will allow us to assess the possibility of using PRL as an immunostimulant in the Chilean salmon industry.  相似文献   

Water Leachates of Nitrate Nitrogen and Cations from Poultry Manure Added to an Alfisol Udalf Soil     

Alvarez González  Carlos Enrique  Gil  E.  Fernández-Falcón  M.  Hernández  M. M. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2009,196(1-4):273-285

Water, Air, & Soil Pollution - The paper summarizes results of chemical analyses of fog and rime water samples. The samples were collected at Milesovka, the Czech meteorological observatory....  相似文献   

Diversity analysis of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Acacia tortilis</Emphasis> (Forsk.) Hayne ssp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">raddiana</Emphasis> (Savi) Brenan (Mimosaceae) using phenotypic traits,chromosome counting and DNA content approaches     

Héla El Ferchichi Ouarda  David J. Walker  Mohamed Larbi Khouja  Enrique Correal 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2009,56(7):1001-1010

Acacia tortilis (Forsk.) Hayne ssp. raddiana (Savi) Brenan (Family Fabaceae; subfamily Mimosoideae) is a pioneer tree of dry areas. In spite of its several uses, there are no any published studies which deal with genetic diversity of Acacia tortilis (Forsk.) Hayne ssp. raddiana (Savi) Brenan in Tunisia. For this reason, here we study its genetic diversity with morphometric (only in Tunisian populations), chromosome counting, and cytometric (in Tunisian and Ziambabwean populations) approaches. Morphological field studies of four Tunisian populations (Bouhedma, Haddej, Hajeb and Gtar, respectively, designated as A, B, C, D) of A. tortilis (Forsk.) Hayne ssp. raddiana (Savi) Brenan using a general linear model (ANOVA) revealed statistically highly-significant differences between populations for all examined characters (P < 0.0001). Significant differences were found also between genotypes for the majority of morphological traits (P < 0.0001) except the width of 10 pods (laP), weight of 10 pods (Wt) and seed number of 10 pods (Sn) (P ≥ 0.110). The variability in the tree, pod and seed characters can be exploited for agro-industrial purposes. The DNA amount and chromosome numbers of populations Umguza and Gwaii River from Ziambabwe and of Tunisian populations A, B, C and D were determined. Tunisian populations had 2C nuclear DNA contents of 2.95–3.03 pg, and were shown to be tetraploid (2n = 4x = 52), whilst the two Ziambabwean populations had 1.39–1.40 pg and were diploid (2n = 2x = 26). It is suggested that the Tunisian populations are paleotetraploids, adapted to the more-arid local conditions.  相似文献   

Oceanic and atmospheric extremes motivate a new hypothesis for variable marine survival of Fraser River sockeye salmon     

Skip McKinnell  Enrique Curchitser  Kees Groot  Masahide Kaeriyama  Marc Trudel 《Fisheries Oceanography》2014,23(4):322-341

In spite of a relatively optimistic pre‐season forecast, the total return of adult sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) to the Fraser River (British Columbia, Canada) in 2009 was the lowest recorded since quantitative records began in the late 1940s. A plausible mechanism is proposed that links a sequence of extreme oceanic and climatic events to poor marine survival. It began with record‐setting snow packs in the coastal mountain range during the winter of 2007 that led to the development of unprecedented oceanographic conditions in the spring of 2007 from Queen Charlotte Strait in central British Columbia to Southeast Alaska. When combined with equally extreme atmospheric anomalies in the region in the spring of 2007, with a winter wind regime persisting through July, a coastal surface ocean with characteristics that are known to be associated with lower marine survival was established. Most of the sockeye salmon that were expected to return to the Fraser River as adults in 2009 passed through this atypical ocean as juveniles on their migration to the open ocean in 2007. A trophic gauntlet hypothesis is proposed as a new paradigm to describe the oceanic environment faced by sockeye salmon after they emigrate northward from the Strait of Georgia. The hypothesis identifies a new type of high nutrient low chlorophyll region that can explain how oceanographic extremes at critical locations along the migration route beyond the Strait of Georgia can reduce marine survival in some years.  相似文献   

Lethal and sublethal effects of commercial insecticides on Philodromus buxi,a potential predator of defoliating Lepidoptera in dehesa woodland in southern Spain     

Sergio Pérez-Guerrero  Asnake Gelan-Begna  Alberto Redondo Villa  Rafael Tamajón  Enrique Vargas-Osuna 《国际虫害防治杂志》2014,60(2):121-127

Chemical and other selective insecticides are annually used as foliar treatments against defoliating Lepidoptera in the southern Spanish open woodland (known as dehesa), one of the largest forest ecosystems in the Mediterranean basin. In order to analyse the negative impact of these treatments on beneficial arthropods, the toxic effect of the three authorised insecticides on Philodromus buxi Simon (Araneae: Philodromidae), the most abundant tree canopy spider in southern Spain, was tested under laboratory conditions. Cypermethrin was the most harmful insecticide 96 hours after application, causing around 90% corrected mortality, while flufenoxuron (an insect growth-regulator) prompted around 45% mortality, and Bacillus thuringiensis caused no mortality at all. In addition, flufenoxuron produced a clear alteration in the predatory capacity of P. buxi, increasing the reaction times of treated specimens, and additional mortality associated with the moulting process. Bacillus thuringiensis caused no effects in reaction times, growth or moulting. The results obtained clearly indicate that B. thuringiensis is the most suitable of the authorised insecticides for conserving populations of P. buxi in dehesa woodland in southern Spain.  相似文献   

Fruit set and the diurnal pollinators of the invasive Lantana camara and the endemic Lantana peduncularis in the Galapagos Islands     

Jorge Carrión‐Tacuri  Regina Berjano  Giovanny Guerrero  Enrique Figueroa  Alan Tye  Jesus M. Castillo 《Weed Biology and Management》2014,14(3):209-219

Fruit set is highly relevant to a plant's reproductive success. Fruit set can vary due to predation on flowers, pollinator services and/or resource availability. Reproductive success, measured as the fruit set of the invasive Lantana camara and the endemic Lantana peduncularis in the cool–dry season and the warm–wet season of the Galapagos Islands, was studied. Also, autonomous self‐pollination ability and seed viability were probed for both species. Furthermore, flower visitors and their activity were registered for both species during the warm–wet season. Lantana peduncularis produced fewer flowers per inflorescence, but had a higher fruit set in the cool–dry season, compared to the warm–wet season. In contrast, the fruit set in L. camara did not change seasonally. The fruit set in L. camara was higher than in L. peduncularis in the warm–wet season. Moreover, ～18% of the bagged flowers of the invasive Lantana produced fruits by autonomous self‐pollination, while for the endemic Lantana, the rate of autonomous self‐pollination was very low. More than 80% of the fruits for both species had at least one viable seed per fruit. The number of pollinators and their frequency, inflorescence‐ and flower‐visiting rates and the duration of the visit per flower were higher in the invasive Lantana than in the endemic one. The endemic Lepidoptera Urbanus galapagensis (the main pollinator of both Lantana species) and the introduced Hymenia perspectalis were observed pollinating both Lantana species. These results indicate that the alien L. camara is more attractive to pollinators and it has reproductive advantages regarding fruit set in comparison with L. peduncularis, factors that contribute to the colonization pattern of this invasive species.  相似文献