Doxycycline treatment for <Emphasis Type="Italic">Dirofilaria immitis</Emphasis> in dogs: impact on <Emphasis Type="Italic">Staphylococcus aureus</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Enterococcus</Emphasis> antimicrobial resistance     

María Teresa Tejedor-Junco  Margarita González-Martín  Estefanía Bermeo-Garrido  Rebeca Villasana-Loaiza  Elena Carretón-Gómez 《Veterinary research communications》2018,42(3):227-232

Doxycycline is an antibiotic that, in addition to the classic antibacterial use, is also prescribed to fight parasitic diseases, like heartworm disease in dogs. Despite the concern that the overuse of this antibiotic may decrease susceptibility of clinically important bacteria, the consequences of the prolonged doxycycline therapy in heartworm-infected dogs have never been studied before. We have analyzed the impact of this therapy on Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus antimicrobial resistance. In this study, 17 heartworm-infected dogs (10 that had completed the doxycycline treatment and 7 dogs that had not yet begun) were included. Twenty-four isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were obtained from two locations of each dog. After treatment, 73.3% of isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic but only 22.2% of isolates before treatment. Most of doxycycline resistant isolates were obtained from dogs that have received treatment. Erythromycin resistance or intermediate susceptibility was detected in 45.6% of isolates, most of them from dogs after treatment. For Enterococci, 48 isolates were obtained from fecal samples (25 before treatment and 23 after treatment). Before treatment, 32% of isolates were resistant at least to one antibiotic while after, this data increase up to 65%. Comparing isolates before and after treatment, a clear increase in resistance to doxycycline (12% against 21.74%) and erythromycin (20% against 39.13%) was observed. Although the present work is a preliminary research, the results encourages the development of further studies to determinate the effect of prolonged doxycycline therapy on antimicrobial resistance.  相似文献   

Modification of the metal endoprosthesis limb‐salvage procedure for excision of a large distal radial osteosarcoma in a dog: A case report          下载免费PDF全文

Brandan G. Wustefeld‐Janssens BVSc  Diplomate ECVS  Mary Lafferty CVT  Bernard Séguin DVM  MS  Diplomate ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(6):802-808

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Incidence and risk factors for neurological signs after attenuation of single congenital portosystemic shunts in 253 dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Rhiannon Strickland BVetMed  Michael S. Tivers BVSc  PhD  DipECVS  Sophie E. Adamantos BVSc  DACVECC  DECVECC  Tom R. Harcourt‐Brown MA  VetMB  DipECVN  Robert C. Fowkes BSc  PhD  Victoria J. Lipscomb MA  VetMB  DipECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(6):745-755

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Effects of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on uncomplicated incisional and open wound healing in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Christian R. Latimer DVM  Cassie N. Lux DVM  DACVS‐SA  Sarah Roberts BS  DVM  Marti G. Drum DVM  PhD  DACVSMR  Cheryl Braswell DVM  DACVECC  Mee Ja M. Sula DVM  DACVP 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(6):827-836

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Laryngeal mask airway and transient hypercapnic hyperpnea for video‐endoscopic assessment of unilateral laryngeal paralysis in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Daniel M. Sakai MV  DACVAA  Manuel Martin‐Flores MV  DACVAA  Amanda K. Jones PhD  Galina M. Hayes BVSc  PhD  DACVECC  DACVS‐SA  Marina J. McConkey DVM  DACVS‐SA  Jonathan Cheetham VetMB  PhD  DACVS‐LA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(4):543-548

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Altitude effects on technology and productivity of small bovine farms (milk meat) in Veracruz (Gulf of Mexico)     

C. Ruíz-Guevara  F. De León-González  R. Soriano-Robles  A. L. Pérez-Carrera  L. A. García-Hernández 《Tropical animal health and production》2018,50(3):469-476

The dual-purpose bovine system represents 98.4% of the bovine livestock of Veracruz, the main cattle-producing state of Mexico. This system supplies calves to meat companies, a sector in which Veracruz has been the national leader in the last decade. The objective of the present study was to analyze the effect of the altitudinal zonation of farms on livestock technology and productivity in a microbasin of the Gulf of Mexico where small farms predominate. Structured interviews were applied to producers located in three altitudinal zones (at average altitudes of 50, 140, and 450 m, respectively, for lower, middle, and upper zones). Sample size was 135 farms having similar land surface (within a range of 15–22 ha). The results indicated multiple differences among farms located in the three zones. Farms in the middle and lower zones presented higher productive indicators than those in the upper zone. Differences in herd structure and management resulted in important differences in productivity, income, and profits in milk and calf production. We concluded from this study that altitudinal zonation in Veracruz had a clear effect on the differentiation of small farms, which are representative of dual-purpose cattle. The upper zone performs cattle activity under conditions with greater disadvantages in the analyzed region.  相似文献   

Pharmacokinetic profiles of the two major active metabolites of metamizole (dipyrone) in cats following three different routes of administration          下载免费PDF全文

B. Lebkowska‐Wieruszewska  T. W. Kim  B. Chea  H. Owen  A. Poapolathep  M. Giorgi 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(2):334-339

This study was performed to determine pharmacokinetic profiles of the two active metabolites of the analgesic drug metamizole (dipyrone , MET), 4‐methylaminoantipyrine (MAA), and 4‐aminoantipyrine (AA), after intravenous (i.v., intramuscular (i.m.), and oral (p.o.) administration in cats. Six healthy mixed‐breed cats were administered MET (25 mg/kg) by i.v., i.m., or p.o. routes in a crossover design. Adverse clinical signs, namely salivation and vomiting, were detected in all groups (i.v. 67%, i.m. 34%, and p.o. 15%). The mean maximal plasma concentration of MAA for i.v., i.m., and p.o. administrations was 148.63 ± 106.64, 18.74 ± 4.97, and 20.59 ± 15.29 μg/ml, respectively, with about 7 hr of half‐life in all routes. Among the administration routes, the area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC) value was the lowest after i.m. administration and the AUC_EV/i.v. ratio was higher in p.o. than the i.m. administration without statistical significance. The plasma concentration of AA was detectable up to 24 hr, and the mean plasma concentrations were smaller than MAA. The present results suggest that MET is converted into the active metabolites in cats as in humans. Further pharmacodynamics and safety studies should be performed before any clinical use.  相似文献   

Effects of p.o. administered xylitol in cats          下载免费PDF全文

Á. Jerzsele  Z. Karancsi  E. Pászti‐Gere  Á. Sterczer  A. Bersényi  K. Fodor  D. Szabó  P. Vajdovich 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(3):409-414

Xylitol is commonly used as sugar substitute in households. While it has numerous beneficial effects on human health, it is highly toxic to dogs. The goal of this study was to examine whether xylitol has similar deleterious effects, such as hypoglycaemia and acute hepatic failure, on cats. Our research included six healthy middle‐aged cats. Xylitol was dissolved in deionized water and administered p.o. at three doses (100, 500 and 1,000 mg/kg body weight). These dosages have been considered toxic and can cause liver failure or even death in dogs. After every xylitol administration, the basic health status and the blood glucose of cats were observed regularly. Additionally, prior to and 6, 24 and 72 hr after xylitol administration, blood samples were taken to check complete blood count, clinical biochemical parameters and enzymes such as ALT, ALKP, GGT, GLDH, bile acids, BUN, creatinine, phosphate, total protein, albumin, sodium and potassium. There were no significant changes (p > .05) in any of the haematological or biochemical parameters. Blood glucose concentrations did not show any significant alterations, except at 1,000 mg/kg dose, where a mild but significant increase was observed, but it was in physiological range. Based on our results, xylitol did not induce toxic effects on cats.  相似文献   

The construction and application of a population physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for methadone in Beagles and Greyhounds          下载免费PDF全文

Trevor Elwell‐Cuddy  Miao Li  Butch KuKanich  Zhoumeng Lin 《Journal of veterinary pharmacology and therapeutics》2018,41(5):670-683

Methadone is an opioid analgesic in veterinary and human medicine. To help develop appropriate pain management practices and to develop a quantitative model for predicting methadone dosimetry, a flow‐limited multiroute physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model for methadone in dogs constructed with Berkeley Madonna? was developed. The model accounts for intravenous (IV), subcutaneous (SC), and oral administrations, and compartmentalizes the body into different components. This model was calibrated from plasma pharmacokinetic data after IV administration of methadone in Beagles and Greyhounds. The calibrated model was evaluated with independent data in both breeds of dogs. One advantage of this model is that most physiological parameter values for Greyhounds were taken directly from the original literature. The developed model simulates available pharmacokinetic data for plasma concentrations well for both breeds. After conducting regression analysis, all simulated datasets produced an R ² > 0.80 when compared to the measured plasma concentrations. Comparative analysis of the dosimetry of methadone between the breeds suggested that Greyhounds had ~50% lower 24‐hr area under the curve (AUC) of plasma or brain concentrations than in Beagles. Furthermore, population analysis was conducted with this study. This model can be used to predict methadone concentrations in multiple dog breeds using breed‐specific parameters.  相似文献   

Removal of hemangiosarcoma cells from canine blood with a cell salvage system and leukocyte reduction filter          下载免费PDF全文

Brittany Ciepluch DVM  MS  Heather Wilson‐Robles DVM  DACVIM  Gwendolyn Levine DVM  DACVP  Roger Smith DVM  PhD  Gus A. Wright PhD  Tasha Miller BS  Maureen T. O'Brien DVM  MS  DACVP  Kelley M. Thieman Mankin DVM  MS  DACVS‐SA 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2018,47(2):293-301

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