A 5-micron-bright spot on Titan: evidence for surface diversity     

Barnes JW  Brown RH  Turtle EP  McEwen AS  Lorenz RD  Janssen M  Schaller EL  Brown ME  Buratti BJ  Sotin C  Griffith C  Clark R  Perry J  Fussner S  Barbara J  West R  Elachi C  Bouchez AH  Roe HG  Baines KH  Bellucci G  Bibring JP  Capaccioni F  Cerroni P  Combes M  Coradini A  Cruikshank DP  Drossart P  Formisano V  Jaumann R  Langevin Y  Matson DL  McCord TB  Nicholson PD  Sicardy B 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,310(5745):92-95

Observations from the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer show an anomalously bright spot on Titan located at 80 degrees W and 20 degrees S. This area is bright in reflected light at all observed wavelengths, but is most noticeable at 5 microns. The spot is associated with a surface albedo feature identified in images taken by the Cassini Imaging Science Subsystem. We discuss various hypotheses about the source of the spot, reaching the conclusion that the spot is probably due to variation in surface composition, perhaps associated with recent geophysical phenomena.  相似文献   

Development of gates to measure the immature platelet fraction in C57BL/6J mice using the Sysmex XN-V series multispecies hematology analyzer     

Patricia Davenport  Viola Lorenz  Zhi-Jian Liu  Henry A. Feldman  Jorge Canas  Emily Nolton  Chiara-Aiyleen Badur  Thi Minh-Thi Do  Martha Sola-Visner 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2021,33(5):913

The immature platelet fraction (IPF) is a measure of newly released platelets, which has been used as a marker of platelet production in multiple human studies but is not widely available in multispecies analyzers. We developed gates to measure the IPF in diluted and undiluted murine blood samples on the Sysmex XN-1000V multispecies hematology analyzer. IPF gates were created using undiluted and diluted (1/10) blood samples obtained from adult and newborn (postnatal day 10, P10) C57BL/6J wild-type (WT) mice, and from 3 murine models of thrombocytopenia: c-MPL^−/− mice, which lack the thrombopoietin receptor (hyporegenerative); antibody-mediated thrombocytopenia; and acute inflammation-induced thrombocytopenia. P10 mice were chosen because, at their size, we could consistently obtain (by terminal phlebotomy) the blood volume needed to run an undiluted sample. The undiluted blood IPF gate successfully differentiated between mechanisms of thrombocytopenia in both adult and P10 mice. For diluted samples, 2 IPF gates were generated: a thrombocytopenic (T) gate, which performed well in samples with platelet counts (PCs) <800 × 10⁹/L in adult mice and <500 × 10⁹/L in newborn mice, and a non-thrombocytopenic (NT) gate, which performed well in samples with PCs above these thresholds. PCs and IPFs measured in diluted blood using these gates agreed well with those measured in undiluted blood and had good reproducibility. These diluted gates allow for the accurate measurement of PCs and IPFs in small (10 µL) blood volumes, which can be obtained easily from adult and newborn mice as small as P1 to assess platelet production serially.  相似文献   

Carbon storage in loess derived surface soils from Central Germany: Influence of mineral phase variables     

Maren Kahle  Markus Kleber  Reinhold Jahn 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2002,165(2):141-149

The influence of the soil mineral phase on organic matter storage was studied in loess derived surface soils of Central Germany. The seven soils were developed to different genetic stages. The carbon content of the bulk soils ranged from 8.7 to 19.7 g kg^—1. Clay mineralogy was confirmed to be constant, with illite contents > 80 %. Both, specific surface area (SSA, BET‐N₂‐method) and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of bulk soils after carbon removal were better predictors of carbon content than clay content or dithionite‐extractable iron. SSA explained 55 % and CEC 54 % of the variation in carbon content. The carbon loadings of the soils were between 0.57 and 1.06 mg C m^—2, and therefore in the ”︁monolayer equivalent” (ME) level. The increase in SSA after carbon removal (ΔSSA) was significantly and positively related to carbon content (r² = 0.77). Together with CEC of carbon‐free samples, ΔSSA explained 90 % of the variation in carbon content. Clay (< 2 μm) and fine silt fractions (2—6.3 μm) contained 68—82 % of the bulk soil organic carbon. A significantly positive relationship between carbon content in the clay fraction and in the bulk soil was observed (r² = 0.95). The carbon pools of the clay and fine silt fractions were characterized by differences in C/N ratio, δ¹³C ratio, and enrichment factors for carbon and nitrogen. Organic matter in clay fractions seems to be more altered by microbes than organic matter in fine silt fractions. The results imply that organic matter accumulates in the fractions of smallest size and highest surface area, apparently intimately associated with the mineral phase. The amount of cations adhering to the mineral surface and the size of a certain and specific part of the surface area (ΔSSA) are the mineral phase properties which affect the content of the organic carbon in loess derived arable surface soils in Central Germany most. There is no monolayer of organic matter on the soil surfaces even if carbon loadings are in the ME level.  相似文献   

Erratum to: Genetic diversity of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Patellifolia patellaris</Emphasis> from the Iberian Peninsula,a crop wild relative of cultivated beets     

Lothar Frese  Lorenz Bülow  Marion Nachtigall  María Luisa Rubio Teso  Maria Cristina Duarte  Elena Rey  José María Iriondo Alegría 《Euphytica》2017,213(9):218

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