Developing and implementing participatory and ecosystem based multiple use forest management planning approach (ETÇAP): Yalnızçam case study     

Emin Zeki Baskent  adan Bakaya  Salih Terziolu 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008,256(4):798-807

This paper explains the conceptual framework of ecosystem based multiple use forest management (ETÇAP) approach and its implementation in a case study area. The new management philosophy has four important pillars; integration of biodiversity conservation into forest management process, characterization and accommodation of multiple forest values, effective participation of stakeholders and the use of advanced information technologies and management science techniques. These components comprise a sound framework of a forest management planning system in Turkey as the ownership, land use policy, social structure and forest ecosystems are unique to the country. Among few implementation sites, some experiences from the case study area of Yanlızçam planning unit were documented to realize the performance of the concept. The liaison between the government institutions and major stakeholders is found necessary, and the effective use of geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) have been realized critically important to better communicate among stakeholders and generate precise database and the plan. The case study indicated that structured participation is an effective communication tool and has a better possibly to promote multiple use forest management rather than using participation as solo information gathering process. Primary challenges relate to the effectiveness of national conservation program, availability of coherent biodiversity data and adequacy of institutional capacity that involve awareness, training and common understanding of biodiversity and protected area concept; coordination among the related institutions and stakeholders, and willingness and enthusiasm of authorities to accept and implement the concept.  相似文献   

The mechanism and/or prediction of the breaking elongation of polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns     

Oğuz Demiryürek  Erdem Koç 《Fibers and Polymers》2009,10(5):694-702

In this study, an analysis on the breaking elongation mechanism of the polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns has been carried out. In addition, a back propagation multi layer perceptron (MLP) network and a mixture process crossed regression model with two mixture components (polyester and viscose blend ratios) and two process variables (yarn count and rotor speed) are developed to predict the breaking elongation of polyester/viscose blended open-end rotor spun yarns. Seven different blend ratios of polyester/viscose slivers are produced and these slivers are manufactured with four different rotor speed and four different yarn counts in rotor spinning machine. In conclusion, ANN and statistical model both have given satisfactory predictions; however, the predictions of ANN gave relatively more reliable results than those of statistical models. Since the prediction capacity of statistical models is also obtained as satisfactory, it can also be used for breaking elongation (%) prediction of yarns because of its simplicity and non-complex structure. In addition, it is also found in this study that yarn count, rotor speed and breaking elongation of polyester-viscose fibers and the blend ratios of these fibers in the yarn have major effects on yarn breaking elongation.  相似文献   

定点屠宰场生猪的检疫技术     

杜景凤  陆德社 《中国动物检疫》2000,17(1):28-29

笔者根据定点屠宰场生猪检疫试述定点屠宰场生猪的检疫技术,供同行参考。1宰前检疫通过宰前检疫可以及早发现患病生猪,及时剔出处理,以避免混入正常屠宰加工过程,不致造成污染和引起疫病传播。1．1查证验物对受检的生猪,首先要查动物防疫机构签发的检疫证明、运载工具消毒证明和非疫区证明,然后核对生猪头数,了解运输途中及进场后有无病死,若发生及时处理。1．2检疫方法幸前检疫通常采用两种方法,一是群体观察;二是个体检查。1．2．1群体观察检疫时,对同一批待宰生猪按静态、动态、食欲状态的顺序,观察比较,把有病的剔出来。1…  相似文献   

棘球蚴病的危害及防制     

马卫平  阿不都拉  陆松明  潘颖华  阿不力克木 《中国动物检疫》2000,(5):34-34

棘球蚴病又名包虫病,是由棘球绦虫和幼虫-棘球蚴寄生在动物和人的肝脏及其他器官中引起的一种人畜共患的寄生虫病。1包虫病的危害我区的绵羊、山羊、猪、骆驼以及人都有不同程度的发生和感染,其中以绵羊感染最严重,感染率平均在50％左右。感染无明显的季节变化,但感染率随羊只的年龄增长而加大,成年羊感染率高达602％以上,老龄羊只几乎无一幸免。从感染强度来看,在剖检的绵羊中,轻度感染时,在肝或肺上有1个一2个棘球蚴,中等感染时有7个～8个,严重时,一只羊肝脏上寄生的包虫囊数目可达百余个,甚至几百个,包囊大小不等,大的象…  相似文献   

Topical and residual toxicity of six pesticides to <Emphasis Type="BoldItalic">Orius majusculus</Emphasis>     

Fatih Dağlı  Şerife Ünal Bahşi 《Phytoparasitica》2009,37(5):399-405

The toxicity of six pesticides (four insecticides and two fungicides) to Orius majusculus (Reuter) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) adults and nymphs was determined using different exposure methods. Mortality upon topical exposure to abamectin, endosulfan and spinosad at recommended field doses ranged from 56% to 100% after 24 h. However, in leaf residue tests, toxicity to both life stages decreased significantly, ranging from 0% to 33% mortality. Benomyl and copper salts + mancozeb (fungicides) were much less toxic to O. majusculus, with less than 15% mortality of either adults or nymphs in topical and residue bioassays. In persistent toxicity tests, insects were exposed to the same three insecticides for 4 days; mortality varied from 38% to 100%. Egg hatching was not significantly affected when abamectin, endosulfan and spinosad were topically applied. Number of eggs laid per female in choice and no-choice tests did not differ significantly from the control. The insecticides did not show considerable repellent effect in the choice tests. Topical, residue and systemic uptake methods were also compared to determine the differences in the toxicity levels of imidacloprid, a systemic insecticide. However, 100% mortality occurred with all methods.  相似文献   

In vitro and in vivo effects of some pesticides on glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme activity from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) erythrocytes     

Murat entürk  Saltuk Burahan Ceyhun  Orhan Erdoan   mer &#x;rfan Küfreviolu 《Pesticide biochemistry and physiology》2009,95(2):95-99

We investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of some pesticides on rainbow trout erythrocyte glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme. The enzyme was purified 1691-fold with a specific activity of 16.235 U/mg protein and a yield of 63%. Cypermethrin, and propoxur inhibited glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme in vitro and deltamethrin inhibited both in vivo and in vitro. The obtained IC₅₀ values for deltamethrin, cypermethrin, and propoxur were 0.63, 1.02, and 12 mM, respectively. The activity of the control was determined as 5.17 ± 0.62 U/g Hb in in vivo studies. The enzyme activities of the groups treated with 0.25 g/L deltamethrin were measured at 6, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, and found to be 4.32 ± 0.47, 3.57 ± 0.39, 3.47 ± 0.45, 2.86 ± 0.37, and 2.31 ± 0.32 U/g Hb. In vivo experiments showed that deltamethrin significantly inhibited the G6PD enzyme activity after the 48th h (p < 0.05).  相似文献   

温郁金连作中主要病虫害及防治技术     

徐杰  洪高炉  吴志刚 《现代农业科学》2008,(12):77-78

针对中药材温郁金连作过程中出现的病虫害进行调查研究,提出了科学防治关键技术,为温郁金规范化种植(GAP)的生产实践操作规程(SOP)提供技术资料。  相似文献   

炭疽沉淀反应在牛皮检疫中的应用     

刘腾声  郭向礼  陆建雄  柒铁平  黎羽兴  陈永霖 《中国动物检疫》2000,17(6):38-38

广西桂平市地处亚热带,全年气候温和,雨温充沛,水草丰盛,极易发展养牛业。近几年年末存栏牛达16万多头,每年屠宰1万多头,每年都有大量牛皮出口。根据国家有关规定“皮张作炭疽沉淀反应,结果为阴性”,方可开具产地检疫证明。为此,我们每年对运出市外的牛皮,在实验室做了牛皮炭疽沉淀反应,从1992年2月24日至1999年3月31日,共检牛皮达51323张。现将做法介绍如下：1材料与方法1．1牛皮抗原液的制备1．1．1栋样用半自动栋皮器在每张牛皮腿部或腋下边缘部位,大的皮张取1g,小的取0．5g重样皮一块,放进容器内,样皮容器每100个为一盒…  相似文献   

太平洋牡蛎2龄贝的生长     

王志松  孙景伟  刘忠颖  李大成  王军  王笑月  隋锡林  刘璐 《水产科学》2000,19(6):17-18

通过１９９８扑３月 １２月对太平洋牡蛎２龄贝生长进行测定得出：壳高在４～６月初生长最快;７月、１２月为出肉率最高时期;７月末８月初为２龄贝产卵期。  相似文献   

Studies on Selective Uptake Behavior of Hg(II) and Pb(II) by Functionalized Poly(Ethylene Terephthalate) Fiber with 4-Vinyl Pyridine/2-Hydroxyethylmethacrylate     

Zülfikar Temoçin  Mustafa Yiğitoğlu 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2010,210(1-4):463-472

The adsorption behavior of 4-vinyl pyridine and 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate grafted poly(ethylene terephthalate) fiber toward the Hg(II) and Pb(II) ions in aqueous solutions was studied by a batch equilibration technique. The influence of the treatment time was considered as well as the pH of the solution, the initial metal ions concentration, the graft yield, and the temperature. Such parameters as the adsorption kinetics, the adsorption isotherm, and the desorption time were further studied. Maximum adsorption occurred at pH 3 and pH 6 for Hg(II) and Pb(II), respectively. The adsorption kinetics followed the mechanism of the pseudo-second-order equation for heavy metal ions. The adsorption data is a good fit with Freundlich isotherm. Desorption studies indicated that the maximum percent recovery of Hg(II) and Pb(II) was 93.4% and 76.3%, respectively with 1 M HNO₃.  相似文献