Anatomic variations and degenerative changes in the collateral cartilages and middle and distal phalanges of the forelimb in Ardenner colts     

Jean-Philippe Lejeune DVM  Fabrice Audigie DVM  PhD  Nicole Schneider DVM  Dominique Duvivier DVM  PhD  Jackie Tapprest DVM  Jean-Marie Denoix DVM  PhD  Didier Serteyn DVM  PhD   《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2006,26(3):102-112

The anatomic variations and the degenerative changes in the collateral cartilages and middle and distal phalanges in 6 Ardenner colts were characterized by radiography, scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The radiographic changes were assessed between the ages of 16.5 and 25 months. An anatomic variation of the middle and distal phalanges was demonstrated in some of the colts. MRI examination of the 6 colts revealed an association between the deep digital flexor tendon cross-sectional area and body weight as well as foot circumference. Also, a thin collateral sesamoidean (suspensory navicular) ligament was observed subjectively. The presence of an extensive ossification of the collateral cartilages of the foot was found in these young horses. The ossification was characterized by the existence of 2 separate ossification centers, which had a tendency to unite. The radiographic interphalangeal degenerative lesions seen appear as bone remodeling of the dorsal edges of the middle and distal phalanx, on the insertion sites of collateral ligaments of the distal interphalangeal joint, the digital extensor tendon, and the distal interphalangeal joint capsule.  相似文献   

Preface     

Sren O. Petersen  Sven G. Sommer  Fabrice Bline 《Livestock Science》2007,112(3):179

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The innate immune response of equine bronchial epithelial cells is altered by training     

Linda Frellstedt  Philippe Gosset  Gwenola Kervoaze  Aymeric Hans  Christophe Desmet  Dimitri Pirottin  Fabrice Bureau  Pierre Lekeux  Tatiana Art 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)

Respiratory diseases, including inflammatory airway disease (IAD), viral and bacterial infections, are common problems in exercising horses. The airway epithelium constitutes a major physical barrier against airborne infections and plays an essential role in the lung innate immune response mainly through toll-like receptor (TLR) activation. The aim of this study was to develop a model for the culture of equine bronchial epithelial cells (EBEC) in vitro and to explore EBEC innate immune responses in trained horses. Bronchial epithelial biopsies were taken from 6 adult horses during lower airway endoscopy. EBEC were grown in vitro by an explant method. The innate immune response of EBEC was evaluated in vitro by treatment with TLR ligands. TLR3 is the most strongly expressed TLR at the mRNA level in EBEC and stimulation of EBEC with Poly(I:C), an analog of viral dsRNA, triggers a strong secretion of IFN-β, TNF-α, IL-6 and CXCL8. We further evaluated the EBEC innate immune response in horses that underwent a 4-month-training program. While training had no effect on TLR mRNA expression in EBEC as well as in bronchial biopsies, it increased the production of IFN-β after stimulation with a TLR3 ligand and decreased the secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 after stimulation with a TLR2 and TLR3 ligand. These findings may be implicated in the increased risk for viral and bacterial infections observed in sport horses. Altogether, we report a successful model for the culture of EBEC that can be applied to the investigation of pathophysiologic conditions in longitudinal studies.  相似文献   

Laryngoplasty in Standing Horses          下载免费PDF全文

Fabrice Rossignol DVM  Dipl EVCS  Amélie Vitte DVM  Josef Boening DVM  Dipl ECVS  Michael Maher DVM  Antoine Lechartier DVM  Olivier Brandenberger DVM  Manuel Martin‐Flores DVM  Dipl ACVA  Hayley Lang DVM  Wade Walker DVM  Norm G. Ducharme DVM  Dipl ACVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(3):341-347

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Laparoscopic hernioplasty in recumbent horses using transposition of a peritoneal flap     

Rossignol F  Perrin R  Boening KJ 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2007,36(6):557-562

Objective— To evaluate the efficacy of a laparoscopic peritoneal flap hernioplasty (PFH) to close anatomically the vaginal ring and to evaluate its protective effect in horses with a history of strangulated inguinal hernia (SIH) against future herniation.
Study Design— Prospective study.
Animals— A first group of 5 ponies, 3 horses and 1 donkey with no history of SIH and a second group of 4 horses 'clinical cases' with a history of SIH.
Methods— A laparoscopic PFH was effected on all horses under general anaesthesia. Peritoneum ventro-lateral to the vaginal ring was elevated and cut on 3 sides, separated from the underlying muscle, then inverted and attached dorso-medially and laterally to the parietal wall using intra-corporeal stitches (6 cases) or laparoscopic staples (7 cases). Animals of the first group (n=9) underwent a standing laparoscopy 7 days post-operatively to visualize the vaginal rings. Horses of the second group were followed to confirm the absence of re-herniation.
Results— The laparoscopic check-up showed that the vaginal ring had been effectively and completely covered in all cases except the first one. No adhesions was observed. In the four clinical cases, none of the horses have had a reccurence of SIH at the time of writing (6 months to 4 years).
Conclusion— Laparoscopic hernioplasty on a recumbent horse is feasible by closing the vaginal ring with a peritoneal flap. This technique was efficient in our cases to prevent recurrence of SIH but more cases are needed. This technique may reduce inflammation and irritation of the spermatic cord, which could otherwise jeopardise the animal's breeding career.
Clinical Relevance— Laparoscopic PFH coud be used in horses with a history of SIH.  相似文献   

Horizontal gene transfer of atrazine-degrading genes (atz) from Agrobacterium tumefaciens St96-4 pADP1::Tn5 to bacteria of maize-cultivated soil     

Devers M  Henry S  Hartmann A  Martin-Laurent F 《Pest management science》2005,61(9):870-880

The plasmid pADP1::Tn5 derived from pADP1[Atr+] carrying a Tn5 transposon conferring kanamycin and streptomycin resistances was constructed and introduced in Agrobacterium tumefaciens St96-4. This genetically modified strain was inoculated (approximately 10(8) cfu g(-1)) in potted soils planted with maize and treated or not with atrazine (1.5 mg kg(-1)). Bulk and maize rhizosphere soils were sampled 39 days after planting to look for soil indigenous bacteria that had acquired pADP1::Tn5. Four transconjugants were isolated from four different soil samples. The estimated transfer frequency of pADP1::Tn5 was 10(-4) per donor. Maize rhizosphere and atrazine treatment had no obvious effect on pADP1::Tn5 transfer frequency. The sequencing of the 16S rDNA sequences of the transconjugants revealed that they were almost identical and highly similar to that of Variovorax spp (97%). In addition, their characterization suggested that the atzA and atzB genes had been transferred from pADP1::Tn5 to the bacterial chromosome in two of the four transconjugants. These data suggest that the atz degrading genes are horizontally transferred in soil and possibly subjected to gene rearrangement.  相似文献   

Degradation of simazine by microorganisms isolated from soils of Spanish olive fields     

Santiago-Mora R  Martin-Laurent F  de Prado R  Franco AR 《Pest management science》2005,61(9):917-921

The capability of the microbial flora isolated from an olive field soil from Andalusia to mineralize simazine has been analyzed. From this soil, a group of bacteria capable of degrading 60 mg simazine litre(-1) in less than a week has been isolated. These microorganisms showed a low capacity for degrading this herbicide to carbon dioxide. When total DNA was isolated from this group of bacteria, we were able to detect by PCR the presence of only the atzC and the trzN genes. Some components of this bacterial population have been identified by sequencing of specific fragments from bacterial 16S rDNA, including Variovorax sp, Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana Thierry et al, Acidovorax sp and Methylopila capsulata Doronina et al. These data suggest that this consortium of bacteria performs an incomplete degradation of the simazine  相似文献   

Impact of maize mucilage on atrazine mineralization and atzC abundance     

López-Gutiérrez JC  Philippot L  Martin-Laurent F 《Pest management science》2005,61(9):838-844

Soil was amended with maize mucilage, a major rhizodeposit, to study its role on the number of culturable soil micro-organisms, the structure of the bacterial community, atrazine mineralization and atzC abundance. The maximal percentage of atrazine mineralization was lower for mucilage-amended than for water-amended soil. Total culturable soil bacteria and 16S rDNA copy number, measured by RT-PCR, presented similar values and were not significantly (P < 0.05) different among treatments. Mucilage applied at a rate of 70 microg C g(-1) dry soil day(-1) over two weeks did not modify the abundance of the total soil microflora. Global structure of soil bacterial communities revealed by RISA analysis was not modified by maize mucilage amendment. Abundance of atzC sequence was only augmented by mucilage addition at the beginning of the experiment. However, this increase was not sustainable in time, as atzC copy number increased in water-amended soil which, in turn, corresponded with the higher percentage of atrazine mineralization observed in this soil. Maize mucilage amendment alone contributed only to minor changes in the atrazine-degrading community in the studied soil.  相似文献   

The ‘habitat backbone’ as strategy to conserve pioneer species in dynamic port habitats: lessons from the natterjack toad (Bufo calamita) in the Port of Antwerp (Belgium)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Robbert P. H. Snep  Fabrice G. W. A. Ottburg 《Landscape Ecology》2008,23(10):1277-1289

Biodiversity conservation in economic areas like ports has recently become more important in the European Union due to a stricter interpretation of nature protection laws. In this study we develop a planning and design strategy—the ‘habitat backbone’—with which to support the long-term survival of pioneer species that occur in ports and have low dispersal abilities. For those species, long-term survival in port areas is uncertain because supply of their habitats (on vacant lots) is capricious and depends on land use dynamics. By gaining knowledge about spatial and temporal characteristics of these dynamics we were able to develop a solution to conserve such species. Our solution is based on the creation of permanent habitat—defined as a ‘backbone’—on (semi-) public land with an overall carrying capacity sufficient to support persistent populations. This best ensures long-term survival, and the backbone may also act as refugium. Satellite populations that emerge on adjacent vacant lots will thereby add to the persistence of the overall metapopulation. Management of permanent habitat is focused on retaining early-successional stages of vegetation. Implementing this strategy in the case of the natterjack toad in the Port of Antwerp taught us that realization of a habitat backbone is possible only if landowners, local governments and environmental NGOs cooperate. In the case at hand, such cooperation resulted in a plan that should ensure a coherent and persistent habitat network in which a chorus of some 1,400 natterjack toads could be accommodated—more than the number of toads currently observed. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.  相似文献   

Congenital lacrimal fistula in two prim'Holstein calves     

Sophie Jugant  Marie‐Claire Robin  Alain Regnier  Herv Cassard  Nicolas Herman  Fabrice Conchou  Jean‐Yves Douet 《Veterinary ophthalmology》2019,22(3):368-373

Two 4‐ and 8‐month‐old prim'Holstein calves were presented for chronic epiphora. Examination of the affected eyes revealed an abnormal duct opening inferonasal to the medial canthus. A diagnosis of congenital lacrimal fistula was made based on conventional and computed tomographic‐dacryocystography findings. These revealed an ectopic channel connecting the nasolacrimal duct to the skin opening near the medial canthus. Both of the calves were surgically treated with resection and closure of the ectopic duct and placement of a nasolacrimal stent.  相似文献