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Tiengo A Motta EM Netto FM 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2011,66(4):370-375
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the greatest cause of mortality in the world, and dislipidemia is appearing as one of
the most important risk factors. The binding of bile acids (BAs) has been hypothesized as a possible mechanism by which dietary
fibers lower blood cholesterol levels. Besides the fibers, other components in the amaranth seeds may be related to this hypocholesterolemic
effect. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the BA binding capacity of some products obtained from defatted
amaranth flour (DAF) and from the amaranth protein concentrate (APC). The alkaline residue, rich in fibers (8.6%), presented
the lowest binding activity for the BAs tested, with the exception of glycocholic acid. The DAF showed intermediary binding
activity for all the BAs tested, although similar to that of the APC for deoxycholic acid, and to that of the amaranth protein
hydrolysate (APH) for taurocholic acid. The DAF and APC showed binding activity for secondary bile acids toxic to the intestinal
mucus. From the results, amaranth products were shown to have the ability to bind BAs, but it was not possible to affirm whether
the main component responsible for this activity was the proteins, fibers or eventually some other non-evaluated component. 相似文献
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Riccardo Izzo Flavia Navari‐Izzo Mike F. Quartacci 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1175-1193
Abstract The effects of polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions of increasing osmotic potentials (ψπ=?0.44 and ‐0.88 MPa) on the growth of the seedlings and on the concentrations of Mn, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, Mo, Cr, Cl, Fe, Ca, Mg, K, Na, P, and N were determined in the shoots and roots of maize (Zea mays L. cv. Summer II) grown in Hoagland's solution in a growth chamber. Water stress was imposed for three days with PEG 4000 on six‐day‐old seedlings. Despite a reduction in the leaf water potential (ψw), which decreased with increasing PEG concentrations, and despite an increase in the water saturation deficit (W.S.D.), the pressure potentials (ψp) were maintained in both treatments at levels quite similar to that in the control seedlings. At ψπ=?0.44 MPa of the growth medium, both the length and dry weight of the shoots and roots significantly decreased, whereas at ψπ=?0.88 MPa only the root length continued to decrease with the consequence of an increase in the total mass production of the seedlings. At ψπ=?0.88 MPa, PEG was absorbed by the seedlings in significant amounts, although the roots were undamaged. The effects of the imposed water stress on nutrient absorption and accumulation differed in the two treatments, depending on the plant tissue and nutrient; nevertheless, the element contents generally showed their lowest values at ψπ=?0.44 MPa, as consequence of the reduction in dry matter. The water stress experienced by the maize seedlings grown at ψπ=?0.88 MPa did not induce further decreases in either the macro‐ or micronutrients. 相似文献
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Sgherri C Kadlecová Z Pardossi A Navari-Izzo F Izzo R 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2008,56(9):3391-3397
The aim of this study was to assess whether the nutritional value of cherry tomato can be improved by irrigating plants with diluted seawater (12%; EC = 10 mS/cm in comparison with a control at EC = 4 mS/cm). Berries of cherry tomato cv. Naomi were analyzed at the red-ripe stage for the contents of NADPH and NADP+ as well as for the amounts of the main antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, lipoic acid, tocopherols, and phenolic acids. As compared to the controls, the fruits of salt-treated plants showed a higher titratable acidity and a higher concentration of reducing sugars. The fruits picked from tomato plants irrigated with diluted seawater produced berries characterized by a higher nutritional value. Following salinity, berries showed higher amounts of vitamin C, vitamin E, dihydrolipoic acid, and chlorogenic acid. It was hypothesized that protocatechuic, vanillic, caffeic, and ferulic acids were utilized to counteract the damaging effects of salinity-induced oxidative stress, allowing tomato fruits to maintain a high reduced status even following salinization. 相似文献
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Deila M. dos S. Botelho Mário L. V. de Resende Vinícius T. Andrade Antônio A. Pereira Flavia R. A. Patricio Pedro M. R. Junior Claudio Ogoshi Juliana C. de Rezende 《Euphytica》2017,213(6):117
Cercosporiosis, or brown eye spot, is currently one of the main diseases of the coffee tree. It is caused by Cercospora coffeicola Berk. & Cooke. Nevertheless, genetic resistance to this disease has not yet been explored in any depth. Our objectives (a) were evaluate the response of 124 accessions from the germplasm collection of the Minas Gerais State (GC), Brazil, and eight commercial cultivars of C. arabica to cercosporiosis and (b) determine the best way to perform early progenies selections via controlled greenhouse experiments. Three controlled greenhouse experiments (1–3) were run in different seasons to determine the best way to proceed the selection. The seedlings were inoculated with a four isolates mixture obtained from different regions. The experimental data were analyzed individually (1–3), in a joint analysis, and as repetitions of a randomized complete block design. In each analysis we estimated genetic parameters and E-BLUP (empirical best linear unbiased predictor) genotypic values of the access. There was genetic variability to C. coffeicola resistance among the coffee tree accessions germplasm collection. Therefore, genetic improvements could be obtained by selection. Experimental repetitions in different seasons increase the selection efficiency and reliability of resistant genotypes with low cercosporiosis severity. The genotype Sarchimor MG 8840 showed the highest resistance level followed by Guatenano and the Timor Hybrid UFV 377-34, Timor Hybrid UFV 376-14 BE 5, and Wush–Wush × Timor Hybrid UFV 366-08. 相似文献
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Aprea E Biasioli F Sani G Cantini C Märk TD Gasperi F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(20):7635-7640
Olive oil has been characterized by rapid proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometry (PTR-MS) headspace analysis without any concentration of the volatiles or pretreatment of the samples. Comparison of extra virgin and defective (rancid) samples, as described by a panel of sensory judges, and the monitoring of thermo-oxidation processes are discussed. Multivariate analysis of PTR-MS data has been carried out and cross-validated, providing (i) reliable classification models for extra virgin oil as opposed to defective oil and (ii) calibration models able to predict independently thermo-oxidative degradation and the corresponding peroxide value. PTR-MS fragmentation patterns of volatiles considered in this study are also reported. 相似文献
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Braconi D Sotgiu M Millucci L Paffetti A Tasso F Alisi C Martini S Rappuoli R Lusini P Sprocati AR Rossi C Santucci A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(8):3163-3172
Herbicides are released to the environment with potential ecotoxicological risks for mammals. Yeast is a good model to elucidate toxicity mechanisms. We investigated how three commercial herbicides (Proper Energy, Pointer, and Silglif) and their active ingredients (respectively, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, tribenuron methyl, and glyphosate) can affect biological activities of an oenological Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, which may be resident on grape vineyards of the same geographical areas where herbicides are used. The use of commercial grade herbicides employed in Italy allowed us to reproduce the same conditions applied in crops; at the same time, assaying pure single active compounds made it possible to compare the effects obtained with commercial formulations. Interestingly, we found that while pure active compounds affect cell growth and metabolism at a lower extent, commercial preparations have a significant major negative influence on yeast biology. 相似文献
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Tenório Mda S Oliveira e Sousa L Paix?o Mdos S Alves MF Paulan Sde C Lima FL Jusi MM Tasca KI Machado RZ Starke-Buzetti WA 《Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine》2011,42(4):608-616
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution. The crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous) is considered a wild reservoir of many zoonotical diseases, particularly VL. This study reported the presence of Leishmania infantum amastigotes in different organs of one captive C. thous found dead in a zoo. This animal was positive by the indirect fluorescence antibody test and had many clinical signs of VL. Intracellular amastigote forms of L. infantum were seen in neutrophils and macrophages in sample tissues from skin, lymph nodes (popliteal, submandibular, prescapular, and mesenteric), spleen, and liver. The numbers of positive cells and intracellular parasites were higher in macrophages than in neutrophils. In addition, polymerase chain reaction demonstrated extensive distribution of Leishmania DNA in C. thous tissues from multiple organs. The presence of intracellular amastigotes in neutrophils and macrophages as well as DNA of the parasite in tissues, specifically skin demonstrate that this crab-eating fox is an adequate host for L. infantum and reinforce the importance of VL for symptomatic wild canids kept in captivity in endemic areas. 相似文献