Avian reovirus replication in mononuclear phagocytes in chicken footpad and spleen after footpad inoculation     

Yu San Chen  Pin Chun Shen  Bor Sheu Su  Tsung Ching Liu  Cheng Chung Lin  Long Huw Lee 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2015,79(2):87-94

Circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages were suggested to be susceptible to avian reovirus (ARV) infection. To determine if ARV infects and replicates in mononuclear phagocytes (KUL01-positive cells), we infected 3-day-old specific-pathogen-free chickens with ARV strain 2408 by inoculation of the left footpad. The left footpads and spleens were collected for analysis at 1.5 and 2.5 d after inoculation. Replication of ARV in the footpad and spleen was demonstrated by detection of the viral protein σNS using immunohistochemical testing and viral S1 RNA expression by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Furthermore, immunofluorescent double-staining assay of cytocentrifuged cells and cryosections of the footpad and spleen for the viral protein σNS and the surface marker recognized by monoclonal antibody (MAb) KUL01 indicated that KUL01-positive cells costained with MAb H1E1, which recognizes ARV protein σNS. In addition, more ARV S1 RNA was measured by qPCR in the KUL01-positive cell samples prepared from the footpad or spleen 1.5 d after inoculation compared with non-KUL01-positive cell samples. The amounts of ARV S1 RNA in the spleen were significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the amounts in the footpad 1.5 d after inoculation. The results suggest that ARV infects mononuclear phagocytes and then replicates within these cells before migrating to the spleen, where it infects and replicates in KUL01-positive cells.  相似文献   

Effects of termiticide exposure on mutual interactions between the treated and untreated workers of the Asian subterranean termite Coptotermes gestroi     

Ching‐Chen Lee  Chow‐Yang Lee 《Pest management science》2014,70(2):240-244

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Characterization of chicken melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) from alternative translation initiation     

Lee CC  Wu CC  Lin TL 《Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases》2012,35(4):335-343

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Isolation and characterization of the zebrafish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Danio rerio</Emphasis> insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 promoter region     

Ming Jun Chou  Jian Chyi Chen  Jyh Yih Chen  Hong Yi Gong  Li Tzu Li  Tzou Chi Huang  Jen Leih Wu  Ching Ming Kuo 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(1):153-166

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Histomorphometric comparison of measurements of trabecular bone remodeling in iliac crest biopsy sites and lumbar vertebrae in cats     

S V Ching  R W Norrdin 《American journal of veterinary research》1990,51(3):447-450

Trabecular bone remodeling values of the right and left iliac crest and lumbar vertebrae in cats were quantitated histomorphometrically and were compared. Healthy cats were given calcein (n = 2) or oxytetracycline (n = 2) twice for double-labeling of bone. Static and dynamic variables of bone resorption and formation were determined. Bone remodeling variables between right and left iliac crest were not significantly different (P less than 0.05). Significant differences (P less than or equal to 0.05) were not detected between values of iliac crest and lumbar vertebrae except in the percentage of osteoid surface. Percentage of osteoid surface was significantly (P less than or equal to 0.05) increased in the iliac crest compared with that in the vertebral body. Although not significantly different, values for bone formation were generally greater in the iliac crest than in the vertebral body. In healthy cats, values of trabecular bone remodeling were comparable between right and left iliac crest, and also were comparable between iliac crests and lumbar vertebrae.  相似文献   

Grain boundary strengthening in alumina by rare earth impurities     

Buban JP  Matsunaga K  Chen J  Shibata N  Ching WY  Yamamoto T  Ikuhara Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5758):212-215

Impurity doping often alters or improves the properties of materials. In alumina, grain boundaries play a key role in deformation mechanisms, particularly in the phenomenon of grain boundary sliding during creep at high temperatures. We elucidated the atomic-scale structure in alumina grain boundaries and its relationship to the suppression of creep upon doping with yttrium by using atomic resolution microscopy and high-precision calculations. We find that the yttrium segregates to very localized regions along the grain boundary and alters the local bonding environment, thereby strengthening the boundary against mechanical creep.  相似文献   

Genetic improvement in the presence of genotype by environment interaction   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Ching Y. LIN  Kenji TOGASHI 《Animal Science Journal》2002,73(1):3-11

Although the underlying mechanisms for triggering genotype–environment (GE) interaction are poorly understood, the potential impacts of GE interaction on genetic improvement are well recognized. Genotype–environment interaction may be classified into three levels: breed, individual and gene–environment interactions. Three measures of GE interaction (genetic correlation, interaction correlation, and commonality of individuals selected between environments) are discussed. Three options are currently available to deal with GE interaction: environmental, breeding and marker‐assisted approaches. Three possible selection strategies for improving global net merit were outlined: (i) selection of a specific genotype for each environment; (ii) selection in a single environment alone for overall response across environments; and (iii) global optimum index selection for high stability and average performance across environments. Global optimum index should be the method of choice from the standpoint of global marketing. Because of the complexity of GE interaction, it is impossible to develop a general strategy to deal with different types of GE interaction. Each type of interaction requires its own solution, depending upon a combination of the following six factors: (i) the intensity of GE interaction; (ii) relative economic weights among environments; (iii) the size of environments; (iv) the nature of environments; (v) the nature of GE interaction; and (vi) selection intensity. Profitability is a major concern in animal production. Extra genetic gain does not necessarily mean extra profit. Does additional genetic gain justify the associated costs of dealing with GE interaction? This is a fundamental issue that needs to be considered before a specific breeding strategy for GE interaction is developed.  相似文献   

玉米种植方式研究   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

范福仁  莫惠栋  秦泰辰  胡雪华  吴一民 《作物学报》1963,2(4):399-410

在11个玉米种植方式试验中,研究了同等密度下,每穴株数不同、行距不同、营养面积的形状不同的效应。发现各种种植方式的产量和性状虽有一定差异,但一般多不够显著。  相似文献   

Kynurenine 3‐monooxygenase (KMO), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression is involved in tumour proliferation and predicts poor survival in canine melanoma     

I‐Li Liu  Ting‐Fang Chung  Wei‐Hsiang Huang  Chia‐Hui Hsu  Cheng‐Chi Liu  Yi‐Han Chiu  Kuo‐Chin Huang  Albert Tai‐Ching Liao  Chen‐Si Lin 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2021,19(1):79-91

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Extract of lotus leaf ( Nelumbo nucifera ) and its active constituent catechin with insulin secretagogue activity     

Huang CF  Chen YW  Yang CY  Lin HY  Way TD  Chiang W  Liu SH 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2011,59(4):1087-1094

The effect of lotus leaf ( Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) on diabetes is unclear. We hypothesized that lotus leaf can regulate insulin secretion and blood glucose levels. The in vitro and in vivo effects of lotus leaf methanolic extract (NNE) on insulin secretion and hyperglycemia were investigated. NNE increased insulin secretion from β cells (HIT-T15) and human islets. NNE enhanced the intracellular calcium levels in β cells. NNE could also enhance phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK)1/2 and protein kinase C (PKC), which could be reversed by a PKC inhibitor. The in vivo studies showed that NNE possesses the ability to regulate blood glucose levels in fasted normal mice and high-fat-diet-induced diabetic mice. Furthermore, the in vitro and in vivo effects of the active constituents of NNE, quercetin, and catechin, on glucose-induced insulin secretion and blood glucose regulation were evaluated. Quercetin did not affect insulin secretion, but catechin significantly and dose-dependently enhanced insulin secretion. Orally administered catechin significantly reversed the glucose intolerance in high-fat-diet-induced diabetic mice. These findings suggest that NNE and its active constituent catechin are useful in the control of hyperglycemia in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus through their action as insulin secretagogues.  相似文献