Natural spawning,embryonic and larval development of F2 hybrid grouper,tiger grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus  × giant grouper E. lanceolatus     

Fui Fui Ching  Norazmi Othman  Azaharie Anuar  Rossita Shapawi  Shigeharu Senoo 《International Aquatic Research》2018,10(4):391-402

This study aims to reveal the first report of the natural spawning of F1 hybrid grouper (TGGG), a crossbreed between the tiger grouper, Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × giant grouper, E. lanceolatus, since its first production in 2006. This marks the completion of its full cycle after a 10-year period. In order to establish a seed rearing protocol for a novel F2 hybrid TGGG, natural spawning, embryonic and larval developments were thoroughly observed. Five batches of natural spawning were recorded with an average of 1.50–15.3 kg eggs collected, while fertilization and hatching rates were recorded at 85.3–97.6%, and 63.0–98.3%, respectively. F2 larvae hatched out at 17:50 hours with an average body size of 1.74 ± 0.01 mm, and a yolk sac volume of 0.85 ± 0.197 mm3. The first feeding was initiated 3 days after hatching, which coincided with the onset of functional feeding apparatus and active swimming behavior. Larval dorsal and pelvic spines were formed at 6 days AH coupled with dynamic feeding activity, as more food was found in the digestive tract. Meanwhile, the F2 hybrid grouper shifted habitat from pelagic to benthic as early as 25 days AH, and entered a juvenile stage at 35 days AH, attaining a skin coloration similar to that of the F1 juvenile. This study concluded that naturally spawned eggs of F2 hybrid TGGG were exceptionally high in quality, although larvae were small and fragile, and performed vigorous feeding activities and cannibalistic behavior. Thus, these findings can serve as primary data to further develop the optimal rearing protocol to enhance the overall rearing performance.  相似文献   

Systemic nocardiosis in a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus).     

Vimala Vemireddi  Alok Sharma  Ching Ching Wu  Tsang Long Lin 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2007,19(3):326-329

Systemic infection by Nocardia asteroides was diagnosed in a reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus). At necropsy, the animal had enlarged tracheobronchial lymph nodes, pleural and peritoneal effusions, and numerous, multifocal to coalescing, yellow, firm nodules with inspissated pus in the lung, pleura, omentum, liver, heart, adrenal glands, and left kidney. Microscopically, the nodules consisted of foci of pyogranulomatous inflammation. Microscopic lesions were present in the grossly affected organs as well as spleen and brain. Sections stained with Gram and modified Fite-Faraco histochemical stains had numerous gram-positive, variably acid fast, beaded and branching filamentous organisms in the necrotic centers. N. asteroides was isolated from the lung, bronchial lymph nodes, liver, and left kidney. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of systemic N. asteroides infection in a reindeer.  相似文献   

Reference intervals for hematology,serum biochemistry,and basic clinical findings in free‐ranging Chinese Pangolin (Manis pentadactyla) from Taiwan          下载免费PDF全文

Rupak Khatri‐Chhetri  Ching‐Min Sun  Hung‐Yi Wu  Kurtis Jai‐Chyi Pei 《Veterinary clinical pathology / American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology》2015,44(3):380-390

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Molecular detection and differentiation of infectious bursal disease virus   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

Wu CC  Rubinelli P  Lin TL 《Avian diseases》2007,51(2):515-526

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Evaluation of environmental risk factors for leptospirosis in dogs: 36 cases (1997-2002)     

Ward MP  Guptill LF  Wu CC 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,225(1):72-77

OBJECTIVE: To identify environmental risk factors for leptospirosis. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: 36 dogs with leptospirosis and 138 dogs seronegative for leptospirosis as determined by microscopic agglutination test for antibodies against Leptospira spp. PROCEDURES: Medical records of dogs evaluated for leptospirosis from 1997 though 2002 were identified. Owner address was used to geocode locations of dogs, and location-specific environmental risk factor data were obtained by use of a geographic information system. Risk of leptospirosis was estimated by odds ratios, controlling for potential confounding by dog age, sex, and breed. RESULTS: Leptospirosis in 19 of the 30 dogs in which an infecting Leptospira serovar could be identified was associated with Leptospira kirschneri serovar grippotyphosa infection. Dogs in which a diagnosis of leptospirosis was made, and dogs with leptospirosis caused by L kirschneri serovar grippotyphosa, were more likely to have addresses located in areas classified as rural in 1990 but urban in 2000. By use of information on recent urbanization and a logistic regression model, the status of 81.6% and 89.8% of dogs with leptospirosis and leptospirosis caused by serovar grippotyphosa, respectively, were correctly classified. Other environmental variables (proximity to streams, recreational areas, farmland, wetlands, areas subject to flooding, and areas with poor drainage; annual rainfall; and county cattle or pig population) did not significantly improve accuracy of classification. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Dogs in periurban areas are at greater risk of leptospirosis. Vaccination of dogs in these areas to protect against leptospirosis should be considered.  相似文献   

Effects of different forages on the chemical compositions and antiosteoporotic activities of velvet antlers          下载免费PDF全文

Sung‐Hui Tseng  Lih‐Geeng Chen  Ying‐Jang Lai  Kun‐Teng Wang  Ching‐Chiung Wang 《Animal Science Journal》2016,87(8):989-996

For this study, we aimed to assess the dose–response antiosteoporotic effects of the middle section of velvet antlers (VAs) from sika deers (Cervus nippon) fed with different types of fodders. VAs prepared from farmed sika deers fed with feed mixtures containing sorghum distillery residue (VA‐SDR) or without SDR (SDR replaced with hay, VA‐Hay) were divided into upper (VAU), middle (VAM) and basal (VAB) sections. The chemical constituents of the middle sections obtained from each VA type were compared, and their antiosteoporotic activities were evaluated using rats with ovaries removed surgically (ovariectomy, OVX). The VA‐Hay exhibited markedly increased iron and cysteine levels, whereas the VA‐SDR exhibited markedly increased level of alcoholic extract and testosterone. Both VA‐Hay‐ and VA‐SDR‐treated rats exhibited increased femur strength compared with the control group. However, VA‐SDR exhibited greater bone‐strengthening effects than did VA‐Hay. The serum osteocalcin and estradiol levels were significantly moderated in the VA‐Hay group alone. These results suggest that VA‐SDR and VA‐Hay prevent the loss of bone strength, and preserve trabecular architecture connectivity in an estrogen‐deficient state. However, differences in the chemical compositions of different forages may be responsible for the varying antiosteoporotic mechanisms observed. Thus, the addition of SDR in deer forage may enhance antiosteoporosis activity in VAs, and confer considerable economic and ecological benefits.  相似文献   

FT‐Raman Spectroscopy and Its Applications in Cereal Science     

Ching‐Yung Ma  David Lee Phillips 《Cereal Chemistry》2002,79(2):171-177

We present a brief introduction to FT‐Raman spectroscopy and examples of its use in cereal science for readers not familiar with Raman spectroscopy. We illustrate the use of FT‐Raman spectroscopy as an analytical tool to measure the degree of chemical modification of chemically modified starches and as a technique to determine conformational and structural changes in plant proteins under different environmental conditions. We briefly describe other applications of Raman spectroscopy in cereal science.  相似文献   

Stable isotope analysis reveals ontogenetic migration and the importance of a large mangrove estuary as a feeding ground for juvenile John’s snapper <Emphasis Type="Italic">Lutjanus johnii</Emphasis>     

Katsuhisa Tanaka  Yukio Hanamura  Ving Ching Chong  Satoshi Watanabe  Alias Man  Faizul Mohd Kassim  Masashi Kodama  Tadafumi Ichikawa 《Fisheries Science》2011,77(5):809-816

Stable carbon (δ¹³C) and nitrogen (δ¹⁵N) isotope ratios were measured to investigate the migration of John’s snapper Lutjanus johnii and its dependence on the food resources provided within the large Matang Mangrove Forest Reserve (40,151 ha), Malaysia. John’s snapper, and its main prey food such as penaeids, Acetes shrimps and mysids, showed generally depleted δ¹³C values in the inner mangrove area but more enriched values in the river mouth and coastal area. Some juveniles migrated into the inner mangrove areas, although they were also distributed near the river mouth areas. Isotopic signatures of snapper fish and prey reveal the ontogenetic migration of the youngest juvenile fish (<5 cm in total length) from the coastal area into the mangrove area, shifting their dependence from the coastal food web to the inner mangrove food web with their growth. The study shows the importance of the complex interconnected mangrove waterways and associated prey animals present in the large mangrove system to juvenile John’s snapper.  相似文献   

Effect of Excess Nickel on Starch Mobilization in Germinating Rice Grains     

Yu Ching Lin  Ching Huei Kao 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(8):1405-1412

The effect of excess nickel (as NiSO₄) on starch mobilization of rice (Oryza sativa L.) grains or dehulled rice grains during germination was investigated. Excess NiSO₄ had no effect on starch content and α-amylase activity in endosperm of germinating rice grains or germinating dehulled rice grains. Evidence is provided to show that the hull is a barrier against influx of Ni²⁺ to endosperm; endosperm per se is less effective in Ni²⁺ uptake; and α-amylase extracted from the endosperm of germinating rice grains is highly resistant to excess Ni²⁺.  相似文献   

Comparison of transvaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES®) and laparoscopy for elective bilateral ovariectomy in standing mares     

Pader K  Freeman LJ  Constable PD  Wu CC  Snyder PW  Lescun TB 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2011,40(8):998-1008

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