Book review: N. Litz,W. Wilcke und B. M. Wilke: Bodengefährdende Stoffe: Bewertung – Stoffdaten – Ökotoxikologie – Sanierung.     

E. Gert Dudel 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2005,168(2):278-278

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赤霉菌含毒素代谢物对小黑麦愈伤组织和胚芽生长的影响   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

柴守玺 《草业学报》2001,10(1):78-85

选用对赤霉病抗性水平不同的品种（系）和6个赤霉病菌株，采用双层培养技术，研究了赤霉菌含毒素代谢物对小黑麦愈伤组织和幼苗胚芽长度的影响。结果表明，和无毒素处理的对照相比，赤霉菌含毒素代谢物对愈伤组织生长有极显著或显著的抑制作用，而对幼苗胚芽生长有极显著或显著的刺激作用，田间对赤霉病（FHB）抗性差的品种分别受抑制程度最重和对刺激反应最迟纯。品种间、菌株间存在着极显著或显著差异，在幼苗胚芽长度上，发现品种和菌株间存在极显著的互作效应。分析后认为，在多菌株接种下，品种平均相对生长量（和对照相比）是一个更加可靠的抗性鉴定指标。  相似文献   

Protein design: quo vadis?     

Vriend G 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2004,306(5699):1135

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Dysostoses of the canine and feline appendicular skeleton     

Towle HA  Breur GJ 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2004,225(11):1685-1692

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Markers of bone metabolism in dog breeds of different size     

Breur GJ  Allen MJ  Carlson SJ  Richardson DC 《Research in veterinary science》2004,76(1):53-55

Serum and urinary markers of bone turnover may be of value in animals as noninvasive tools for determining the response of the skeleton to disease and injury. Although normal values for bone markers have been reported for the Beagle, concerns remain that breed to breed differences will complicate the interpretation of bone marker data in dogs. To explore this, we examined serum bone markers in two breeds of vastly different size, Pomeranians and Irish Wolfhounds. Our hypothesis was that serum concentrations of bone markers are similar in toy and giant dog breeds and fall within the same range as those reported for Beagles. Bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), respectively markers of bone formation and bone resorption, were measured in age matched Pomeranians (n=14) and Irish Wolfhounds (n=14). No statistically significant differences between the mean BALP and mean ICTP serum concentrations from Pomeranians and Irish Wolfhounds were found. All BALP and ICTP concentrations were within the reference range reported for Beagles. The results of this study suggest that serum BALP and ICTP concentrations in giant and toy breeds are the same as in Beagles and that these assays may be used for dogs of all sizes.  相似文献   

Structure and mechanism of the lantibiotic cyclase involved in nisin biosynthesis   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Li B  Yu JP  Brunzelle JS  Moll GN  van der Donk WA  Nair SK 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5766):1464-1467

Nisin is a posttranslationally modified antimicrobial peptide that is widely used as a food preservative. It contains five cyclic thioethers of varying sizes that are installed by a single enzyme, NisC. Reported here are the in vitro reconstitution of the cyclization process and the x-ray crystal structure of the NisC enzyme. The structure reveals similarities in fold and substrate activation with mammalian farnesyl transferases, suggesting that human homologs of NisC posttranslationally modify a cysteine of a protein substrate.  相似文献   

Cosmetic Reconstruction of a Nasal Plane and Rostral Nasal Skin Defect Using a Modified Nasal Rotation Flap in a Dog     

Gert ter Haar DVM PhD Diplomate ECVS  Sjef C. Buiks DVM  Jolle Kirpensteijn DVM PhD Diplomate ACVS & ECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2013,42(2):176-179

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Evaluation of Breeding Value and Selection of Bull Dams in the Danish Dairy Breeds: I. Studies on Realized Efficiency of Bull Dam and Bull Sire Selection     

Gert Aamand Pedersen  Lars Gjøl Christensen  Poul H. Petersen 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Sciences》2013,63(1):26-31

Abstract

The relationship between twice the adjusted daughter yield deviation (DYD) of the son and the average of the estimated breeding values (EBV) of his parents was investigated for milk and fat yield. Deviations from expectations of DYD minus the pedigree index and the regression of DYD on the EBV for each of the parents were estimated. The EBV of each bull dam was calculated in several ways using different combinations of pedigree information and their own records. In all, 1693 bulls (880 Black and White (BW), 418 Red Danish (RD) and 395 Danish Jersey (DJ)) with Direct Updating indices for milk and fat yield were included in the investigation. Mean discrepancies between estimated and observed genetic merit for kg of milk yield were ?348 for BW, ?213 for RD and ?228 for DJ, when all of the bull dams' individual records were utilized in breeding value estimation. The corresponding mean discrepancies for kg of fat yield were ?14.7, ?11.5 and ?11.9, respectively. The discrepancies were positively correlated with the number of lactation records included in the dams' EBVs. Regression coefficients of bull DYDs on bull dam breeding values were significantly lower than expected for RD and BW regardless of the number of individual lactation records included in the dams' indexes for milk and fat yield. For all three breeds, the regression coefficients were lowest for fat yield. The most probable cause of overestimation in bull dam EBVs is preferential treatment, particularly in second and later lactations. To avoid this bias, estimation of a bull dam's breeding value should be based on pedigree information and on records from only her first lactation.  相似文献   

Caudal articular process dysplasia of thoracic vertebrae in neurologically normal French bulldogs,English bulldogs,and Pugs: Prevalence and characteristics          下载免费PDF全文

Simon Bertram  Gert ter Haar  Steven De Decker 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2018,59(4):396-404

The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence and anatomical characteristics of thoracic caudal articular process dysplasia in French bulldogs, English bulldogs and Pugs presenting for problems unrelated to spinal disease. In this retrospective cross‐sectional study, computed tomography scans of the thoracic vertebral column of these three breeds were reviewed for the presence and location of caudal articular process hypoplasia and aplasia, and compared between breeds. A total of 271 dogs met the inclusion criteria: 108 French bulldogs, 63 English bulldogs, and 100 Pugs. A total of 70.4% of French bulldogs, 84.1% of English bulldogs, and 97.0% of Pugs showed evidence of caudal articular process dysplasia. Compared to French and English bulldogs, Pugs showed a significantly higher prevalence of caudal articular process aplasia, but also a lower prevalence of caudal articular process hypoplasia, a higher number of affected vertebrae per dog and demonstrated a generalized and bilateral spatial pattern more frequently. Furthermore, Pugs showed a significantly different anatomical distribution of caudal articular process dysplasia along the vertebral column, with a high prevalence of caudal articular process aplasia between T10 and T13. This area was almost completely spared in French and English bulldogs. As previously suggested, caudal articular process dysplasia is a common finding in neurologically normal Pugs but this also seems to apply to French and English bulldogs. The predisposition of clinically relevant caudal articular process dysplasia in Pugs is possibly not only caused by the higher prevalence of caudal articular process dysplasia, but also by breed specific anatomical characteristics.  相似文献   

A comparison of the effect of propofol and alfaxalone on laryngeal motion in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs     

Daisy Norgate  Gert Ter Haar  Nicola Kulendra  Kata Orsolya Veres-Nyéki 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2018,45(6):729-736

Objective

To compare the effect of propofol and alfaxalone on laryngeal motion under a light plane of anaesthesia in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs anaesthetized for nonemergency procedures.

Study design

Prospective, randomized clinical trial.

Animals

A total of 48 client-owned dogs (24 nonbrachycephalic and 24 brachycephalic).

Methods

A standardized premedication of methadone (0.2 mg kg^?1) and acepromazine (0.01 mg kg^?1) was administered intramuscularly. Dogs were randomly assigned to be induced with increments of propofol (1–4 mg kg^?1) or alfaxalone (0.5–2 mg kg^?1). Laryngeal assessment was performed under a light plane of anaesthesia by a surgeon (GTH) who was unaware of the induction protocol. Laryngeal movement was assessed as either being present when abduction of the laryngeal cartilages upon inspiration was identified, or absent when abduction was not recognized. Simultaneously, a 60-second video was recorded. The same surgeon (GTH) and an additional surgeon (NK) re-evaluated the videos 1 month later. Categorical comparisons were studied using Chi square and Fisher’s exact test where appropriate. Pairwise evaluation of agreement between scorers was undertaken with the kappa statistic (κ).

Results

There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) identified between the presence or absence of laryngeal motion between dogs administered propofol or alfaxalone, as well as when analysing nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs separately. The majority of dogs (>75%) maintained some degree of laryngeal motion with both protocols. Agreement between assessors was excellent (κ = 0.822).

Conclusions

Alfaxalone maintained laryngeal motion similarly to propofol in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs.

Clinical relevance

Both agents would appear appropriate for allowing assessment of laryngeal motion in nonbrachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs. The assessment technique of subjective evaluation of laryngeal motion via peroral laryngoscopy under a light plane of anaesthesia produced consistent results amongst assessors, regardless of the induction agent used.  相似文献