Development of pull and push–pull systems for management of lesser mealworm,Alphitobius diaperinus,in poultry houses using alarm and aggregation pheromones     

Marla J Hassemer  Miguel Borges  David M Withall  John A Pickett  Raul A Laumann  Michael A Birkett  Maria C Blassioli‐Moraes 《Pest management science》2019,75(4):1107-1114

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Uncertainty assessment of soya bean yield gaps using DSSAT‐CSM‐CROPGRO‐Soybean calibrated by cultivar maturity groups     

Wilson Wagner Ribeiro Teixeira  Rafael Battisti  Paulo Cesar Sentelhas  Milton Ferreira de Moraes  Adilson de Oliveira Junior 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2019,205(5):533-544

Soya bean yield gap can be caused by different factors resulting in uncertainties when the objective is to use such information for farm decision‐making and reference yield determination. Thus, this study aimed to quantify the soya bean yield gap for four sites, located in Southern and Midwestern Brazil, as well as the uncertainties of that related to cultivars, sowing dates, soil types and reference yields. The crop simulation model DSSAT‐CSM‐CROPGRO‐Soybean was calibrated for cultivars with similar maturity groups, based on the data obtained from the best farmers at the county level. The yield gap by water deficit (YG_WD) was obtained through the difference between potential and attainable yields, and that one caused by sub‐optimum crop management (YG_CM) by subtracting actual yield of each county, obtained from official statistics between 1989/90 and 2014/15 growing seasons, from the estimated attainable yield. The yield was simulated using four sowing dates, three soil types and two soya bean maturity groups by county. The reference yield uncertainty was quantified using yield reference from crop model and regional winners of the soya bean yield context, conducted by CESB (Brazilian Soybean Strategic Committee), for the growing seasons from 2013/14 to 2015/16. The crop model showed a good agreement between measured and simulated crop development and growth using calibration by maturity group, with low root mean square error (347 kg/ha). Southern sites had a mean YG_WD of 1,047 kg/ha, while in the Midwest, it was lower than 100 kg/ha. The YG_CM was 1,067, 528, 984 and 848 kg/ha, respectively, for Castro, PR, Mamborê, PR, Montividiu, GO and Primavera do Leste, MT, representing the opportunity for yield gain when having the best farmers as reference. The maturity groups, sowing dates and soil types showed to be an important source of uncertainty for yield gap determination, being recommended to investigate the farms in detail for an appropriate quantification. The reference yield showed expressive uncertainties, with some farmers presenting conditions to increase their soya bean yields by more than 3,000 kg/ha, when considering as reference the yields obtained by the winners’ farmers. These results show that uncertainties must be reduced when assessing farm yield gaps, in order to ensure that expected rate of soya bean yield growth could be reached by adopting the same technologies from CESB winners and best farmers in the county as a reference.  相似文献   

Tolerance to nymphs and adults of Mahanarva spectabilis (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) by forage plants in fertilized soils     

Roberta Alvarenga  Alexander Machado Auad  Jair Campos Moraes  Sandra Elisa Barbosa da Silva  Brunno Santos Rodrigues 《Pest management science》2019,75(8):2242-2250

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Intranasal Osteosarcoma in a Dog—A Case Report     

Gabriela Noronha de Toledo  Pamela Rodrigues Reina Moreira  Daniele Santos Rolemberg  Andréia Coutinho Facin  Julio Edward Hough Monteiro  Mareliza Possa de Menezes  Maria Eduarda Bastos Andrade Moutinho da Conceição  Felipe Augusto Ruiz Sueiro  Rosemeri de Oliveira Vasconcelos  Paola de Castro Moraes  Mirela Tinucci Costa  Andrigo Barboza de Nardi 《Topics in companion animal medicine》2018,33(2):35-39

Osteosarcoma is the most commonly reported bone tumor in dogs, typically affecting the axial and appendicular skeleton. Involvement of the paranasal sinuses and the nasal cavity is extremely rare. This report describes a 6-year-old, female, cross-breed dog presented with signs of 90 days duration and diagnosed with a mass located in the right nasal cavity. Radiography, rhinoscopy, and computed tomography findings suggested the presence of an intranasal tumor. Osteosarcoma in the nasal cavity was diagnosed based on histopathological examination and clinical and imaging findings. Survival time was 12 months from diagnosis.  相似文献   

Autochthonous probiotic as growth promoter and immunomodulator for Astyanax bimaculatus cultured in water recirculation system          下载免费PDF全文

Andressa Vieira de Moraes  Marina de Oliveira Pereira  Klayton Natan Moraes  Jorge P Rodrigues‐Soares  Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus  Adolfo Jatobá 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(8):2808-2814

This work aimed to evaluate the probiotic Lactobacillus spp. in the microbiota of Astyanax bimaculatus reared in a water recirculation system. The experiment was randomized, using 800 postlarvae distributed into eight polyethylene containers, separated into two treatments, in quadruplicate: supplementation with Lactobacillus spp. (Probiotic) and no supplementation (Control). After 90 days of culture, 13 fish per container were anaesthetized. Three of these underwent microbiological evaluation, and haematological analyses were carried out on five. Immunological assessment was performed on another five fish. Zootechnical parameters were evaluated for all animals. In the microbiological evaluation, the probiotic group presented higher counts of lactic acid bacteria, but lower counts of Vibrio spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Staphylococcus spp., when compared with control. After haematological analysis, the supplemented group presented low haematimetric indices of Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration and Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin (MCHC and MCH, respectively) and higher amounts of total leucocytes, thrombocytes and circulating monocytes when compared with control. The immunological profile did not differ between treatments. In the zootechnical performance, probiotic group presented higher productivity, survival and apparent food efficiency when compared with control. Therefore, when Lactobacillus spp. was supplemented in the diet of A. bimaculatus, immunocompetence and the zootechnical performance of animals increased.  相似文献   

Agricultural diversification reduces the survival period of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</Emphasis> sclerotia     

Alexandre Dinnys Roese  Gloria Soriano Vidal  Walmes Marques Zeviani  Anibal de Moraes  Louise Larissa May De Mio 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2018,150(3):713-724

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The effects of starving and feeding on Dover sole (Solea solea,Soleidae, Linnaeus, 1758) stress response and early larval development          下载免费PDF全文

Chiara Carla Piccinetti  Marco Donati  Giuseppe Radaelli  Giovanni Caporale  Gilberto Mosconi  Francesco Palermo  Lina Cossignani  Roberto Salvatori  Rocio Penuela Lopez  Ike Olivotto 《Aquaculture Research》2015,46(10):2512-2526

In the view of an urgent necessity to improve the quantity and the quality of farmed fish species, there is a strong need to improve our basic knowledge on the effects of first feeding during the developmental stages of fish larvae. High mortality, mainly due to food deprivation or inappropriate food quality, has been observed in many larval fish species, but knowledge about the morphological, biochemical and molecular processes related to this topic is still poorly understood. The understanding of the early larval ontogeny as well as the larval nutritional requirements and the molecular and cellular mechanisms elicited by fish larvae during food deprivation and starvation are thus of primary importance. At this regard, this study investigates, in Dover sole larvae, the effects of starvation and starving/re‐feeding procedures at a morphological, histological, biochemical and molecular level. The results evidenced that starved larvae progressively decrease in growth, lipid content, affected their gastrointestinal tract and muscle development and increased cortisol and heat shock protein 70 levels. On the contrary, starved and re‐fed larvae showed, after the restoration of a favourable feeding condition, a compensatory growth. In conclusion, this is the first study analysing through a multidisciplinary approach the effects of food deprivation on the development of an important economic species, the Dover sole.  相似文献   

Components of different signalling pathways regulated by a new orthologue of AtPROPEP1 in tomato following infection by pathogens     

A. P. Trivilin  S. Hartke  M. G. Moraes 《Plant pathology》2014,63(5):1110-1118

Plants express different defence mechanisms in response to pathogens. Understanding the recognition of pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) by specific receptors, and the role of endogenous signals such as AtPep1 that regulate expression of genes in Arabidopsis thaliana, has aided the understanding of the defence mechanisms in different species. The aim of this study was to identify possible orthologous sequences of AtPROPEPs in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) and characterize its role in resistance to necrotrophic pathogens. The presence of an orthologue of the A. thaliana AtPROPEP1 gene in S. lycopersicum, SlPROPEP, by in silico analysis, is reported here. This has 96% identity with the C‐terminal region of a previously described potato peptide, another possible orthologue of AtPep1. A virus‐induced gene silencing (VIGS) system was employed to investigate the role of the SlPROPEP. Silencing of SlPROPEP in tomato made plants more susceptible to Pythium dissotocum; approximately 30% of SlPROPEP‐silenced plants showed stem constriction compared with 4% in control plants. Furthermore, quantification of P. dissotocum by qPCR revealed that the increase in symptom severity in SlPROPEP‐silenced plants was associated with a 15 times increase in growth of the pathogen compared to control plants. Silencing of SlPROPEP also resulted in decreased expression of genes involved in plant defence against pathogens, such as PR‐1, PR‐5, ERF1, LOX‐D and DEF2. These results suggest that SlPROPEP is involved in tomato resistance to P. dissotocum and probably acts as a pathogen‐associated molecular pattern through signalling pathways mediated by jasmonic acid/ethylene (JA/ET).  相似文献   

Phosphorus,Potassium and Sulfur Interactions in Soybean Plants on a Typic Hapludox     

A. Moreira  L. A. C. Moraes  L. G. Moretti  G. S. Aquino 《Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis》2018,49(4):405-415

Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merril) has the largest acreage in Brazil where nutrients are provided to crops by formulated fertilizers, which is the most usual method. Under tropical and subtropical conditions, most of the nutrients required by soybean crops are phosphorus (P) and potassium (K), while sulfur (S) is applied in smaller amounts. The P, K, and S interactions under greenhouse conditions using completely randomized blocks in a factorial 3 × 3 × 3 arrangement were evaluated. The treatments were as follows: three P rates (0, 75, and 150 mg P kg^?1); three K rates (0, 150, and 300 mg K kg^?1); and three S rates (0, 50, and 100 mg S kg^?1). The P, K, and S application had a significant influence on the shoot dry weight (SDW) and number of pods per pot (NPP) in contrast with the increase in grain yield (GY) that had positive relationship with K and S rates. These results indicated that both nutrients were the most limiting to GY. In soil and leaves, only the P, K, and S concentrations were modified by the treatments (P, K, and S), but in the grains there was synergism of P rates with Mg concentration unlike K rates with Ca concentration. Physiological components as photosynthetic rate, intrinsic efficiency of water use, and chlorophyll had influence from P and K rates.  相似文献   

New invasion of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Bemisia tabaci</Emphasis> Mediterranean species in Brazil associated to ornamental plants     

Letícia Aparecida de Moraes  Julio Massaharu Marubayashi  Valdir Atsushi Yuki  Murad Ghanim  Vinicius Henrique Bello  Bruno Rossitto De Marchi  Leonardo da Fonseca Barbosa  Laura M. Boykin  Renate Krause-Sakate  Marcelo Agenor Pavan 《Phytoparasitica》2017,45(4):517-525

In Brazil, the first major invasion event of Bemisia tabaci was that of Middle East–Asia Minor 1 (MEAM1) species, formerly termed as B biotype, which commenced in the 1990s mainly by ornamental plants in São Paulo State. More than two decades after this invasion, the presence of the Mediterranean (MED) species of B. tabaci, formerly Q biotype, was reported in Rio Grande do Sul, the southernmost State of Brazil, and now in São Paulo and Paraná States, in southeastern Brazil. Specimens of whiteflies collected from commercial begonia, hydrangea, petunia and poinsettia greenhouses in São Paulo, and also from begonias and poinsettias collected in flower shops in Paraná, were all identified as belonging to MED species. Furthermore, the secondary endosymbionts Arsenophonus, Hamiltonella and Rickettsia of MED from São Paulo and Paraná were detected by PCR and their presence confirmed by sequencing and FISH analysis, and those results differed from MED detected in Rio Grande do Sul that harbored only Hamiltonella and Cardinium. Our results suggest a new MED invasion into Brazil and is associated with ornamental plants. The two MED populations are genetically different and suggest that they are separate invasions.  相似文献