Interleukin-10 expression by real-time PCR and homology modelling analysis in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus Labrax L.)     

Francesco Buonocore  Elisa Randelli  Steve Bird  Chris J. Secombes  Angelo Facchiano  Susan Costantini  Giuseppe Scapigliati 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2007,270(1-4):512-522

In this paper we investigate the interleukin-10 (IL-10) expression and 3D modelling of the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.). IL-10 is a regulatory cytokine that has been intensively studied in mammals and has been found mainly involved in the suppression or deactivation of activated immune responses. The full-length sea bass IL-10 cDNA consists of 1015 bp and is translated in a predicted molecule of 187 amino acids. A multiple alignment of this peptide with other known sequences showed the conservation of fundamental IL-10 family characteristics. Expression analysis by real-time PCR in control fish showed a high basal expression in the head kidney (HK), followed by gut and brain. In vitro treatment of HK leucocytes with LPS showed an intense increase of IL-10 expression at 4 h and a significant decrease at 24 h, with PHA-L no differences were evidenced. A 3D model for sea bass IL-10 was obtained by accurate homology procedures and putative interaction residues with the IL-10 receptor described. The results suggested that sea bass IL-10 could be involved in anti-inflammatory responses, but further experiments are needed to assess its importance in response to pathogenic agents, vaccinations and immunostimulants.  相似文献   

Effects of dietary soy isoflavones on estrogenic activity,cortisol level,health and growth in rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss          下载免费PDF全文

Maria Rita Pastore  Elena Negrato  Carlo Poltronieri  Giuseppe Barion  Maria Messina  Francesca Tulli  Cristina Ballarin  Lisa Maccatrozzo  Giuseppe Radaelli  Daniela Bertotto 《Aquaculture Research》2018,49(4):1469-1479

Soy isoflavones (the phytoestrogens genistein, daidzein and glycitein) may act as estrogen receptor agonists or antagonists. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of dietary isoflavones on growth, reproduction and health in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Rainbow trout fed three experimental diets containing different concentrations of isoflavones (0, 500 and 1,500 ppm). Growth, estrogenic activity, plasma estradiol levels, gonadal development, state of stress and histological changes in selected tissues were evaluated at the end of 70 days. Neither growth performance nor the relative mRNA levels of Insulin Growth Factor I (igf‐I) in the liver were influenced by different levels of dietary isoflavones. Plasma and liver vitellogenin (VTG) protein levels and plasma 17‐β‐estradiol (E₂) were unaffected by treatments, although the correlation between plasma levels of E₂ and VTG densitometry values was significant (p < .05). The fish gonadosomatic index (GSI) did not significantly differ among the three experimental groups but correlated with plasma VTG densitometry values (p < .05). Plasma, muscle and fin cortisol concentrations fell within the normal welfare range and were not correlated with isoflavone levels. Histologically, the distal intestine showed a normal morphology with well‐differentiated enterocytes and in the liver hepatocytes were also normal. A supranuclear accumulation of lipid droplets in enterocytes and some lipid droplets in hepatocytes were observed in all tested groups, suggesting an impact of basal dietary lipid on transport/metabolism of fat in the fish. Overall, the present results suggest that the doses of isoflavones tested do not compromise rainbow trout reproduction, growth and health.  相似文献   

盐酸克伦特罗的残留及检测   总被引：32，自引：0，他引：32  

王选年  康晓迪  潘耀谦  张改平 《动物医学进展》2002,23(3):41-46

本文回顾了盐酸克伦特罗（Clenbuterol,CL）作为生长促进剂在肉食动物体内的吸收、分布、代谢和残留状况，以及人们食用残留CL的肉品后引起的中毒事件，同时介绍了FDA，WHO及我国政府规定的CL肉品中的最大残留限量标准和常用检测技术。指出CL在动物体内具有吸收快、分布广，残留性积累和半衰期长等生物学特性。应用以酶免疫分析技术为基础的筛选法和以色谱技术为基因的确证法相 残留检测体系是防止CL非法使用和保障肉品安全的有效手段。  相似文献   

论生态环境与畜禽健康——饲料卫生与畜禽健康   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

汪植三  吴银宝等 《家畜生态》2001,22(4):1-12

介绍了饲料中主要有毒物质对畜禽健康的影响，讨论了饲料质量鉴定的概念和方法，指出降低饲料中有害物质是提高畜产品质量和增强我国畜产品市场竞争力的重要措施。  相似文献   

Wide Range Applications of Spirulina: From Earth to Space Missions     

Giacomo Fais  Alessia Manca  Federico Bolognesi  Massimiliano Borselli  Alessandro Concas  Marco Busutti  Giovanni Broggi  Pierdanilo Sanna  Yandy Marx Castillo-Aleman  Ren Antonio Rivero-Jimnez  Antonio Alfonso Bencomo-Hernandez  Yendry Ventura-Carmenate  Michela Altea  Antonella Pantaleo  Gilberto Gabrielli  Federico Biglioli  Giacomo Cao  Giuseppe Giannaccare 《Marine drugs》2022,20(5)

Spirulina is the most studied cyanobacterium species for both pharmacological applications and the food industry. The aim of the present review is to summarize the potential benefits of the use of Spirulina for improving healthcare both in space and on Earth. Regarding the first field of application, Spirulina could represent a new technology for the sustainment of long-duration manned missions to planets beyond the Lower Earth Orbit (e.g., Mars); furthermore, it could help astronauts stay healthy while exposed to a variety of stress factors that can have negative consequences even after years. As far as the second field of application, Spirulina could have an active role in various aspects of medicine, such as metabolism, oncology, ophthalmology, central and peripheral nervous systems, and nephrology. The recent findings of the capacity of Spirulina to improve stem cells mobility and to increase immune response have opened new intriguing scenarios in oncological and infectious diseases, respectively.  相似文献   

BDDE-Inspired Chalcone Derivatives to Fight Bacterial and Fungal Infections     

Ana Jesus  Fernando Dures  Nikoletta Szemerdi  Joana Freitas-Silva  Paulo Martins da Costa  Eugnia Pinto  Madalena Pinto  Gabriella Spengler  Emília Sousa  Honorina Cidade 《Marine drugs》2022,20(5)

The growing number of infectious diseases around the world threatens the effective response of antibiotics, contributing to the increase in antibiotic resistance seen as a global health problem. Currently, one of the main challenges in antimicrobial drug discovery is the search for new compounds that not only exhibit antimicrobial activity, but can also potentiate the antimicrobial activity and revert antibiotics’ resistance, through the interference with several mechanisms, including the inhibition of efflux pumps (EPs) and biofilm formation. Inspired by macroalgae brominated bromophenol BDDE with antimicrobial activity, a series of 18 chalcone derivatives, including seven chalcones (9–15), six dihydrochalcones (16–18, and 22–24) and five diarylpropanes (19–21, and 25 and 26), was prepared and evaluated for its antimicrobial activity and potential to fight antibiotic resistance. Among them, chalcones 13 and 14 showed promising antifungal activity against the dermatophyte clinical strain of Trichophyton rubrum, and all compounds reversed the resistance to vancomycin in Enterococcus faecalis B3/101, with 9, 14, and 24 able to cause a four-fold decrease in the MIC of vancomycin against this strain. Compounds 17–24 displayed inhibition of EPs and the formation of biofilm by S. aureus 272123, suggesting that these compounds are inhibiting the EPs responsible for the extrusion of molecules involved in biofilm-related mechanisms. Interestingly, compounds 17–24 did not show cytotoxicity in mouse embryonic fibroblast cell lines (NIH/3T3). Overall, the results obtained suggest the potential of dihydrochalcones 16–18 and 22–24, and diarylpropanes 19–21, 25 and 26, as hits for bacterial EPs inhibition, as they are effective in the inhibition of EPs, but present other features that are important in this matter, such as the lack of antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity.  相似文献   

Temporal dynamics of freshwater fish assemblages,their background and methods of quantifications—A synthesis     

Istvn Czegldi  Andrs Speczir  Tibor Er&#x;s 《Fish and Fisheries》2022,23(1):93-108

The temporal dynamics of biotic communities have been widely examined by ecologists. However, systematic reviews on how habitat features, sampling and data evaluation influence temporal patterns are rather sporadic. Here, we reviewed 307 peer-reviewed scientific articles to characterize the methods and the approaches, as well as to identify the knowledge gaps in the assessment of the temporal dynamics of freshwater fish assemblages with special regard to their stability patterns. The number of publications increased exponentially over decades. We revealed a highly uneven distribution of the studies among continents and ecosystems with a dominant number of papers derived from North America and Europe, and from lotic systems, especially. We also found large variability among studies even within similar habitat types in the examined spatial and temporal scales, sampling methods used, examined assemblage attributes, potential stressors and data analyses. Several knowledge gaps, such as the limited number of large-scale studies, the insufficient knowledge on the long-term dynamics of early life history stages and on trait-based assemblage organization, were highlighted. For enabling meaningful comparisons of fish assemblage dynamics in space and time, further developments in standardization procedures are needed across sampling and data evaluation possibilities. Publicly accessible long-term data sets with more details on sampling and environmental parameters would also be critically important to determine the effect of a variety of factors on the stability vs. variability of fish assemblages.  相似文献   

Standardization of canine meningioma grading: Validation of new guidelines for reproducible histopathologic criteria     

Sara Belluco  Giuseppe Marano  Thibaut Lurier  Giancarlo Avallone  Chiara Brachelente  Stefano Di Palma  Roberta Rasotto  Kerstin Baiker  Andreas Beineke  Anna Oevermann  Frauke Seehusen  Fabiano José Ferreira de Sant'Ana  Patrizia Boracchi  Martí Pumarola  Maria Teresa Mandara 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2023,21(4):685-699

Canine meningiomas are currently graded using the human grading system. Recently published guidelines have adapted the human grading system for use in dogs. The goal of this study was to validate the new guidelines for canine meningiomas. To evaluate the inter-observer agreement, 5 veterinary surgical pathologists graded 158 canine meningiomas following the human grading system alone or with the new guidelines. The inter-observer agreement for histologic grade and each of the grading criteria (mitotic grade, invasion, spontaneous necrosis, macronucleoli, small cells, hypercellularity, pattern loss and anaplasia) was evaluated using the Fleiss kappa index. The diagnostic accuracy (sensitivity and specificity) was assessed by comparing the diagnoses obtained with the 2 grading systems with a consensus grade (considered the reference classification). The consensus histologic grade was obtained by agreement between 4 experienced veterinary neuropathologists following the guidelines. Compared with the human grading alone, the canine-specific guidelines increased the inter-observer agreement for: histologic grade (κ = 0.52); invasion (κ = 0.67); necrosis (κ = 0.62); small cells (κ = 0.36); pattern loss (κ = 0.49) and anaplasia (κ = 0.55). Mitotic grade agreement remained substantial (κ = 0.63). The guidelines improved the sensitivity in identifying grade 1 (95.6%) and the specificity in identifying grade 2 (96.2%) meningiomas. In conclusion, the new grading guidelines for canine meningiomas are associated with an overall improvement in the inter-observer agreement and higher diagnostic accuracy in diagnosing grade 1 and grade 2 meningiomas.  相似文献