全豆豆浆与传统豆浆感官品质和营养成分对比     

张娟  闫瑞霞  孙志洪  李胜利  何雪娟  许蕊  张进军 《大豆科学》2017,36(3)

以大豆为原料,通过感官评定对胶体磨技术自制的全豆豆浆和一般机械磨加工的传统豆浆中的永和豆浆和普通豆浆的感官品质进行了比较,通过营养成分检测对全豆豆浆和永和豆浆的营养成分进行了比较,同时将检测的全豆豆浆营养成分与中国食物成分表中的普通豆浆的营养成分进行比较。结果表明:全豆豆浆口感浓厚,细腻爽滑,豆香味浓郁,无豆腥味,感官评价总得分高于传统豆浆中的永和豆浆和普通豆浆,差异有统计学意义(P0.01);全豆豆浆中蛋白质、脂肪、总膳食纤维、维生素B1、维生素B2、钙、磷脂及大豆异黄酮等营养成分含量均高于永和豆浆,更高于普通豆浆。全豆豆浆的普及不仅可以提高豆浆的营养价值,还可以减少资源的浪费,具有一定的社会和经济效益。  相似文献   

Cultivation effects on soil texture and fertility in an arid desert region of northwestern China     

Mingzhu HE 《干旱区科学》2020,12(4):701-715

In arid desert regions of northwestern China, reclamation and subsequent irrigated cultivation have become effective ways to prevent desertification, expand arable croplands, and develop sustainable agricultural production. Improvement in soil texture and fertility is crucial to high soil quality and stable crop yield. However, knowledge on the long-term effects of the conversion of desert lands into arable croplands is very limited. To address this problem, we conducted this study in an arid desert region of northwestern China to understand the changes in soil physical-chemical properties after 0, 2, 5, 10, 17, and 24 years of cultivation. Our results showed that silt and clay contents at the 17-year-old sites increased 17.5 and 152.3 folds, respectively, compared with that at the 0-year-old sites. The soil aggregate size fraction and its stability exhibited an exponential growth trend with increasing cultivation ages, but no significant change was found for the proportion of soil macroaggregates (>5.00 mm) during the 17 years of cultivation. The soil organic carbon (SOC) content at the 24-year-old sites was 6.86 g/kg and increased 8.8 folds compared with that at the 0-year-old sites. The total (or available) nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents showed significant increasing trends and reached higher values after 17 (or 24) years of cultivation. Changes in soil physical-chemical properties successively experienced slow, rapid, and stable development stages, but some key properties (such as soil aggregate stability and SOC) were still too low to meet the sustainable agricultural production. The results of this long-term study indicated that reasonable agricultural management, such as expanding no-tillage land area, returning straw to the fields, applying organic fertilizer, reducing chemical fertilizer application, and carrying out soil testing for formula fertilization, is urgently needed in arid desert regions.  相似文献   

氨唑草酮的水解、挥发及其在水-沉积物系统中的降解特性     

何开雨  汤涛  宣彩迪  吴园园  何红梅  吴珉  赵学平  徐霞红  王强 《浙江农业学报》2019,31(12):2057

为评价氨唑草酮的环境安全性,参照国家标准GB/T 31270-2014的要求,采用室内模拟法研究了氨唑草酮在不同温度和不同pH值缓冲溶液中的水解特性、在不同环境介质中的挥发特性,以及在2种水-沉积物系统中的降解特性。结果表明:氨唑草酮在25 ℃时,在pH值为4或7的缓冲液中水解半衰期均长于365 d,在pH值为9的缓冲液中水解半衰期为90.0 d,属于难水解至中等水解农药。在20~25 ℃、气体流速500 mL·min^-1的条件下,氨唑草酮在空气、水和土壤中的挥发率均小于1%,属于难挥发农药。氨唑草酮在湖泊(杭州西湖)水-沉积物系统和河流(京杭大运河)水-沉积物系统中的降解符合一级动力学方程,好氧降解半衰期分别为408 d和630 d,厌氧降解半衰期分别为248 d和990 d,在水-沉积物系统中属于难降解农药。  相似文献   

瑞丽山龙眼幼苗光合特性研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

马加芳  李贵祥  柴勇  和丽萍  孟广涛 《热带作物学报》2017,38(4):640-645

使用Li-6400XT便携式光合仪测定高黎贡山南段2种环境(野外、大棚)下生长的我国特有种植物瑞丽山龙眼幼苗的光合特性,结果表明:(1)2种环境下生长的幼苗净光合速率(PN)日变化出现"双峰"曲线,有"午休"现象,但峰值出现的时刻与大小不同,野外幼苗在10:00、16:00出现高峰值,分别为4.608、2.118μmol/(m~2·s),大棚幼苗在11:00、15:00出现2个高峰值,分别为4.102、3.982μmol/(m~2·s);蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)变化趋势与净光合速率变化趋势一致,也有"午休"现象;水分利用率(WUE)无明显变化规律;胞间CO_2浓度(Ci)与净光合速率日变化相反。(2)净光合速率与环境因子偏相关性分析表明,环境因子:光合有效辐射(PAR)、大气CO_2浓度(Ca)、空气温度(Ta)、相对湿度(RH)对幼苗PN值影响均为:PARCaTaRH;(3)两地幼苗光饱和点(LSP)均较高,野外为2 674.995μmol/(m~2·s)、大棚幼苗为2 228.754μmol/(m~2·s),光补偿点(LCP)分别为38.250、8.322μmol/(m~2·s)。  相似文献   

卵磷脂桶混助剂的特性及其在防治稻飞虱中对氟啶虫胺腈的协同增效作用     

徐鹏飞  康廷浩  张园  秦雪莹  何顺  李建洪  万虎 《农药学学报》2019,21(2):227-232

为明确新型卵磷脂类桶混助剂“融透”的特性，采用透射电镜和激光粒度分析仪表征了其物理性质，并通过室内生物测定和田间药效试验测定了其在防治稻飞虱中对氟啶虫胺腈的协同增效作用。结果表明，“融透”中含有圆形脂质体，Z平均粒径为129.5 nm。室内生物测定结果表明，“融透”可使氟啶虫胺腈对褐飞虱的毒力增加1.67倍。田间药效试验表明，“融透”可使氟啶虫胺腈对稻飞虱的防效提高9.04%~41.77%；当氟啶虫胺腈减量40%时，添加“融透”的处理对稻飞虱的防效与未添加“融透”的常量组相当。研究结果表明，卵磷脂桶混助剂“融透”可以通过形成脂质体提高药剂的利用率，从而达到增效的作用。  相似文献   

不同处理方式对蒸谷米复水性的影响     

刘学武  严伟龙  何易雯  张文成 《农产品加工．学刊》2020,(1):43-46

以稻谷为原料,对蒸谷米的复水性进行了研究。通过单因素试验,探讨超高压浸泡工序、蒸煮工序、干燥工序中相关参数的影响规律,并以蒸煮时柠檬酸添加量、蒸煮次数、微波干燥时间为变量,成品复水率为指标,通过响应面分析建立回归方程,得出蒸煮次数对复水性影响最大,柠檬酸添加量次之,干燥时间影响最小。利用模型确定了较佳参数为柠檬酸添加量1.1%,微波干燥时间6.4 min,蒸煮次数3次。  相似文献   

日光温室新型装配式骨架节点设计与有限元分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

周凤  何斌 《北方园艺》2021,(12):50-56

为实现日光温室骨架的装配化,把控安装质量,提高温室骨架受力性能,设计完成了日光温室新型装配式骨架及装配式节点,以期为装配式日光温室提供新的研究思路.利用ANSYS Workbench软件建模辅助分析,比选外套管和内插管2种装配方式,在逐级均布荷载作用下主管和套管所受应力、剪力及弯矩情况;用Workbench软件分析装配式骨架在最不利荷载作用下轴向应力、剪力、弯矩及变形情况.结果 表明:骨架在外套管的装配方式下,主管及套管自身所受的轴向应力和弯矩更小,安全性更高.用外套管装配的三段桁架在最不利荷载组合作用下,最大轴向应力17.35MPa,最大变形量为0.26 mm,套管最大轴向应力5.0 MPa,最大剪力2345.3 N,最大弯矩为41.3N·m.该日光温室新型装配式骨架及装配式节点安全、稳定、变形量小,可推广使用.  相似文献   

矾根主要品种的叶色表型性状分析     

宋杰  郑天锐  陆琳  解玮佳  李世峰  彭绿春  蔡艳飞  李树发 《中国农学通报》2020,36(28):63-71

通过目测进行分类的方式很难准确界定矾根品种叶色。为建立一套更为科学的基于叶色表型的矾根品种分类体系,笔者利用色差仪对72个矾根品种共计432个样品的叶色进行测定,对获得的L、a、b 3个色度值进行聚类分析,将72个矾根品种分为褐色系、深绿色系、黄色系、灰绿色系、浅绿色系5类色系。对矾根品种各色系的L、a、b值进行相关性分析,发现叶片正面的L值与a值、a值与b值呈负相关,L值与b值呈正相关,但相关性不明显;叶片背面的L值与a值、a值与b值呈负相关,L值与b值呈显著正相关。从多重比较的结果中可以看出,矾根品种各色系之间的L、a、b色度值差异显著,尤其是各色系间叶正面的颜色差异较大,在矾根品种选育工作中,叶片正面的颜色将作为主要参考。  相似文献   

早熟、高产转基因抗虫常规棉品种——湘K25   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

贺云新  张志刚  梅正鼎  张兴平  吴佶膛  蒋杰 《中国棉花》2017,44(6):33-34

概述了湘K25的选育经过，介绍了湘K25的特征特性、产量、纤维品质和抗病、抗虫等特点，并总结了其关键栽培技术。  相似文献   

Leaf carbohydrates assimilation and metabolism affect seed yield of rapeseed with different waterlogging tolerance under the interactive effects of nitrogen and waterlogging     

Jie Kuai  Xiaoyong Li  Zhen Li  Yan Xie  Bo Wang  Guangsheng Zhou 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(6):823-836

Waterlogging is a main factor causing rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) yield loss, and reasonable nitrogen (N) applications can compensate for this loss. To investigate the effects of N rates on seed yield of waterlogged rapeseed, the waterlogging-tolerant rapeseed variety ZS 9 and sensitive variety GH01 were waterlogged for 0 and 10 days with five leaves at the seedling stage under four N rates (0, 90, 180 and 270 kg/ha). Waterlogging significantly decreased seed yield, while N application can alleviate the yield loss. The yield decrease rate of waterlogged GH01 was greater than that of ZS 9 under the same N rate. During the seedling and bolting stage, the leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) activity increased, while activities of adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), sucrose synthase (SuSy) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS) decreased with more N under the same watering conditions. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the leaf Pn and Rubisco activity, starch and sucrose contents of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the two stages; activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS of waterlogged rapeseed decreased at the seedling while increased at the bolting stage for both the two varieties. At the flowering stage, the Pn, the activities of Rubisco, AGPase, SuSy, SPS and contents of sucrose, starch increased with more N application for both ZS 9 and GH01. Compared to the plants without waterlogging, the Pn and Rubisco activity for waterlogged plants of the two varieties increased; the waterlogged plants of tolerant variety had higher activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS, while those of sensitive variety was significantly lower. However, the decreased starch and sucrose content were found in both tolerant and sensitive varieties. The activities of AGPase, SuSy and SPS at flowering were highly positively correlated with yield under the interactive effects of N and waterlogging. These results suggested that the flowering stage is the most important stage that N had the positive regulation on waterlogged rapeseed growth. The carbohydrates translocation from leaves to seeds of the tolerant variety were enhanced after waterlogging, while that of the sensitive variety was still inhibited. This was the main reason for the difference in yield between the two waterlogged varieties.  相似文献