The detection of Chlamydophila psittaci genotype C infection in dogs     

Sprague LD  Schubert E  Hotzel H  Scharf S  Sachse K 《Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)》2009,181(3):274-279

Reports of canine chlamydiosis are infrequent, possibly because the pathogen is rarely considered to be a cause of disease in dogs. This report presents details of Chlamydophila psittaci infection in four bitches with recurrent keratoconjunctivitis, severe respiratory distress and reduced litter size (up to 50% stillborn or non-viable puppies) in a small dog-breeding facility in Germany. Cell culture and immunofluorescence examination of conjunctival, nasal and pharyngeal swabs revealed chlamydial inclusions. PCR and sequencing of ompA amplification products confirmed the presence of Cp. psittaci genotype C. The zoonotic potential of the pathogen was illustrated by evidence of disease in two children that lived on the premises with the infected dogs. There was circumstantial evidence to suggest infection of dogs and humans may have followed the introduction of two canaries and a parrot to the household. The persistent nature of the chlamydial infection suggests that dogs may be reservoirs of Cp. psittaci, but this putative role and whether or not dogs shed the pathogen require further investigation.  相似文献   

Behaviour,escapement and mortality of female European silver eels within a regulated lowland river draining into the Baltic Sea     

Jens Frankowski  Malte Dorow  Jakob Juenger  Melanie Reckordt  Steffen Schulz  Claus Ubl  Helmut Winkler 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2019,26(1):86-96

Migration patterns of 146 female silver eels on their way through fresh and brackish water stretches of the Warnow River into the Baltic Sea were studied using acoustic telemetry. The majority of eels (77%) regained their expected downstream migration behaviour after a median rehabilitation time of 2 days. Positive rheotactic behaviour was observed for 23% of tagged eels after release, probably influenced by experimental procedures. The observed silver eel escapement rate was 63%. Two migratory groups were classified by significantly different migratory speed, time of residence in brackish waters and biometric silvering characteristics. Although the classification of silvering stages is based on these measures, the proportions of these stages did not reflect the observed differences in migratory behaviour. In the context of a permanent silver eel descent in the freshwater part of the Warnow River, a permanent escapement was likewise occurring into the Baltic Sea.  相似文献   

TRANSCUTANEOUS ULTRASONOGRAPHY OF THE AVIAN UROGENITAL TRACT     

Helmut  Hofbauer  DVM  Dr.med.vet.  Maria-E.  Krautwald-Junghanns  DVM Dr.med.vet. Dr.med.vet. habil.  PD 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》1999,40(1):58-64

The purpose of this article is to provide a survey of the diagnostic use of transcutaneous sonographic examination of the urogenital tract of pet birds. Possibilities and limitations in imaging normal and altered components of this organ system are discussed. Ultrasonographic examination of the avian urogenital tract was evaluated in 386 pet birds. Abnormal clinical signs were present in 289 birds; 97 birds were normal. Transcutaneous ultrasonography proved to be a useful, noninvasive, and fast diagnostic tool, especially in imaging laminated eggs and changes of the oviduct. Until now, these pathologic changes were not diagnosable in birds with other common noninvasive methods (e.g. radiography). The imaging of low-grade changes of the oviduct, disorders of the kidney without enlargement of the organ, as well as roughening of the egg shell proved to be difficult. Sonographic imaging of neither the normal kidney nor the inactive gonads was possible.  相似文献   

Protoporphyrinogen oxidase-inhibiting activity of the new,wheat-selective isoindoldione herbicide,cinidon-ethyl     

Klaus Grossmann  Helmut Schiffer 《Pest management science》1999,55(7):687-695

Cinidon-ethyl (BAS 615H) is a new herbicide of isoindoldione structure which selectively controls a wide spectrum of broadleaf weeds in cereals. The uptake, translocation, metabolism and mode of action of cinidon-ethyl were investigated in Galium aparine L, Solanum nigrum L and the tolerant crop species wheat (Triticum aestivum L). When plants at the second-leaf stage were foliarly treated with cinidon-ethyl equivalent to a field rate of 50 g ha⁻¹ for 48 h, the light requirement for phytotoxicity and the symptoms of plant damage in the weed species, including rapid chlorophyll bleaching, desiccation and necrosis of the green tissues, were identical to those of inhibitors of porphyrin synthesis, such as acifluorfen-methyl. The selectivity of cinidon-ethyl between wheat and the weed species has been quantified as approximately 500-fold. Cinidon-ethyl strongly inhibited protoporphyrinogen oxidase (Protox) activity in vitro, with I₅₀ values of approximately 1 nM for the enzyme isolated from the weed species and from wheat. However, subsequent effects of herbicide action, with accumulation of protoporphyrin IX, light-dependent formation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid-derived ethylene, ethane evolution and desiccation of the green tissue, were induced by cinidon-ethyl only in the weed species. After foliar application of [¹⁴C] cinidon-ethyl, the herbicide, due to its lipophilic nature, was rapidly adsorbed by the epicuticular wax layer of the leaf surface before it penetrated into the leaf tissue more slowly. No significant differences between foliar and root absorption and translocation of the herbicide by S nigrum, G aparine and wheat were found. After foliar or root application of [¹⁴C]- cinidon-ethyl, translocation of ¹⁴C into untreated plant parts was minimal, as demonstrated by combustion analysis and autoradiography. Metabolism of [¹⁴C]cinidon-ethyl via its E-isomer and acid to further metabolites was more rapid in wheat than in S nigrum and G aparine. After 32 h of foliar treatment with 50 g ha⁻¹ of the [¹⁴C]-herbicide, approximately 47%, 36%, and 12% of the absorbed radioactivity, respectively, were found as unchanged parent or its biologically low active E-isomer and acid in the leaf tissue of G aparine, S nigrum and wheat. In conclusion, cinidon-ethyl is a Protox-inhibiting, peroxidizing herbicide which is effective through contact action in the green tissue of sensitive weed species. It is suggested that a more rapid metabolism, coupled with moderate leaf absorption, contribute to the tolerance of wheat to cinidon-ethyl. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

Effects of Different Cereal Fibers on Cholesterol and Bile Acid Metabolism in the Syrian Golden Hamster     

Drte Rieckhoff  Elke A. Trautwein  Yrj Mlkki  Helmut F. Erbersdobler 《Cereal Chemistry》1999,76(5):788-795

This study examined the effects of various cereal fibers and various amounts of β-glucan on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism. Hamsters were fed semisynthetic diets containing 0.12% cholesterol, 20% fat, and either 16% total dietary fiber (TDF) from wheat bran (control) or 10% TDF from oat bran, 13% TDF from oat bran concentrate or barley grains, 16% TDF from oat fiber concentrate, barley flakes, or rye bran. After five weeks, plasma total cholesterol and liver cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower (20 and 50%, respectively) only in hamsters fed rye bran. Diets containing any of the oat ingredients or barley had no effect on total cholesterol. Changes in the pattern of biliary bile acids occurred in hamsters fed 16% TDF from barley flakes or 10% TDF from oat bran. Hamsters fed rye bran had a significantly higher fecal bile acid excretion when compared with controls fed wheat bran. Because rye bran caused the most pronounced lowering effect of total cholesterol despite the lowest content of β-glucan and soluble fibers, components other than β-glucan and soluble fibers seem to be involved in its hypocholesterolemic action. Since the effects of the oat and barley ingredients were not solely correlated to the β-glucan content, structural changes occurring during processing and concentrating of the products may have impaired the hypocholesterolemic potential of the β-glucans, and other factors such as solubility and viscosity of the fiber components seem to be involved.  相似文献   

Zum Photoperiodischen Verhalten Einiger Kartoffelsorten     

Helmut Krug 《Potato Research》1960,3(2):107-136

Ohne Zusammenfassung Der l. Teil wurde imEur. Potato J., Vol. 3 (1960) No. 1 (M?rz) ver?ffentlicht —Part I has been published in Eur. Potato J., Vol. 3 (1960) No. 1 (March) — Partie I a éte publiée dans Eur. Potato J., Vol. 3 (1960) No. 1 (mars).  相似文献   

Über den Einfluß konstanter Temperaturen,relativer Luftfeuchtigkeiten und Licht auf die Frühjahrsentwicklung der Wintereier der Obstbaumspinnmilbe Paratetranychus pilosus Can. et Franz     

Dr. Helmut Becker 《Journal of pest science》1952,25(8):116-118

Zusammenfassung 1. Wintereier vonParatetranychus pilosus Can. et Franz. wurden bei verschiedenen konstanten Temperaturen und relativen Luftfeuchtigkeiten gehalten. Am schnellsten entwickelten sich die Eier bei 24°C.2. Niedere Luftfeuchtigkeiten verzögern die Embryonalentwicklung und erhöhen die Mortalität. Diese war bei 90% relativer Luftfeuchte am geringsten.3. Die Diskrepanz zwischen dem vonListo ermittelten Temperaturoptimum und dem hier mitgeteilten wird mit der Existenz physiologischer Rassen zu erklären versucht.4. Im Dunkeln und UV-Licht gehaltene Wintereier schlüpfen mit erhöhter Mortalität. Es sind im Gegensatz zuHueck keine Anzeichen für eine physiologische Beziehung zwischen dem roten Dotterpigment und der Wellenlänge des Lichtes vorhanden.5. Die Wintereier folgen unter dem Einfluß konstanter Temperaturen, relativer Luftfeuchtigkeiten und Licht denselben Regeln wie Insekteneier.  相似文献