Increased mean arterial pressure and aldosterone-to-renin ratio in Persian cats with polycystic kidney disease     

Pedersen KM  Pedersen HD  Häggström J  Koch J  Ersbøll AK 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2003,17(1):21-27

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) in Persian cats has been increasingly reported and compared to human autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) in the last decade. In cats, however, few studies have dealt with the occurrence and hormonal determinants of hypertension, one of the most common extrarenal manifestations of ADPKD in humans. The purpose of this study was to compare Persian cats >4 years old with PKD to unaffected control cats with regard to blood pressure (BP), plasma renin activity (PRA), serum aldosterone concentration, plasma atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) concentration, and aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR). Three gender- and age-matched groups were studied, each consisting of 7 cats: (1) a control group without cysts, (2) a group with mild PKD, and (3) a group with severe PKD (multiple cysts and renal enlargement). Mild renal insufficiency was found in only 1 of 14 cats with PKD. Cats with PKD had a higher mean arterial pressure (P = .04) and more often had a high ARR (P = .047) than did control cats. Tendencies toward higher diastolic and systolic arterial pressures (DAPs and SAPs, respectively) and lower PRAs were observed in cats with PKD compared to controls (.05 < P < or = .1). No significant differences were found between the groups in serum aldosterone and plasma ANP concentrations. None of the cats had echocardiographic evidence of cardiac hypertrophy. In conclusion, cats with PKD had a minor increase in mean arterial pressure compared to control cats, and half of the cats had a high ARR.  相似文献   

Comparison of manual and automated methods for determining platelet counts in dogs with macrothrombocytopenia.     

Lisbeth H Olsen  Annemarie T Kristensen  Karen Qvortrup  Henrik D Pedersen 《Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation》2004,16(2):167-170

Platelet counts were performed in 43 Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCS, a breed predisposed to macrothrombocytopenia) and in 10 control dogs using 3 automated systems and 3 manual methods (erythrocyte-lysing agents + counting chamber or evaluation of blood smear). Good correlations were found between platelet counts using all methods (all P < 0.0001; R2 = 0.71-0.85). Best correlations were found between the manual methods. Significantly larger platelets were found in CKCS with platelet count < or = 100,000/microl when compared with control dogs and CKCS with platelet count > 100,000/microl (both P < 0.0001). All platelet counts--except when made with the 2 counting chamber methods--were underestimated at platelet counts < or = 100,000/microl.  相似文献   

Effects of carprofen on renal function and results of serum biochemical and hematologic analyses in anesthetized dogs that had low blood pressure during anesthesia     

Boström IM  Nyman GC  Lord PE  Häggström J  Jones BE  Bohlin HP 《American journal of veterinary research》2002,63(5):712-721

OBJECTIVE: To investigate effects of IV administered carprofen on indices of renal function and results of serum biochemical and hematologic analyses in dogs anesthetized with acepromazine-thiopentone-isoflurane that had low blood pressure during anesthesia. ANIMALS: 6 healthy Beagles. PROCEDURE: A randomized crossover study was conducted, using the following treatments: saline (0.9% NaCl solution)-saline, saline-carprofen, and carprofen-saline. Saline (0.08 ml/kg) and carprofen (4 mg/kg) were administered IV. The first treatment was administered 30 minutes before induction of anesthesia and immediately before administration of acepromazine (0.1 mg/kg, IM). Anesthesia was induced with thiopentone (25 mg/ml, IV) and maintained with inspired isoflurane (2% in oxygen). The second treatment was administered 30 minutes after onset of inhalation anesthesia. Blood gases, circulation, and ventilation were monitored. Renal function was assessed by glomerular filtration rate (GFR), using scintigraphy, serum biochemical analyses, and urinalysis. Hematologic analysis was performed. Statistical analysis was conducted, using ANOVA or Friedman ANOVA. RESULTS: Values did not differ significantly among the 3 treatments. For all treatments, sedation and anesthesia caused changes in results of serum biochemical and hematologic analyses, a decrease in mean arterial blood pressure to 65 mm Hg, an increase of 115 pmol/L in angiotensin II concentration, and an increase of 100 seconds in time required to reach maximum activity counts during scintigraphy. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Carprofen administered IV before or during anesthesia did not cause detectable significant adverse effects on renal function or results of serum biochemical and hematologic analyses in healthy Beagles with low blood pressure during anesthesia.  相似文献   

Serum-haptoglobin concentration in Danish slaughter pigs of different health status     

Petersen HH  Ersbøll AK  Jensen CS  Nielsen JP 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2002,54(4):27-335

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 617 finishing pigs aged 10–25 weeks in 11 commercial herds of different health statuses as defined by the Danish monitoring program for specific-pathogen-free (SPF) herds. A standard clinical examination was performed and a blood sample was obtained from each pig for determination of haptoglobin concentration in serum.

Pigs aged 10–14, 15–19 and 20–25 weeks in conventional herds had higher haptoglobin concentrations than high-health SPF (SPF-x) pigs of the same age. There was no significant difference between SPF-x pigs of different ages. Conventional pigs aged 15–19 and 20–25 weeks had higher haptoglobin concentrations than conventional pigs aged 10–14 weeks. Herd influenced the haptoglobin concentration. Lame pigs and pigs with tail or ear bite had elevated haptoglobin concentrations. No significant effect of respiratory symptoms or umbilical hernia was found.  相似文献   

Risk factors for infection of sow herds with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

Mortensen S  Stryhn H  Søgaard R  Boklund A  Stärk KD  Christensen J  Willeberg P 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2002,53(1-2):83-101

In 1992, the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) of European type (PRRSV-EU) was introduced in Denmark. By 1996, the virus had spread to approximately 25% of the Danish herds. In January 1996, a modified-live vaccine based on the American type of the virus (PRRSV-US) was used in replacement boars for Danish artificial insemination (AI) centres and from July 1996, the vaccine was used in PRRSV-EU infected herds for prevention of disease. Soon after vaccine introduction, PRRSV non-infected herds experienced outbreaks of disease due to infection with PRRSV-US. In this study, we investigated the risk factors (biosecurity level, animals, exposure from PRRSV-US-infected neighbour herds, semen, herd size, pig density and herd density) for infection with PRRSV-US in a cohort of 1071 sow herds; we used a nested case-control study. The retrospective observation period lasted from June 1996 (when they all were non-infected) to October 1997. Seventy-three non-vaccinated, closed sow herds became infected with the vaccine strain during this period. Each case herd was matched with two control herds from the cohort (controls had not been infected at the time of infection in the case herds). The data were analysed using a Cox-regression model. The hazard of infection increased significantly with exposure from PRRSV-US-infected neighbouring herds, purchase of animals from herds incubating PRRSV-US infection, increasing herd size and purchase of semen from boars at PRRSV-US-infected AI centres. The results are consistent with the modified-live vaccine strain spread to other herds by trade with animals and semen and by neighbour (area) transmission. We suggest that virus spread by aerosols was a frequent mode of transmission.  相似文献   

Penetration of amoxycillin to the respiratory tract tissues and secretions in Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infected pigs     

Henrik Agersø  Christian Friis  Jens Peter Nielsen 《Research in veterinary science》1998,64(3):251

The pharmokinetic properties of amoxycillin, and its penetration into respiratory tract tissue, were determined in 18 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae infected pigs, after a single i.v. dose of 8·6 mg amoxycillin kg⁻¹ bodyweight. Pleuropneumoniae was produced experimentally in pigs by an aerosol infection model. The infection created a homogenous response, characterised by depression of breathing and increased body temperature. The clinical symptoms were accompanied by increased haptoglobin levels and circulating white blood cell counts. At necropsy the findings were characterised by a bilateral fibrinous pleuropneumonia. Twenty hours after infection, the pigs were administered amoxycillin i.v. The plasma concentration-time curve was described by a three compartment open model. The mean residence time and the elimination half-life were l·5 and 3·4 hours, respectively. The steady-state volume of distribution was 0·67 litres kgl, and the clearance was 0·46 litres kg⁻¹ hour⁻¹. There were no significant differences between these values and those reported previously for healthy pigs. The concentration of amoxycillin in bronchial secretions, lung tissue and diseased lung tissue peaked two hours after intravenous drug administration, while amoxycillin concentration in pleural fluid, lymph nodes and tonsil tissue peaked at the first sampling point one hour after drug administration. The concentration of amoxycillin in secretions and tissue decreased by a slower rate than amoxycillin concentration in plasma, resulting in an increasing tissue-to-plasma concentration ratio. The distribution ratios (AUC_tissue/JAUC_plasma) was 0·53 for bronchial secretions, 0·44 for pneumonic lung tissue, 0·42 for lung tissue, 1·04 for pleural fluid, 0·58 for lymph nodes and 0·37 for tonsil tissue. The distribution of amoxycillin to secretions was increased compared with that previously reported for healthy pigs, while only minor changes were observed in lung tissue.  相似文献   

Description of empirical movement data from Canadian swine herds with an application to a disease spread simulation model     

Christensen J  McNab B  Stryhn H  Dohoo I  Hurnik D  Kellar J 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,83(2):170-185

We report the methods and findings of a survey of Canadian swine producers summarizing farm-types at-risk of foreign animal disease (FAD) and the routine movement of animals, semen and workers among swine farms, as observed during a 42-day period. Of the 311 producers who returned completed questionnaires, 17% represented swine-herds with no swine or semen movement on or off the farm during the 42 days, 57% were sow herds or farrow-to-finish herds with limited movement onto the farm but movement off the farm, and 26% were swine-herds with movements on and off the farm. A substantial number of premises (>50% in some provinces) with swine also kept other animal species on the same premises. We applied the empirical movement data from the survey in a stochastic simulation model to estimate the number of herds infected and the basic regional distribution of infection that could be expected to occur if the FAD was not detected and routine movements were permitted to occur up to 42 days after infection with a FAD of a single randomly selected herd. Forty-five percent of the simulations did not involve spread beyond the index farm, whereas 34.8% involved spread among five or more farms after 42 days of routine movement.  相似文献   

Bone tumors in a population of 400 000 insured Swedish dogs up to 10 y of age: incidence and survival   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

Agneta Egenvall  Ane Ndtvedt    Henrik von Euler 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2007,71(4):292-299

The objectives of this study were to describe the incidence of, survival until, and survival after the diagnosis of canine bone tumors by breed, sex, age, and geographic location of residence. Dogs under 10 y old and insured by a Swedish insurance company between 1995 and 2002 were studied. In total, 764 dogs had claims for bone tumors, and the incidence rate was 5.5 cases per 10 000 dog-years at risk (DYAR). At ages 6, 8, and 10 y, the proportions of dogs with bone tumors were 0.13%, 0.30%, and 0.64%. The top 3 breeds at risk were Irish wolfhound, St. Bernard, and leonberger (incidence rates 99, 78, and 53 cases per 10 000 DYAR, respectively). Median survival time after diagnosis was 56 d in the 419 dogs that survived > or = 1 d. With a Cox regression model controlling for breed and age, females were shown to be at decreased risk of bone tumors, with a hazard ratio of 0.71 (99% confidence interval 0.58 to 0.87).  相似文献   

Intra-unit correlations in seroconversion to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae at different levels in Danish multi-site pig production facilities     

Vigre H  Dohoo IR  Stryhn H  Busch ME 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2004,63(1-2):9-28

In this paper, multilevel logistic models which take into account the multilevel structure of multi-site pig production were used to estimate the variances between pigs produced in Danish multi-site pig production facilities regarding seroconversion to Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae serotype 2 (Ap2) and Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae (Mh). Based on the estimated variances, three newly described computational methods (model linearisation, simulation and linear modelling) and the standard method (latent-variable approach) were used to estimate the correlations (intra-class correlation components, ICCs) between pigs in the same production unit regarding seroconversion. Substantially different values of ICCs were obtained from the four methods. However, ICCs obtained by the simulation and the model linearisation were quite consistent. Data used for estimation were collected from 1161 pigs from 429 litters reared in 36 batches at six Danish multi-site farms chronically infected with the agents. At the farms, weaning age was 3-4.5 weeks, after which batches of pigs were reared using all-in/all-out management by room. Blood samples were collected shortly before: weaning, transfer from weaning-site to finishing-site, and sending the first pigs in the batch for slaughter (third sampling). Few pigs seroconverted at the weaning-sites, whereas considerable variation in seroconversion was observed at the finishing-sites. Multilevel logistic models (initially including four levels: farm, batch, litter, pig) were used to decompose the variation in seroconversion at the finishing-site. However, there was essentially no clustering at the litter level-leading to the use of three-level models. In the case of Ap2, clustering within batch was so high that the data eventually were reduced to two levels (farm, batch). For seroconversion to Ap2, ICC between pigs within batches was approximately 90%, whereas the ICC between pigs within batches for Mh was approximately 40%. This indicates that the possibility for Mh to spread between pigs within batches is lower than for Ap2. The diversity in seroconversion between batches within the same farm was large for Ap2 (ICC approximately 10%), whereas there was a relative strongly ICC (approximately 50%) between batches for Mh. This indicates that the transmission of Mh is more consistent within a farm, whereas the presence of Ap2 varies between batches within a farm.  相似文献   

Application of acute phase protein measurements in veterinary clinical chemistry   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Petersen HH  Nielsen JP  Heegaard PM 《Veterinary research》2004,35(2):163-187

The body's early defence in response to trauma, inflammation or infection, the acute phase response, is a complex set of systemic reactions seen shortly after exposure to a triggering event. One of the many components is an acute phase protein response in which increased hepatic synthesis leads to increased serum concentration of positive acute phase proteins. The serum concentration of these acute phase proteins returns to base levels when the triggering factor is no longer present. This paper provides a review of the acute phase proteins haptoglobin, C-reactive protein and serum amyloid A and their possible use as non-specific indicators of health in large animal veterinary medicine such as in the health status surveillance of pigs at the herd level, for the detection of mastitis in dairy cattle and for the prognosis of respiratory diseases in horses.  相似文献