Involvement of oxygenase confers higher resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides in estuarine resident sand shrimp Crangon uritai than in kuruma prawn Penaeus japonicus and mysid Americamysis bahia     

Hano  Takeshi  Ito  Katsutoshi  Ohkubo  Nobuyuki  Ito  Mana  Watanabe  Akio  Sakaji  Hideo 《Fisheries Science》2020,86(6):1079-1086

Fisheries Science - Globally, neonicotinoid contamination in aquatic environments, including estuarine areas, is a prevailing environmental concern. The estuarine resident marine crustacean sand...  相似文献   

Systemic resistance inducer acibenzolar‐S‐methyl (ASM) and its microencapsulated formulations: their long‐lasting control efficacy against cucumber diseases and mitigation of phytotoxicity     

Hideo Ishii  Masahiro Fujiwara  Kumiko Nishimura 《Pest management science》2019,75(3):801-808

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Induced Resistance of Acibenzolar-S-methyl (CGA 245704) to Cucumber and Japanese Pear Diseases   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

Hideo Ishii  Yasunori Tomita  Takeshi Horio  Yoshihiro Narusaka  Yasuhiko Nakazawa  Kumiko Nishimura  Susumu Iwamoto 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》1999,105(1):77-85

Antifungal activity of the novel compound acibenzolar-S-methyl (CGA245704: benzo[1,2,3]thiadiazole-7-carbothioic acid S-methyl ester) was examined in vitro. No remarkable activity was observed on mycelial growth and conidial germination of almost all fungi tested. Only melon isolates of Didymella bryoniae were sensitive to this compound. On potted plants, acibenzolar-S-methyl showed control efficacy on anthracnose and scab of cucumber and rust of Japanese pear but not on Fusarium wilt of cucumber. In field trials, the occurrence of both rust and scab on Japanese pear was suppressed with this compound. Based on these experiments, it was suggested that acibenzolar-S-methyl induced resistance to some but not all diseases on cucumber and Japanese pear. Induction of disease resistance in cucumber was rapidly triggered after treatment with acibenzolar-S-methyl.  相似文献   

Performance of small harvester head in a thinning operation     

Masahiro Iwaoka  Kazuhiro Aruga  Rin Sakurai  Koo Hyun Cho  Hideo Sakai  Hiroshi Kobayashi 《Journal of Forest Research》1999,4(3):195-200

Medium to large size harvester heads mounted on large machines are popular in Japan. These machines encounter some problems during thinning operations,e.g. damage to residual stand and the compaction of soil. The performance of these large harvesters was compared with that of smaller ones operating simultaneously in the same line thinning operation of the same stand. The results of a time study showed that mean cycle times for the smaller and larger harvesters were not significantly different. This means that the work efficiency of the smaller harvester can be at the same level as the larger harvester on sites similar to those of this study. The mean values “Feed” element of the cycle time, however, were significantly different. Although this time difference appears to provide an advantage to the larger harvester, simulation results show that the advantage is not great enough to significantly shorten the total cycle times. That is to say, the work efficiency remains essentially the same even if the feeding performance of the small size harvester becomes as high as that of larger ones. The small harvester performs adequately in thinning operations, and is not inferior to the larger ones. This result indicates that there is economic potential for small base machines that can be mounted with small harvester heads, resulting in less damage to residual trees and site soils during thinning operation. A part of this paper was orally presented at the 109th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Forestry Society (1998). The time study research presented in this paper was supported by the National Federation of Logging Contractors Cooperative Associations.  相似文献   

Annual changes in ovarian development and plasma estradiol-17β level in reared female common Japanese conger, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Conger myriaster</Emphasis>     

Tomoko?UtohEmail author  Noriyuki?Horie  Naomi?Mikawa  Akihiro?Okamura  Yoshiaki?Yamada  Atsushi?Akazawa  Satoru?Tanaka  Hideo?P?Oka 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(1):38-47

ABSTRACT:   Annual changes in the gonadosomatic index (GSI), oocyte diameter, gonadal histology and plasma estradiol-17β (E₂) levels were investigated in female common Japanese conger Conger myriaster in captivity. Juveniles were caught in September 1999 and reared in seawater at temperatures ranging from 10–20°C for 3 years. All fish were immature when captured in September 1999. GSI and oocyte diameter increased from October 2000, peaked between summer and autumn 2001, and bottomed-out in winter 2001. Plasma E₂ level also increased from October 2000, but remained high. The ovarian developmental stage was at the peri-nucleolus stage or the oil droplet stage until September 2000. Vitellogenesis started in October 2000 and oocytes progressed to the tertiary yolk globule stage by summer 2001. However, vitellogenic oocytes regressed in all females after autumn 2001. The neogenetic oocytes began to increase after November 2001 and ovarian development progressed in 2002 as they did in 2001, although maximum GSI in 2002 was half its 2001 value. These data indicate that ovarian development in the common Japanese conger has an annual periodicity, and that these congers may be able to spawn in multiple years under rearing condition.  相似文献   

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with monoclonal and single-chain variable fragment antibodies selective to coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls     

Inui H  Takeuchi T  Uesugi A  Doi F  Takai M  Nishi K  Miyake S  Ohkawa H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2012,60(7):1605-1612

Coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) consisting of non-ortho and mono-ortho-chlorinated PCBs are dioxin-like compounds and cause wide contamination in the environment. To monitor Co-PCB residues, it was attempted to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with monoclonal and recombinant antibodies selective to Co-PCBs. When 3,3',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenoxybutyric acid (PCBH)-keyhole limpet hemocyanin conjugate was immunized into mice, two monoclonal antibodies, Mab-0217 and Mab-4444, were obtained. 3,3',5,5'-Tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB80) was determined with an IC(50) value of 2.6 and 0.46 ng mL(-1) in ELISA based on Mab-0217 and Mab-4444, respectively. Mab-4444 cross-reacted with Co-PCB congeners, except for PCB77 and PCB81. Mab-0217 reacted with PCB80 and cross-reacted with PCB111. A single-chain variable fragment (scFv) antibody derived from Mab-4444 was produced in recombinant Escherichia coli cells. The scFv antibody showed nearly the same sensitivity toward PCBH as the parent monoclonal antibody in ELISA. These results clearly suggested that Mab-4444 and its scFv antibodies were suitable for monitoring the representative congeners of Co-PCBs.  相似文献   

Comparative studies on the photosynthesis of higher plants     

Hideo Imai  Masataka Fukuyama  Yoshio Yamada 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(3):253-261

The rate of sugar formation from aspartate-¹⁴C(U) and alanine-L-¹⁴C was examined under various light intensities in three C₄-plants. The results obtained were as follows.

The rates of sugar formation from aspartate-¹⁴C(U) became larger in the following order, Paspalum urvillei, Egragrostis ferrunginea, and Zoysia japonica. This order agreed well with the order of their photosynthetic rates measured by gas analyzer. In all the C₄-plants, there were three steps in the sugar formation curve from aspartate-¹⁴C(U). At first, sugar linearly increased with an increase in the light intensity up to 20 klux. Second, from 20 to 40 klux, it hardly increased with an increase in the light intensity. Third, above 40 klux, it increased linearly again. On the other hand, the plateau did not exist between 20 and 40 klux in the sugar formation curves from alanine-l-¹⁴C in any of the cases, and sugar continued to increase with an increase in the light intensity up to 80 klux.

At low light intensities, the amount of CO₂ released from aspartate-¹⁴C(U) and alanine-l-¹⁴C correlated well with the magnitude of the dark respiration in the C₄-plants. At a high light intensity, however, CO₂ release closely correlated with the thickness of mesophyll layers surrounding the vascular bundle sheath. The thicker the mesophyll layers were, the smaller the release of CO₂ became. From this evidence, we conclude that the mesophyll layers play a vital role in refixation of the internal CO₂ in the light.  相似文献   

Changes in molecular structure of biodegradable plastics during degradation in soils estimated by FT-IR and NMR     

Akira Hoshino  Masao Tsuji  Kazuhiko Fukuda  Miki Nonagase  Hideo Sawada  Makoto Kimura 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(4):469-473

Among the biodegradable plastic specimens (poly-(3-hydroxy-butylate-valerate) (PHB / V), poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), poly-(butylene succinate) (PBS), poly-(butylene succinate and adipate) (PBSA), and poly-lactide (PLA)) that were placed in soils for 1 year at nineteen sites in Japan, plastic specimens with appreciable biodegradation were studied for the transformation of the chemical structure by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR. No appreciable differences in the main absorbency-bands of the atomic groups were recognized by FT-IR for any of the plastic specimens tested. However, both ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR analyses suggested that molecular structure of the PHB / V specimens changed after 1 year placement in soils. Based on the assignment of the respective signals of chemical shifts derived from valerate, selective degradation of the valerate moiety in the PHB / V specimens was observed. In contrast, although weight loss, and/or a decrease in tensile strength and elongation were observed after the placement in soils for the PCL, PBS, PBSA, and PLA specimens, the analyses of these specimens by FT-IR, ¹H-NMR, and ¹³C-NMR did not reveal any changes in their molecular structure.  相似文献   

Exchangeable Cs/K ratio in soil is an index to estimate accumulation of radioactive and stable Cs in rice plant     

Motohiko Kondo  Hideo Maeda  Akitoshi Goto  Hiroshi Nakano  Nobuharu Kiho  Tomoyuki Makino 《Soil Science and Plant Nutrition》2013,59(1):133-143

Pot and field experiments were conducted to clarify the effect of soil exchangeable potassium (K) and cesium-137 (¹³⁷Cs) on ¹³⁷Cs accumulation and to establish soil index in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Four paddy soils in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, showing different transfer factors for radioactive Cs derived from the accident of Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station in the field were compared in terms of ¹³⁷Cs accumulation in rice in a pot experiment. ¹³⁷Cs accumulation in shoots and brown rice widely varied among soils with the transfer factor ranging from 0.018 to 0.068 for shoots and 0.004 to 0.065 for brown rice. ¹³⁷Cs concentration in brown rice and shoots tended to decrease with higher levels of soil exchangeable K, and they were more closely related to the exchangeable Cs/K ratio. Similar relationships between the Cs/K ratio and Cs accumulation in plants were obtained for the stable isotope cesium-133 (¹³³Cs). The distributions of ¹³⁷Cs and ¹³³Cs in grains were also similar and variable among soils. The transfer factors obtained in pot experiments mostly agreed with field observations. The results imply that the exchangeable ¹³⁷Cs/K can be a potential soil index to estimate ¹³⁷Cs accumulation in rice.  相似文献   

Japanese consumer preferences for milk certified as good agricultural practice     

Hideo AIZAKI  Teruaki NANSEKI  Hui ZHOU 《Animal Science Journal》2013,84(1):82-89

This study examined Japanese consumers' valuation of a good agricultural practice (GAP) label on packaged milk and investigated the effect of detailed GAP information on valuation. A total of 624 Japanese consumers were asked to select their most preferred milk through an online survey. The milk was assumed to have three attributes: the GAP label, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points certification, and price. The results showed that consumers' valuation of GAP was significantly positive. Although providing additional GAP information to a respondent who was aware of GAP and what it means had a positive effect on the consumers' valuation of GAP, provision of this information had no effect if the respondent knew about GAP either moderately or slightly, and had a negative effect if the respondent did not know about GAP at all. To increase broad consumer awareness and valuation of GAP, it is important to provide GAP information according to the requirements of consumers.  相似文献