Inhibition of bacterial adhesion and salmonella infection in BALB/c mice by sialyloligosaccharides and their derivatives from chicken egg yolk     

Sugita-Konishi Y  Sakanaka S  Sasaki K  Juneja LR  Noda T  Amano F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2002,50(12):3607-3613

The effects of an egg-yolk-derived sialyloligosaccharide (YDS), asialo-YDS, and a sialylglycopeptide of YDS (SGP) on bacterial adhesion to intestinal epithelial cells and on Salmonella infection in BALB/c mice were examined. YDS, its derivative asialo-YDS, and SGP strongly inhibited the binding of Salmonella enteritidis but not E. coli K-88 to a human epithelial cell line, Caco-2. In a Salmonella infection experiment using BALB/c mice, oral administration of these reagents effectively prevented the bacteria from proliferating in spleen, as well as preventing lethality. An experiment using radioactive SGP orally administered to mice revealed that the compound was absorbed from the intestine into blood and eliminated via urine within 8 h. However, these reagents did not influence the production of TNF-alpha or NO. in culture macrophages. The results suggest that they inhibit Salmonella infection not by activating macrophages but by inhibiting the entry of bacteria through the gut, suggesting that YDS and its derivatives are useful for preventing Salmonella infection when ingested continuously.  相似文献   

The Immunomodulating Effect of Phlorotannins from a Brown Alga,Eisenia nipponica,on Mice Stimulated with Ovalbumin through T Cell Regulation     

Sugiura  Yoshimasa  Matsuura  Yuta  Katsuzaki  Hirotaka  Kakinuma  Makoto  Amano  Hideomi  Usui  Masakatsu  Tanaka  Ryusuke  Matsushita  Teruo  Miyata  Masaaki 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2022,77(2):307-316

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - The immunomodulating effect of phlorotannin was investigated in mice stimulated by ovalbumin. When analyzing the main components of phlorotannin concentrate (PTC)...  相似文献   

Breeding of white-grained wheats for Japan     

Yoichi Amano  Atsushi Torada 《Euphytica》2002,126(1):83-88

The possibility of breeding white-grained wheats tolerant to pre-harvest sprouting under Japanese humid weather conditions is discussed. New genetic dormancy sources, such as, AUS1408, 8019R1 and RyuuMai7, were evaluated for seed dormancy in different weather conditions. Some white-grained dormant wheats showed a strong dormancy similar to that of red-grained dormant wheats in a greenhouse trial, in the field their dormancy expression was much less than the red wheats. Three populations involving crosses with these new sources for winter wheat breeding were examined under repeated selection for seed dormancy. Some dormant white-grained lines, as judged under glasshouse conditions, were developed. Again the level of dormancy in these lines was not sufficient compared to red dormant varieties in field trial. In order to develop truly superior dormant white-grained materials, one population involving crosses with two dormant varieties, AUS1408 and 8019R1, was examined under repeated selection. From these materials we succeeded in breeding lines that had not only a good dormancy but also showed adaptation to Japanese weather conditions, including earliness, scab resistance and good seed appearance. However again the dormancy of these lines in field trial was not sufficient compared to that of red wheats and there was not a clear difference for seed dormancy between breeding lines and their parents. We conclude therefore that more work involving the use of new genetic sources or new breeding techniques, will be necessary for breeding advanced lines that maintain a sufficient tolerance to PHS in humid Japanese weather condition. This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Development of winter wheat with excellent resistance to pre-harvest sprouting and rain damage     

Akira?YanagisawaEmail author  Tsutomu?Nishimura  Yoichi?Amano  Atsushi?Torada  Shuji?Shibata 《Euphytica》2005,143(3):313-318

Pre-harvest sprouting and high alpha-amylase activity are the most serious problems for the wheat production in Hokkaido, the northern most part of Japan. It has become more frequent for wheats to be exposed to continuous rain for several days in harvest time. In addition, low temperature below 15 ^°C, combined with rainfall, accelerates the damage of pre-harvest sprouting. Therefore, we started a breeding program in 1998 to develop wheat varieties with excellent resistant to sprouting damage in Hokkaido.Selection and evaluation of pre-harvest sprouting of resistant lines were conducted by two tests. One test was artificial rain treatment of intact spikes and the other was a germination test of hand-threshed grains at 10, 15 and 20 ^°C. The spikes of each line and variety were collected at physiological maturity and at one week after the first sampling date. Falling number was also measured.We have succeeded in breeding a deeply dormant breeding line, Kitakei 1802, from 1,923 doubled haploid lines raised by anther culture from the cross between Kitakei 1616 and Nishikazekomugi. Kitakei 1802 hardly sprouted through 10 days” continuous rainfall treatment at low temperature (15 ^°C) and maintained high falling number (> 300 s) in 2002 and 2003.  相似文献   

Changes in Histidine and Anserine Levels in Hatchery-Reared Honmasu Salmon Parr after Release in a River   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Arimune  Munakata Katsumi  Aida Masafumi  Amano Kazumasa  Ikuta Shoji  Kitamura Hiroshi Y.  Ogata 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2000,31(2):274-278

  相似文献   

Improving the Quality of Miniature Pig Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Blastocysts: Aggregation of SCNT Embryos at the Four‐cell Stage     

Y Terashita  Y Kudo  R Amano  Y Hiradate  E Sato 《Reproduction in domestic animals》2011,46(2):189-196

Miniature pigs share many similar characteristics such as anatomy, physiology and body size with humans and are expected to become important animal models for therapeutic cloning using embryonic stem cells (ESCs) derived by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In the present study, we observed that miniature pig SCNT blastocysts possessed a lower total number of nuclei and a lower percentage of POU5F1‐positive cells than those possessed by in vitro fertilized (IVF) blastocysts. To overcome these problems, we evaluated the applicability of aggregating miniature pig SCNT embryos at the four‐cell stage. We showed that (i) aggregation of two or three miniature pig SCNT embryos at the four‐cell stage improves the total number of nuclei and the percentage of POU5F1‐positive cells in blastocysts, and (ii) IVF blastocysts with low cell numbers induced by the removal of two blastomeres at the four‐cell stage did not exhibit a decrease in the percentage of POU5F1‐positive cells. These results suggest that the aggregation of miniature pig SCNT embryos at the four‐cell stage can be a useful technique for improving the quality of miniature pig SCNT blastocysts and indicating that improvement in the percentage of POU5F1‐positive cells in aggregated SCNT embryos is not simply the consequence of increased cell numbers.  相似文献   

Effects of feeding time on approaching behavior to food odor in goldfish     

Masafumi Amano  Masayuki IiGo  Kunio Yamamori 《Fisheries Science》2005,71(1):183-186

ABSTRACT:   Effects of feeding time on approaching behavior to food odor in goldfish Carassius auratus were examined using the Y-maze flow-through system to test whether the behavior differed according to feeding time and experimental time. Fish were fed at 08.00, 12.00 or 16.00 hours once a day or three times (08.00, 12.00 and 16.00 hours) a day for at least 3 weeks under a natural photoperiod, and at 22 ± 2°C, preference reactions to food odor were tested at 08.00, 10.00, 12.00, 14.00 and 16.00 hours. The fish fed once a day showed significant positive approaching behavior only at the time when they were normally fed. The fish fed three times a day showed no significant positive approaching behavior. These results suggest that goldfish can remember when food is available and/or that there exists a mechanism to inhibit approaching behavior when food is not available.  相似文献   

Development of new self-feeding system for mass rearing of ayu <Emphasis Type="Italic">Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis</Emphasis> under artificial and natural light-dark cycles     

Masafumi Amano  Masayuki IIgo  Toshikazu Sunuma  Mitsushi Yamashita  Kiyoshi Furukawa  Mitsuo Tabata  Kunio Yamamori 《Fisheries Science》2007,73(4):800-807

Self-feeding of grouped ayu Plecoglossus altivelis altivelis was examined under an artificial light-dark (LD) cycle and natural day length using a trigger with a photosensitive sensor. In Experiment 1, approximately 15 juvenile fish (mean body weight, 0.6 g) were kept in 60-L glass tanks (four tanks) under LD 12∶12 (lighting period 06∶00–18∶00 hours) and self-feeding and locomotor activities were simultaneously recorded. Self-feeding was detected within one day and feeding activities were strongly synchronized to the LD cycle, with almost strictly diurnal feeding (98.2%). Although locomotor activities in the upper part of the tank were also greatest during the light phase (76.8%), the activity profiles were different from those of self-feeding, suggesting the validity of the photosensitive sensor. In Experiment 2,25 fish (mean body weight, 15 g) were kept in outdoor 1000-L tanks (four tanks) under natural day length and water temperatures in May, and self-feeding was recorded from mid-August. Stable self-feeding was observed from early September in all the tanks. Nearly all food demands were diurnal, and usually crepuscular. Somatic growth was seen in all tanks. These results demonstrate that the self-feeding system using a photosensitive sensor is applicable for grouped juvenile ayu as small as 0.6 g and adult fish reared under natural conditions.  相似文献   

Thermal stress responses of a sterile mutant of Ulva pertusa (Chlorophyta)   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Makoto Kakinuma  Naoko Shibahara  Hanako Ikeda  Miyuki Maegawa  Hideomi Amano 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(2):287-294

SUMMARY: The thermal stress responses of a sterile mutant of the marine alga Ulva pertusa were investigated at 20°C and 30°C. The amounts of the photosynthetic pigments, β-carotene, chlorophylls a and b , lutein, neoxanthin, and violaxanthin, were 1.4–2.4 times higher in the 30°C-cultivated alga than in the 20°C-cultivated alga. The free amino acids, asparagine, aspartic acid, glutamine, glutamic acid, glycine, and serine, were abundant in the 20°C-cultivated alga, and increased 1.9–10.5-fold in response to thermal stress (30°C). Total carbon and nitrogen contents also increased in the 30°C-cultivated alga. Sodium dodecylsulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoretic patterns of total proteins extracted from both temperature-treated algae showed the increases of 20, 25, and 90 kDa proteins in the 30°C-cultivated alga. Isozyme assays for 20 enzymes showed a different banding pattern only in the case of glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). Although it was observed that both temperature-treated algae possessed NAD⁺- and NADP⁺-specific GDH, the 30°C-cultivated alga had an additional NADP⁺-specific GDH (NADP-GDH). These results suggest that NADP-GDH compensates for the thermally induced decreases in nitrogen assimilation efficiency and thereby regulates nitrogen metabolism under conditions of temperature stress.  相似文献   

Seasonal changes in cellular compartmentation and membrane permeability to sugars in relation to early or high temperature-induced watercore in ‘Orin’ apples     

H. Yamada  T. Okumura  Y. Miyazaki  S. Amano 《The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology》2013,88(6):1069-1073

Summary

The intensity of watercore in ‘Orin’ apples (Malus domestica Borkh.) from the outer canopy increased from early-July to mid-August, followed by a decrease through late-October, while no watercore was detected in inner canopy fruit during the same period. Seasonal changes in sorbitol content in each cellular compartment paralleled the development of watercore. Significantly higher sorbitol, fructose and glucose contents in the vacuoles of cells in outer canopy fruit than in inner canopy fruit suggest that active metabolism and uptake of sorbitol might occur in watercored apples in mid-August. The permeability of sorbitol across the tonoplast was significantly higher in outer than in inner canopy fruit after mid-August, whereas no difference was observed between bearing position for the other sugars or for the plasma membrane. These data suggest that elevated sorbitol levels in the intercellular spaces might result from active apoplastic unloading and not from an inhibition of metabolism and/or an increase in leakage from cells.  相似文献