Quality of farmed Atlantic cod: effects of season and storage     

Hilde Herland  Margrethe Esaiassen  Marie Cooper  Ragnar L Olsen 《Aquaculture Research》2010,41(8):1203-1210

Farming of Atlantic cod makes it possible to supply cod throughout the year. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of season and postmortem ice storage on the quality parameters of farmed cod. Farmed Atlantic cod were sampled from the same pen in the period February 2006–March 2007. Cod whole body and somatic weight, condition factors and hepatosomatic index were all affected by season, all decreasing during maturation and spawning in the winter. Muscle pH and water were influenced by season, increasing during maturation and spawning and then decreasing after spawning. Season also affected the colour of the fillet. There was a significant increase in whiteness post‐spawning and a decrease during the second maturation. Water‐holding capacity (WHC), levels of trimethylamine oxide and trimethylamine, as well as microbiological data, did not vary due to season. Muscle pH, water content, WHC and microbial counts increased during storage for all samplings.  相似文献   

Forest pasturing of livestock in Norway: effects on spruce regeneration   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Olav Hjeljord  ;Trond Histol  ;Hilde Karine Wam 《林业研究》2014,25(4):941-945

Forest pasturing of free-roaming livestock is a common practice in many parts of the world, but knowledge on how it affects tree regeneration in boreal forests is lacking. We mapped tree density, livestock site use and accumulated damage to young trees of commercial interest(Norway spruce, Picea abies L. Karst.) on 56 clearcuts inside and outside a fenced forest area used for livestock pasturing in Ringsaker, Norway. Inside the fence 56±1.8% of spruce trees were damaged compared to 37±3.4% outside. Proportion of damaged spruce trees was positively related to cattle use of the clearcut, but not so for sheep. On the most intensively used clearcuts, four out of five trees were damaged. The density of deciduous trees was five times lower inside compared to outside of the fence(varying with plant species). While livestock grazing may reduce resource competition in favour of spruce, the current animal density clearly is impeding forest regeneration in the study area.  相似文献   

Immunological properties of recombinant classical swine fever virus NS3 protein in vitro and in vivo     

Rau H  Revets H  Balmelli C  McCullough KC  Summerfield A 《Veterinary research》2006,37(1):155-168

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious and often fatal disease of pigs characterised by fever, severe leukopenia and haemorrhages. With vaccines having an importance in disease control, studies are seeking improved protein-based subunit vaccine against the virus (CSFV). In this respect, recombinant viral NS3 protein was analysed for its immunopotentiating capacity, particularly in terms of cytotoxic immune responses. NS3 was effective at inducing in vitro responses, quantified by lymphoproliferation, IFN-gamma ELISPOT, flow cytometric detection of activated T cell subsets, and cytotoxic T cell assays. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from CSFV-immune pigs could be stimulated, but not cells from na?ve animals. In addition to the IFN-gamma responses, induction of both CD4+ T helper cell and CD8+ cytotoxic T cells (CTL) were discernible--activation of the latter was confirmed in a virus-specific cytolytic assay. Attempts were made to translate this to the in vivo situation, by vaccinating pigs with an E2/NS3-based vaccine compared with an E2 subunit vaccine. Both vaccines were similar in their abilities to stimulate specific immune responses and protect pigs against lethal CSFV infection. Although the E2/NS3 vaccine appeared to have an advantage in terms of antibody induction, this was not statistically significant when group studies were performed. It was also difficult to visualise the NS3 capacity to promote T-cell responses in vivo. These results show that NS3 has potential for promoting cytotoxic defences, but the formulation of the vaccine requires optimisation for ensuring that NS3 is correctly delivered to antigen presenting cells for efficient activation of CTL.  相似文献   

Minisatellite DNA ‘fingerprints’ can distinguish Rubus cultivars and estimate their degree of relatedness     

Hilde Nybom  Harvey K. Hall 《Euphytica》1991,53(2):107-114

Summary Minisatellite DNA from 13 Rubus cultivars, including five raspberries, two R. flagellaris derivatives, three R. ursinus derivatives, and the three raspberry-blackberry hybrids Boysen, Logan Thornless and Young, was hybridized with the M13 probe yielding cultivar-specific DNA fragment profiles. Estimates of similarity, assessed from the fragment profiles, showed a strong association with the degree of genetic relatedness among the cultivars. Boysen was shown to be closely related to Austin Thornless, Logan and Young, and is thus thought to be of similar origin to Young, that is Austin Thornless x Phenomenal. While genetic relatedness of Creston with Lloyd George was suggested, Lloyd George parentage of Creston cannot be confirmed from the data obtained.  相似文献   

Effect of ploidy on stomatal and other quantitative traits in plantain and banana hybrids   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Hilde Vandenhout  Rodomiro Ortiz  Dirk Vuylsteke  Rony Swennen  K. V. Bai 《Euphytica》1995,83(2):117-122

Summary Ploidy polymorphism occurs in the hybrid offspring derived from interspecific crosses between triploid plantains (Musa spp. AAB group) and diploid bananas (M. acuminata). Therefore,Musa breeders are interested in the determination of ploidy and its effects on phenotypic expression of quantitative traits. The aim of this research was to examine the reliability of stomatal and other phenotypic traits to determine ploidy in segregating plantainbanana hybrid families. Stomatal density and size were significantly correlated (P<0.01) with ploidy, although the correlation coefficients were not high (r=–0.49 and r=0.47, for stomatal density and size, respectively). High density of small stomata was correlated with low ploidy level, and vice versa. However, stomatal size and density were also influenced by a significant genotype effect (P<0.001) within the same ploidy level. Ploidy had an important effect on fruit traits and plant height in the hybrids of Obino l'Ewai×Calcutta 4, but this was not so clear in Bobby Tannap×Calcutta 4 hybrids. Obino l'Ewai derived tetraploids have medium to tall plants with large bunches and big fruits. Most of the tetraploids derived from Bobby Tannap have short stature due to the gene action of the dwarf,dw, allele. Also, a few selected diploids derived from Bobby Tannap outyielded their non-selected tetraploid full-sibs. In conclusion, chromosoem counting remains the only accurate proof of ploidy levels inMusa germplasm.  相似文献   

Synergistic antioxidative effects of alkamides, caffeic acid derivatives, and polysaccharide fractions from Echinacea purpurea on in vitro oxidation of human low-density lipoproteins     

Dalby-Brown L  Barsett H  Landbo AK  Meyer AS  Mølgaard P 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2005,53(24):9413-9423

Preparations of Echinacea are widely used as alternative remedies to prevent the common cold and infections in the upper respiratory tract. After extraction, fractionation, and isolation, the antioxidant activity of three extracts, one alkamide fraction, four polysaccharide-containing fractions, and three caffeic acid derivatives from Echinacea purpurea root was evaluated by measuring their inhibition of in vitro Cu(II)-catalyzed oxidation of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL). The antioxidant activities of the isolated caffeic acid derivatives were compared to those of echinacoside, caffeic acid, and rosmarinic acid for reference. The order of antioxidant activity of the tested substances was cichoric acid > echinacoside > or = derivative II > or = caffeic acid > or = rosmarinic acid > derivative I. Among the extracts the 80% aqueous ethanolic extract exhibited a 10 times longer lag phase prolongation (LPP) than the 50% ethanolic extract, which in turn exhibited a longer LPP than the water extract. Following ion-exchange chromatography of the water extract, the majority of its antioxidant activity was found in the latest eluted fraction (H2O-acidic 3). The antioxidant activity of the tested Echinacea extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds was dose dependent. Synergistic antioxidant effects of Echinacea constituents were found when cichoric acid (major caffeic acid derivative in E. purpurea) or echinacoside (major caffeic acid derivative in Echinacea pallida and Echinacea angustifolia) were combined with a natural mixture of alkamides and/or a water extract containing the high molecular weight compounds. This contributes to the hypothesis that the physiologically beneficial effects of Echinacea are exerted by the multitude of constituents present in the preparations.  相似文献   

Evaluation of serum lidocaine/monoethylglycylxylidide concentration to assess shunt closure in dogs with extrahepatic portosystemic shunts     

Nausikaa Devriendt  Gonalo Serrano  Siska Croubels  Emmelie Stock  Eva Vandermeulen  Dominique Paepe  Jennifer von Luckner  Hilde de Rooster 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》2021,35(1):261-268

  相似文献   

First robot-assisted radical prostatectomy in a client-owned Bernese mountain dog with prostatic adenocarcinoma     

Alexander Schlake DVM  Paolo Dell'Oglio MD  Nausikaa Devriendt DVM  DECVS  Lisa Stammeleer DVM  Anna Binetti DVM  Kevin Bauwens BSc  BBioTech  MBiS  MLAS  Naomi Terriere DVM  Jimmy Saunders DVM  DECVDI  Alexandre Mottrie MD  PhD  Hilde de Rooster DVM  PhD  DECVS 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2020,49(7):1458-1466

  相似文献   

Use of contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography in the diagnosis of a liver lobe torsion in a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus)     

Emmelie Stock  Katrien Vanderperren  Ilse Moeremans  Hilde de Rooster  Katleen Hermans  Jimmy H. Saunders 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2020,61(4):31-35

A 1‐year‐old male French Lop rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was presented with a sudden onset of hyporexia. Physical examination revealed cranial abdominal discomfort. Liver enzymes were elevated on serum biochemistry profile. Abdominal radiographs showed diffusely gas‐dilated small intestinal loops. On abdominal ultrasound, a lobe in the right aspect of the liver was hypoechoic with rounded margins and was surrounded by hyperechoic fat and anechoic fluid. Contrast‐enhanced ultrasonography showed complete lack of perfusion in the abnormal right liver lobe. Exploratory laparotomy revealed torsion of the quadrate liver lobe. Diffuse coagulation necrosis was noted on histopathologic examination. The rabbit fully recovered after surgery.  相似文献   

Reciprocal TH17 and regulatory T cell differentiation mediated by retinoic acid   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Mucida D  Park Y  Kim G  Turovskaya O  Scott I  Kronenberg M  Cheroutre H 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5835):256-260

The cytokine transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) converts na?ve T cells into regulatory T (Treg) cells that prevent autoimmunity. However, in the presence of interleukin-6 (IL-6), TGF-beta has also been found to promote the differentiation of na?ve T lymphocytes into proinflammatory IL-17 cytokine-producing T helper 17 (T(H)17) cells, which promote autoimmunity and inflammation. This raises the question of how TGF-beta can generate such distinct outcomes. We identified the vitamin A metabolite retinoic acid as a key regulator of TGF-beta-dependent immune responses, capable of inhibiting the IL-6-driven induction of proinflammatory T(H)17 cells and promoting anti-inflammatory Treg cell differentiation. These findings indicate that a common metabolite can regulate the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory immunity.  相似文献