Abnormal accumulation of G2/M-phase cells from LEC strain rats after X-irradiation at S phase.     

M Hayashi  T Kuzumi  S Arai  T Okui 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(8):975-978

The effect of X-irradiation on the progression of the cell cycle in cell lines from LEC and WKAH rats was investigated by a flow cytometer. When the cells were exposed to 5 Gy of X-rays at S phase, the proportion of S-phase cells in both cell populations decreased with incubation time and that of G2/M-phase cells was approximately 80% at 6 hr post-irradiation. At 12 hr post-irradiation, approximately 45% of the WKAH rat cells appeared in the G1 phase. However, 80-90% of LEC rat cells remained in the G2/M phase and less than 5% in the G1 phase during 6-12 hr post-irradiation. Thus, the LEC rat cells irradiated at S phase remained in the G2/M phase for at least 6 hr longer than did the WKAH rat cells.  相似文献   

Synthesis and insecticidal activity of novel 1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one and pyrazolin-5-one derivatives     

Kazuo Yagi  Akira Numata  Norihiko Mimori  Toshiro Miyake  Kazutaka Arai  Shigeru Ishii 《Pest management science》1999,55(2):161-165

A series of novel 2-(2,4,6-trisubstituted phenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one derivatives and 3-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)pyrazolin-5-one derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for insecticidal activity. It was found that a moderately bulky alkyl group, such as a tert-butyl group, on the heterocyclic ring, and a trifluoromethyl group on the benzene ring were optimal substituents on the molecule. The oxygen atom in the oxadiazoline ring was essential for insecticidal activity. Of the compounds assayed, 4-tert-butyl-2-(2,6-dichloro-4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazolin-5-one gave the highest activity against Nephtotettix cincticeps, with an LC₅₀ value of 0.51 mg litre⁻¹. © 1999 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

RAPD variation in wild, weedy and cultivated azuki beans in Asia   总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12  

Makiko Mimura  Kentaro Yasuda  Hirofumi Yamaguchi 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2000,47(6):603-610

RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) variation was assessed in 42 accessions of azuki bean (Vigna angularis) including wild, weedy and cultivated races and in three accessions of two related species used as outgroups. A much lower level of genetic variation was observed in cultivated and weedy azuki beans compared to wild azuki bean. Wild azuki bean (V. angularis var. nipponensis) has relatively high genetic variation in subtropical highlands of Asia compared to the Far East. Although cultivated azuki bean has low RAPD variation, accessions from subtropical highlands and Southeast Asia showed different RAPD features compared to those of the Far East. It is hypothesized that the cultivated azuki bean has been derived from wild azuki bean in the Far East; the high variation in wild azuki bean has been created through its natural dissemination; and the relatively low variation in cultivated azuki bean has come about through human dissemination after genetic bottleneck reduced by domestication. In addition, high genetic diversity in wild azuki bean in subtropical highlands of Asia is regarded as an important genetic resource in azuki improvement.  相似文献   

Effects of cannabidiol without delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on canine atopic dermatitis: A retrospective assessment of 8 cases     

Chie Mogi  Masanori Yoshida  Koji Kawano  Takaaki Fukuyama  Toshiro Arai 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2022,63(4):423

Objective We aimed to examine the effects of cannabidiol (CBD)-containing hemp oil without delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) as a supplemental treatment for canine atopic dermatitis (CAD), as well as its adverse effects, and effects on concurrent drug use in dogs.Animal In this retrospective case series, 8 dogs with CAD were diagnosed by veterinary dermatologists certified by the Japanese Society of Veterinary Dermatology.Procedure The medical records of dogs supplemented with CBD-containing hemp oil were evaluated with respect to signalment, physical examination, plasma C-reactive protein concentrations, pharmacologic management, the CAD Extent and Severity Index (4th iteration), and the Pruritus Visual Analog Scale.Results Overall, CBD, used as a supplement in combination with other drugs, was well-tolerated over a wide dose range and decreased the occurrence of pruritus in dogs with CAD when ingested twice a day.Conclusion This study provides the first report of supplementation with CBD without THC that was effective in controlling pruritic behavior in dogs with CAD.Clinical relevance Further controlled studies are required to investigate the dose range, efficacy, and safety.  相似文献   

Effect of dietary taurine and cystine on growth performance of juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major     

Hiroyuki Matsunari  Hirofumi Furuita  Shin-Kwon Kim  Toshio Takeuchi 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》2008,274(1):142-147

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of dietary taurine and cystine on growth and body composition of juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major. In Experiment I, a casein-based semi-purified diet included a small amount of fish meal were supplemented with taurine at the levels of 0 (control) and 1.0%. The experimental diets in Experiment II were without fishmeal and supplemented with taurine at 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0% or cystine at 1.0 and 2.0%. These diets were fed three times a day for 6 weeks to fish (average body weight: 2.3 g in Experiment I and 2.5 g in Experiment II). In Experiment I, fish fed the taurine-supplemented diet showed significantly (P < 0.05) improved growth, feed efficiency and feed consumption relative to fish fed the unsupplemental diet. The whole body taurine content increased, whereas the non-essential amino acid contents decreased, in fish fed the taurine-supplemental diet compared to fish fed the unsupplemented diet. In Experiment II, the growth, feed efficiency and feed consumption of fish fed the taurine-supplemented diets, irrespective of the dietary taurine levels, were significantly higher than those of fish fed the control diet and the cystine-supplemented diets. Taurine content in the whole body increased with the dietary taurine level, while the taurine contents did not increase by the supplemental cystine. Other free amino acid contents in the taurine-supplemented diet groups followed similar trends to those in Experiment I. These results indicate that supplemental taurine to a casein-based semi-purified diet at more than 0.5% improved the growth and feed performance of juvenile red sea bream. It is also suggested that juvenile red sea bream cannot metabolize cystine into taurine.  相似文献   

Horizontal and vertical movement of Mekong giant catfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pangasianodon gigas</Emphasis> measured using acoustic telemetry in Mae Peum Reservoir,Thailand   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Hiromichi Mitamura  Yasushi Mitsunaga  Nobuaki Arai  Yukiko Yamagishi  Metha Khachaphichat  Thavee Viputhanumas 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(4):787-795

Abstract:   The horizontal and vertical movements of eight immature hatchery-reared Mekong giant catfish Pangasianodon gigas were monitored using acoustic telemetry in Mae Peum Reservoir, Thailand between 2003 and 2004. The fish were monitored for between eight days and more than 9 months. All of the fish moved over the entire reservoir within approximately 40 days after release. Subsequently, the home range became small approximately 40 days after release. The fish preferred deep areas in the reservoir. The fish displayed diel horizontal and vertical movement patterns. The fish showed larger-scale horizontal movement during the daytime than at night. The fish repeatedly showed active vertical movement during the day, whilst there was little variation in swimming depth at night. Our results imply that the vertical movements of the fish were related to the environmental condition of the reservoir.  相似文献   

Movements of immature hatchery-reared Mekong giant catfish <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pangasianodon gigas</Emphasis> released in the Mekong River,measured using acoustic telemetry   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Hiromichi Mitamura  Yasushi Mitsunaga  Nobuaki Arai  Thavee Viputhanumas 《Fisheries Science》2008,74(5):1034-1039

Twenty-eight immature hatchery-reared Mekong giant catfish Pangasianodon gigas tagged with acoustic transmitters were released in the Mekong River, Thailand from 2002 to 2004. Twenty-four and four fish were tagged with normal transmitters and pressure-sensitive transmitters, respectively. Five to seven automated monitoring receivers were used for monitoring the post-release movements. The tagged catfish could be detected for up to 97 days, the first detection taking place at the release point, where the fish remained for several days. Sixteen tagged fish (57%) were not detected at any later point. These fish may have passed along the opposite (Laos) side of the river without notice because the width of the river was larger than the detection range of the transmitter. The remaining 12 tagged fish (43%) could be detected by the receivers installed, excluding the release point receiver. Of these 12 tagged fish, six showed long-distance (30–80 km) upstream movements and one long-distance (50 km) downstream movement. These seven fish (25%) were detected only during the daytime, suggesting that the Mekong giant catfish is diurnal.  相似文献   

An interpretation of the conductometric titration curve of humic acid     

Shigemitsu Arai  Kyoichi Kumada 《Geoderma》1977,19(1):21-35

Methods of fractionating the functional groups of humic acid by conductometric titration were examined. Replacement titration, in which a sample solution is titrated with a standard acid solution after adding an excess amount of a standard base, seems to be a suitable method. By this method, the functional groups of humic acid were fractionated into three clusters of different dissociation constants, designated as VW (very weak), W (weak), and S (strong) clusters. The VW cluster was presumed to include phenolic hydroxyl residues, carboxyl residues and nitrogenous bases of very high pK's. The W cluster was presumed to include various aliphatic and aromatic carboxyl residues and nitrogenous bases of medium pK's, whereas the S cluster was presumed to include carboxyl residues of low pK₁ of salicylate or phthalate. A humic acid sample obtained from the A horizon of Shitara “kuroboku” soil had 0.78 me/g of the VW cluster, 3.24 me/g of the W cluster and 1.90 me/g of the S cluster.  相似文献   

Influence of decreasing water temperature and shortening of the light phase on macronutrient self-selection by rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss and common carp Cyprinus carpio   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Takeshi Yamamoto  Takao Shima  Hirofumi Furuita  Manabu Shiraishi  F Javier Sánchez-Vázquez  Mitsuo Tabata 《Fisheries Science》2001,67(3):420-429

SUMMARY: Macronutrient self-selection patterns in rainbow trout and common carp, which were maintained in groups, were examined when both water temperature and duration of light phase gradually decreased. Three semipurified macronutrient diets composed mainly of protein (casein and gelatin; crude protein (CP) = 65%), fat (pollock oil and soybean oil; crude fat (CF) = 38%), or digestible carbohydrate (dextrin and gelatinized starch; crude starch (CS) = 57%) were offered to five groups of trout (20 fish/group, 51 g/fish) and carp (15 fish/group, 36 g/fish) using three self-feeders. A standard diet (ST) containing the three macronutrients at an appropriate ratio (CP = 47%, CF = 14%, CS = 25%) was also offered to three groups each by a single self-feeder. After an initial 3 weeks of experiencing a long photoperiod (14 h light : 10 h dark cycle) and high water temperature (trout, 17°C; carp, 25°C), the light phase and temperature were gradually decreased in the following 3 weeks to 10 h light : 14 h dark, and 8°C for trout and 13°C for carp, and feeding was continued for a further 3 weeks under low temperature and short photoperiod conditions. Growth and protein utilization parameters between the ST diet self-fed groups and macronutrient diet self-selection groups were not different ( P > 0.05) for both trout and carp. Trout preferred the high-protein diet (HP) to the high-fat and the high-carbohydrate diets ( P < 0.05) regardless of the changes in water temperature and photoperiod. Carp also preferred the HP diet ( P < 0.01) under the high temperature and long photoperiod conditions; however, this preference gradually disappeared with lower temperatures and shorter photoperiods. These results suggest that the most appropriate macronutrient ratios in carp diets change with environmental conditions.  相似文献   

Induction of viable gynogenetic progeny using eggs and UV-irradiated sperm from the Chinese tetraploid loach, Misgurnus anguillicaudatus     

Ya-Juan Li  Zhuo Yu  Ming-Zhao Zhang  Cong Qian  Syuiti Abe  Katsutoshi Arai 《Aquaculture International》2013,21(4):759-768

When eggs from the Chinese tetraploid loach that had 100 chromosomes were fertilized with UV-irradiated sperm, we obtained viable gynogenetic progeny without any additional treatment for the duplication of maternal chromosomes, which survived beyond first feeding towards adult stage of development. Gynogenetic progeny were determined to be diploid since they possessed 50 chromosomes, along with two chromosomes bearing nucleolar organizing regions (NORs), detected by silver nitrate staining (Ag-NORs), chromomycin-A₃ (CMA₃)-positive sites and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) signals for rDNA loci. In contrast, when gynogens were induced using eggs from diploid loach fertilized by UV-irradiated sperm, but without chromosome doubling, we found that all resultant progeny were non-viable haploid gynogens with 25 chromosomes, along with one NOR-bearing chromosome detected by Ag-NORs, CMA₃ and FISH. These observations demonstrate the true genetic tetraploid nature of the Chinese loach possessing 100 chromosomes, and the potential use of this tetraploid as a source of functional diploid gametes for further ploidy manipulation experiments.  相似文献