Horn-degrading bacteria associated with “gidoh” [Japanese] in Thoroughbred horses,and their antimicrobial susceptibility     

A. Kuwano  H. Niwa  A. Ookuma  K. Arai 《Journal of Equine Veterinary Science》2013

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Brainstem auditory evoked potentials in cattle sedated with xylazine          下载免费PDF全文

Shozo Arai 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》2008,72(3):287-290

This study examined the effect of sedation with xylazine on the brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) of cattle to determine whether sedation causes differences in waveform configuration, peak latencies, interpeak latencies, measurement time of the average count (2000 responses), and clinical signs. There were no significant differences between the sedation and no-sedation groups in peak latency of any stimulus intensities. In the sedation group, the baselines of waveforms were comparatively stabilized. Those in the no-sedation group were unstable, however, because the measurement can be influenced by excessive muscle movement. The present findings suggest that clinically, it is useful to use a sedative when measuring BAEP in cattle to control excessive movement of the cattle without influencing the peak latencies.  相似文献   

Retrospective diagnosis of feline GM2 gangliosidosis variant 0 (Sandhoff-like disease) in Japan: possible spread of the mutant allele in the Japanese domestic cat population     

Yamato O  Hayashi D  Satoh H  Shoda T  Uchida K  Nakayama H  Sakai H  Masegi T  Murai A  Iida T  Hisada H  Hisada A  Yamasaki M  Maede Y  Arai T 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(8):813-818

GM2 gangliosidosis variant 0 (human Sandhoff disease) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by simultaneous deficiencies of acid beta-hexosaminidase (Hex) A and Hex B due to an abnormality of beta-subunit, a common component in these enzyme molecules, which is coded by the HEXB gene. In the present study, a retrospective diagnosis was performed in 2 previous suspected cases of feline Sandhoff-like disease using a DNA test to detect the causative mutation identified previously in 4 cats in 2 other families of Japanese domestic cats. Enzymic analysis was also performed using stored leukocytes and plasma collected from the subject families in order to investigate the usefulness of enzymic diagnosis and genotyping of carriers. The DNA test suggested that the 2 cases were homozygous recessive for the mutation. Consequently, 6 cats homozygous for the same mutation have been found in 4 separate locations of Japan, suggesting that this mutant allele may be spread widely in the Japanese domestic cat populations. In enzymic analysis, Hex A and Hex B activities in leukocytes and plasma measured using 4-methylumbelliferyl N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide as a substrate were negligible in affected cats, compared with those in normal and carrier cats. However, there was a wide overlap in enzyme activity between normal and carrier cats. Therefore, it was concluded that enzymic analysis is useful for diagnosis of affected cats, but is not acceptable for genotyping of carriers.  相似文献   

Molecular characterization of an H1N2 swine influenza virus isolated in Miyazaki, Japan, in 2006   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Saito T  Suzuki H  Maeda K  Inai K  Takemae N  Uchida Y  Tsunemitsu H 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(4):423-427

Swine influenza virus (SIV) was isolated from a farm in Miyazaki Prefecture in Japan in July 2006. An isolate was genetically subtyped as H1N2 and was designated A/swine/Miyazaki/1/2006 (H1N2). The nucleotide sequences of all eight viral RNA segments were determined, and then phylogenetic analysis was performed using the neighbor-joining method. All segments were shown to be closely related to those of Japanese SIV H1N2 isolates, which have been circulating since the 1980s. The results indicate the persistence of the SIV H1N2 subtype in the Japanese pig population for more than two decades and emphasize the importance of continuous surveillance for SIV.  相似文献   

Generation of monoclonal antibody against canine neural-cell adhesion molecule     

Uematsu Y  Yamaguchi T  Koike A  Yagihara H  Hasegawa D  Matsuki N  Ono K  Washizu T  Arai T  Bonkobara M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(8):845-847

A monoclonal antibody, K9BYU, was generated using Escherichia coli recombinant extracellular domain of canine neural-cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) as an antigen. Immunoreactivity of K9BYU to insect cell recombinant canine N-CAM was demonstrated by Western blotting using Sf9 insect cells transfected with the canine N-CAM gene. In Western blotting against canine brain tissue, K9BYU detected three isoforms of N-CAM that correspond to three major isoforms of human and mouse N-CAM (N-CAM-120, -140, and -180). From these results, K9BYU was considered to be a useful tool for research of canine N-CAM.  相似文献   

Adjusting for heterogeneity of variance for carcass traits affects single and multiple trait selections in genetic evaluation of Japanese Black cattle     

Hirofumi NAKAOKA  Claude GAILLARD  Takayuki IBI  Yotaro SASAE  Yoshiyuki SASAKI 《Animal Science Journal》2008,79(6):645-654

Heterogeneity of variance among subclasses of an effect is a potential source of bias in genetic evaluation. Degrees of the heterogeneity of variance among farm‐market‐year‐sex (FMYS) subclasses for carcass weight, beef marbling standard number, rib‐eye area, rib thickness and subcutaneous fat thickness were investigated in Japanese Black cattle. Consequences of adjusting for the heterogeneity on the predicted breeding values (PBVs) or on the genetic indexes derived from the PBVs of the five carcass traits were assessed. A total of 57 461 records were collected between 1997 and 2002 from steers and heifers fattened at farms across Japan. These records were grouped into 1591 FMYS subclasses. Bartlett's test showed that the degree of the heterogeneity of variance among the FMYS subclasses was sizeable in all traits (P < 0.0001). By applying a two‐step adjustment procedure it was possible to reduce the standard deviation, the coefficient of variation and the Gini coefficient of the phenotypic variances by 67.5% to 75.0% in the different traits. The applied adjustment caused a substantial re‐ranking of elite dams in the PBV for each trait as well as in the genetic index. This study provided evidence that the applied adjustment reduces the bias in the PBVs due to heterogeneous variances and increases the accuracy of bull‐dam selection.  相似文献   

Effects of high ambient temperature on plasma metabolomic profiles in chicks          下载免费PDF全文

Shozo Tomonaga  Hirofumi Okuyama  Tetsuya Tachibana  Ryosuke Makino 《Animal Science Journal》2018,89(2):448-455

Exposure to high ambient temperature is detrimental to the poultry industry. To understand the influence from a metabolic perspective, we investigated the effects of exposure to high ambient temperature on plasma low‐molecular‐weight metabolite levels in chicks using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry‐based non‐targeted metabolomic analysis. Heat exposure for 4 days suppressed growth and food intake. Of the 92 metabolites identified, the levels of 29 decreased, whereas the levels of nine increased. We performed an enrichment analysis on the identified metabolites and found 35 candidates for metabolic processes affected by heat exposure. Among them, the sulfur amino acid metabolic pathway was clearly detected and the levels of the following related metabolites were decreased: cystathionine, cysteine, cystine, homocysteine and hypotaurine. Changes in the kynurenine pathway in tryptophan metabolism, which is linked to the immune system and oxidative stress, were also observed: kynurenine and quinolinic acid levels increased, whereas nicotinamide levels decreased. These results suggest the possible involvement of various metabolic processes in heat‐exposed chicks. Some of these metabolites would be important to understand the mechanism of biological responses to high ambient temperature in chicks.  相似文献   

RFLPs of chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA in wild soybean, Glycine soja, growing in China     

Yoshiya Shimamoto  Hirofumi Fukushi  Jun Abe  Akira Kanazawa  Junyi Gai  Zhong Gao  Donghe Xu 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》1998,45(5):433-439

RFLPs of chloroplast (cp) and mitochondrial (mt) DNA have been used to characterize the cytoplasmic genome of wild soybean, Glycine soja, growing in China. We have found from the RFLPs of that the cytoplasmic genomes of most Chinese wild soybeans have a combination of cpIII with mt-a or a combination of cpII with mt-b accompanied by mtIV or mtV according to our classification. CpII was not observed in combination with mt-a and cpIII was not observed in combination with mt-b. The regional distribution of these two types showed clines with opposite directions. The Yangtze River Valley had the greatest diversity in each of cp and two mt profiles detected in this study and the cytoplasmic genome combining these three profiles showed the highest degree of polymorphism in this region. The Yangtze River Valley may be a center of cytoplasmic diversity of wild soybean and may contain various genetic resources of soybean.  相似文献   

A Comparison of the Plasma Fructose Concentrations in Dogs and Cats and Changes in the Fructose Concentrations in Dogs Following Intravenous Administration of Fructose     

Arai  T.  Hashimoto  K.  Muzutani  H.  Kawabata  T.  Sako  T.  Washizu  T. 《Veterinary research communications》1999,23(4):203-209

The plasma concentrations of fructose, glucose, free fatty acids (FFA) and triglycerides (TG) were measured in dogs and cats. Changes in these concentrations were investigated in dogs by an intravenous fructose tolerance test (IVFTT) at a dose of 0.1 g/kg body weight. Fructose concentrations in the plasma of dogs were significantly higher than those of cats. There was no significant difference in plasma glucose concentrations between dogs and cats. Plasma FFA concentrations decreased and TG concentrations increased after feeding in both dogs and cats. During the IVFTT, the plasma fructose concentrations in the dogs increased rapidly to a peak by 2 min and then decreased to half of the peak by 5 min after the administration of fructose. Administration of fructose resulted in an increase in the plasma TG concentrations and reduced plasma FFA concentrations in the dogs. Only 4% of the administered fructose was detected in the urine of dogs following IVFTT. Plasma fructose was considered to be rapidly absorbed and metabolized in both dogs and cats. However, as with glucose metabolism, there appear to be some differences in fructose metabolism between dogs and cats.  相似文献   

Bioremediation of trichloroethylene and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene-contaminated groundwater by methane-utilizing bacteria.     

K Arai  T Tsubone  T Takechi  T Inoue 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1999,61(7):861-863

Experimental studies on the bioremediation of groundwater contaminated with low concentration trichloroethylene (TCE) and cis1,2-dichloroethylene (DCE) were performed with two sets of bioreactors. Reactors No. 1 and No. 2 were operated without and with methane supplement, respectively. No inoculum was used. The concentrations of TCE and DCE in the effluent and the off gas from reactor No. 2 were much lower than those from reactor No. 1. When air and an H2O2 solution were supplied to reactor No. 2, concentrations of TCE and DCE in the effluent and the off gas were lower than the lowest detectable limit. The population of methane-utilizing bacteria in reactor No. 2 was 1,000 times higher than that in groundwater or in the effluent from reactor No. 1. These methane-utilizing bacteria were apparently attributable to the treatment of TCE.  相似文献