Ploidy variation of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) resources and geographic distribution in Japan     

Ikuo Kataoka  Toru Mizugami  Jin Gook Kim  Kenji Beppu  Tetsuo Fukuda  Shuji Sugahara  Koji Tanaka  Hirofumi Satoh  Kazuhiro Tozawa 《Scientia Horticulturae》2010

Survey on the wild genetic resources of hardy kiwifruit (Actinidia arguta) in Japan was conducted to determine the ploidy variation and its geographic distribution. Among the 127 wild plants collected from different geographic locations, 15 plants were diploid, 87 were tetraploid, and 22 were hexaploid. Additionally, 2 plants were heptaploid and one plant was octaploid. The tetraploid plants were distributed all over the country, whereas the diploid and hexaploid plants were geographically localized, in the warm Pacific hill areas of the south western part and in the deep-snow region of the mid-northern part of Honshu, respectively. The diploid plants could be clearly distinguished from other plants with ploidy variation by the morphological characteristics of the leaf and fruit. Hexaploid plants showed a relatively larger L/D ratio of the leaf blade, a greenish petiole, and pubescence on the petiole and lower leaf vein, whereas the tetraploid plants exhibited a reddish petiole and callose hairs on the vein of the lower leaf surface. Fruit shape of the tetraploid plants varied largely, from round to ellipsoidal, whereas that of the hexaploid plants was mostly ellipsoidal. These results indicate that the hexaploid plants of A. arguta as well as the diploid and tetraploid ones, naturally grow in a certain size of population in the restricted region of Japan.  相似文献   

Reduction of ferric chelate caused by various wood-rot fungi     

Hirofumi Hirai  Ryuichiro Kondo  Kokki Sakai  Yoshio Watanabe  Ryuichiro Kurane 《Journal of Wood Science》1999,45(3):262-265

The reduction of ferric chelate caused by various wood-rot fungi was analyzed. Ferric chelate reductive activity was detected in cell-free extracts of seven wood-rot fungi:Phanerochaete chrysosporium, P. sordida YK-624,Ganoderma sp. YK-505,Coriolus versicolor, Bjerkandera adusta, Tyromyces palustris, andGloeophyllum trabeum. These fungi produced NADPH- or NADH-dependent ferric chelate reductive enzymes (or both) of different molecular weight. In the liquid culture ofP. sordida YK-624 andC. versicolor, a positive correlation was observed between extracellular MnP activity and intracellular NADPH-dependent ferric chelate reductive activity.  相似文献   

Moisture Distribution and Texture of Various Types of Cooked Spaghetti     

Kentaro Irie  Akemi K. Horigane  Shigehiro Naito  Hirofumi Motoi  Mitsuru Yoshida 《Cereal Chemistry》2004,81(3):350-355

Cooked spaghetti of various types (fresh, dried, frozen, luncheon, and long‐life spaghetti) was examined for moisture distribution by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Moisture content was calculated from spinspin relaxation time (T₂) of water proton, based on the correlation between T₂ and moisture content of pulverized durum semolina standard gel samples. Boiled samples of dried and frozen spaghetti had a distinct low moisture region at the center, which was not clearly observed in the other types of boiled spaghetti samples. In particular, the moisture content of boiled long‐life spaghetti was almost homogeneous. Texture of cooked spaghetti samples was evaluated using the force‐distance curve of a mechanical property test. For dried and frozen spaghetti, higher force was observed at the region corresponding to the low moisture core compared with the other types. The luncheon spaghetti and long‐life spaghetti showed a lower breaking force and a larger dip after the peak force representing soft and brittle texture caused by moisture homogeneity. These results indicated that MRI could be used for the quality evaluation of cooked spaghetti through imaging of the moisture distribution, which reflects the mechanical property.  相似文献   

Synthesis and fungicidal activity against Pyricularia oryzae of 6-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) chromone and -1-thiochromone derivatives     

Satoshi Gotoda  Nobuyoshi Takahashi  Hirofumi Nakagawa  Mitsuyuki Murakami  Tomoko Takechi  Tomozo Komura  Toshiro Uchida  Yasushi Takagi 《Pest management science》1998,52(4):309-320

A series of novel 6-(1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) chromone and -1-thiochromone (benzo[b]thiazin-4-one) derivatives was obtained by cyclisation via thiosemicarbazides which were prepared by reaction of hydrazines and the corresponding isothiocyanates. Their fungicidal activity was evaluated against the rice blast fungus Pyricularia oryzae. Of this series, 2,5,8-trimethyl-6-(1-propyl-5-thioxo-3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl) chromone, 6-(1-butyl-5-thioxo-3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-2,5,8-trimethylchromone, 6-(1-hexyl-3-methyl-5-thioxo-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-2,5,8-trimethylchromone and 6-(1-allyl-5-thioxo-3-trifluoromethyl-1,2,4-triazol-4-yl)-2,5,8-trimethylchromone were highly active (pEC₅₀>6·0). Structure–activity relationship studies using the capacity factor k′ as a hydrophobicity index suggested that the log k′ optimum for 2,5,8-trimethyl-chromone and -1-thiochromone derivatives was around 1·0, equivalent to a log P_ow value of c. 4·4. © 1998 SCI  相似文献   

Role of the C-Terminal Region of Vervet Monkey Polyomavirus 1 VP1 in Virion Formation     

Hiroki YAMAGUCHI  Shintaro KOBAYASHI  Junki MARUYAMA  Michihito SASAKI  Ayato TAKADA  Takashi KIMURA  Hirofumi SAWA  Yasuko ORBA 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(5):637-644

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Prognostic Analyses on Anatomical and Morphological Classification of Feline Lymphoma     

Hirofumi SATO  Yasuhito FUJINO  Junko CHINO  Masashi TAKAHASHI  Kenjiro FUKUSHIMA  Yuko GOTO-KOSHINO  Kazuyuki UCHIDA  Koichi OHNO  Hajime TSUJIMOTO 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2014,76(6):807-811

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Effects of beer and hop on ionotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors     

Aoshima H  Takeda K  Okita Y  Hossain SJ  Koda H  Kiso Y 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(7):2514-2519

Beer induced the response of the ionotropic gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors (GABA(A) receptors) expressed in Xenopus oocytes, indicating the presence of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-like activity. Furthermore, the pentane extract of the beer, hop (Humulus lupulus L.) oil, and myrcenol potentiated the GABA(A) receptor response elicited by GABA. The GABA(A) receptor responses were also potentiated by the addition of aliphatic esters, most of which are reported to be present in beer flavor. Aliphatic esters showed the tendency to decrease in the potentiation of the GABA(A) receptor response with an increase in their carbon chain length. When myrcenol was injected to mice prior to intraperitoneal administration of pentobarbital, the pentobarbital-induced sleeping time of mice increased additionally. Therefore, the beer contained not only GABA-like activity but also the modulator(s) of the GABA(A) receptor response.  相似文献   

Effects of Daily Kelp (Laminaria japonica) Intake on Body Composition,Serum Lipid Levels,and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Healthy Japanese Adults: A Randomized,Double-Blind Study     

Seiichiro Aoe  Chiemi Yamanaka  Hirofumi Ohtoshi  Fumiko Nakamura  Suguru Fujiwara 《Marine drugs》2021,19(7)

To investigate whether supplementation with iodine-reduced kelp (Laminaria japonica) powder decreases body fat composition in overweight Japanese subjects, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study was conducted in 50 Japanese subjects with body mass index (BMI) ≥25 and <30 kg/m². Subjects were randomly assigned to consume thirty tablets/d (10 tablets orally, 3 times/d) containing either iodine-reduced kelp powder (test, 6 g kelp powder corresponding to 3 g alginate/d) or kelp-free powder (placebo) for 8 weeks. Anthropometric measurements, blood lipids, and serum thyroid hormone levels were obtained before and after the trial. Body fat percentage was significantly decreased in male subjects from the test group compared with the placebo group. The same tendency was observed for body weight (p = 0.065) and BMI (p = 0.072) in male subjects. No significant changes in anthropometric measurements or visceral fat area were observed in female subjects. Serum thyroid hormone concentrations did not increase after 1.03 mg/d of iodine supplementation through kelp intake. The intake of iodine-reduced kelp powder led to significant and safe reductions in body fat percentage in overweight male subjects. The consumption of kelp high in alginate may contribute to preventing obesity without influencing thyroid function in Japanese subjects with a relatively high intake of iodine from seaweed.  相似文献   

Biometric analysis on diversity of coconut palm: cultivar classification by botanical and agronomical traits     

Yukio Sugimura  Morihide Itano  Christine D. Salud  Kazuya Otsuji  Hirofumi Yamaguchi 《Euphytica》1997,98(1-2):29-35

Botanical and agronomical traits were observed using 39 cultivars of coconut palms which mainly collected in the PhilipApines, and statistically analyzed to clarify the variation between and within cultivar groups (typica, nana and javanica). Although there were broad variations in all the traits except for several male flower characters, significant differences among three cultivars were found in a dozen of traits. The variation within a cultivar group was higher in typica and javanica. Nana was noted as an aggregate group, which was far distance from typica. Javanica was characterized as the intermediate group having overlapping boundaries with other groups. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.  相似文献   

Experimental studies on sulfur dioxide injuries in higher plants     

Hirofumi Tanaka  Toshiharu Takanashi  Michihiko Yatazawa 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1972,1(2):205-211

Reversible decrease in CO₂ fixation has been reported in rice plants exposed to low concentrations of SO₂ (Matsuoka et al., 1969). Alpha hydroxy sulfonate is thought to form in leaves by an addition-reaction between plant aldehyde and SO₂, and to inhibit the process of the photosynthesis. However, the identification of this compound in the leaves has not been successful. This report deals with the results of the radiochemical experiments to examine the occurrence of glyoxylate bisulfite, a-hydroxy sulfonate forms of glyoxylic acid in rice plant leaves exposed to radioactive sulfur dioxide. In plants exposed to SO₂, sufficient amounts of glyoxylate bisulfite could be formed and thereby inhibit the progress of the path from glicolic to glyoxylic acid.  相似文献