有机栽培水肥一体化系统设计与试验   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

李友丽  李银坤  郭文忠  赵倩  贾冬冬  聂铭君 《农业机械学报》2016,47(S1):273-279

A water and fertilizer integrated system for organic cultivation was designed. The system integrated functions of preparing and compounding organic liquid as well as automatical irrigation. Through different subroutines of the system, the aerobic fermentation of organic materials, liquid filtration, compounding and dilution of stock solution, and decision and execution of irrigation strategy can be conducted. Thus, the integration of preparation and management of nutrient solution in organic cultivation, as well as high efficiency and fine management in water and fertilizer could be achieved. In order to verify the reliability and applicability of the system, coconut chaff was selected as organic matrix and non soil and organic cultivation experiment of cucumber was carried out in the solar greenhouse. The results showed that the system was operated stably in preparation of organic liquid and management of water and fertilizer was good in cucumber cultivation. The mechanization and automation of organic fertilizer and water management was implemented. The yield of cucumber was up to 48165kg/hm2, the content of total soluble sugar, vitamin C and titratable acidity were 2.7%, 99.2mg/kg and 008%, respectively. The development and application of this system would break through the bottleneck that existed in water and fertilizer management in organic cultivation, and it had important realistic significances.  相似文献   

基质微波消毒设备设计     

周雪青  张晓文  邹岚  白洪涛 《农业工程》2016,6(5):100-104

基质作为栽培的核心,是决定植物根系生长环境的最主要因素,也是病虫害传播的媒介和繁殖场所。为实现设施内安全高效生产,有效避免和杜绝设施无土栽培土传病害的问题,利用微波消毒加热速度快、无污染和无残留的特点,设计开发了一种基于微波技术的基质消毒设备。试验测试结果表明,该机平均杀菌率95.57%,能够满足基质杀菌消毒要求。   相似文献   

基于机器视觉的帧种子数识别及其应用     

安爱琴  王玉顺  聂永芳  逄明华 《农机化研究》2013,35(4):171-173,194

首先,介绍了采用机器视觉的精播排种器性能检测方法;然后,在对获取样本图像进行处理的基础上,完成帧种子数的识别,利用采样频率和排种频率之间的关系,构造了帧种子数、帧型孔数和型孔种子数频数统计模型,计算出排种器性能指标。试验表明,此方法检测误差小,速度快,精度高。  相似文献   

亚热带常绿阔叶林迹地不同森林经营类型对土壤肥力的影响   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

郭玉文  陈仲庐 《植物营养与肥料学报》1998,4(4):407-413

常绿阔叶林迹地经营不同人工林类型使土壤容重增加了0.06～0.31g／cm3,土壤毛管孔限度、非毛管孔隙度、总孔限度分别降低了4.59～7.21百分点、3.95～10.98百分点、11.54～16.32百分点。6种森林类型土壤腐殖质、全N、全P含量均为A层高于B层,其中土壤腐殖质、全N平均含量顺序为:木荷与杉木混交＞鹅掌楸与杉木混交＞常绿阔叶林＞杉木＞鹅掌楸＞马尾松。土壤腐殖质与土壤全队总酚含量之间,全N与总酚含量之间相关系数分别为0.990、0.892、0.883,达权显著相关。6种森林类型中除马尾松林地土壤腐殖质HA／FA＜1外,其余5种森林土壤均为HA／FA＞1。木荷与杉木混交、鹅掌楸与杉木混交林土壤肥力明显好于单一树种栽培,而且有效地抑制了土壤多酚氧化酶活性。  相似文献   

复杂传动轴系扭振的递归传递矩阵法   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

陈奎孚  彭红涛  焦群英 《农业工程学报》1999,15(2):42-45

现有分支轴系的传递矩阵法不仅需针对具体传递结构编制程序,而且它的剩余扭矩存在奇点。作者指出传动系的拓扑结构为树型。利用这一特点,构造了一种递归格式,只须提供描述传动系的数据,无须多次编程和调试。通过对传递过程的修正,消除了余量函数的奇点。算例结果表明所提出的算法是稳定和高效的。  相似文献   

Effects of spraying rare earths on contents of rare Earth elements and effective components in tea   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

Wang D  Wang C  Ye S  Qi H  Zhao G 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(23):6731-6735

Rare earth (RE) fertilizer is widely applied in China to increase the yield and the quality of crops including tea. However, the effects of spraying RE fertilizer on the contents of rare earth elements (REE) and effective components in tea are unknown. The results from basin and field experiments show that the values of the REE concentrations in new shoots of tea plants and the concentration of REE in the soil (REE/REEs) either from control basins or from treatment basins were smaller than those in other parts of tea plant and similar between control and treatment. The longer the interval between spraying RE fertilizer and picking the shoots of tea plants, the less the effects from spraying. About 80% summation operator REE (the sum of the concentrations of 15 REE) in tea, whether it came from spraying or not, was insoluble in the infusion. About 10% the soluble REE of summation operator REE in tea infusion was bound to polysaccharide, and the amount of REE bound polysaccharide decreased over time. At least a 25 day safety interval is needed between spraying and picking if the microelement fertilizer is used, in order to enhance tea output and to ensure tea safety.  相似文献   

棉花胚囊超微结构的观察     

刘金兰  徐珍秀  聂以春 《棉花学报》1992,(1)

用石蜡切片扫描电镜观察技术,研究了陆地棉和棉属远缘杂种六倍体(陆地棉×雷蒙德氏棉)F_1的成熟胚囊结构。可清晰地观察到胚囊组织的各组成部分及其超微结构,如细胞核的核膜、核仁中的核仁丝、液泡膜、液泡中的内含物以及胚囊内突等。在六倍体(陆地棉×雷蒙德氏棉)F_1的一些异常胚囊中。除具有不完全的胚囊组成外,其它物质可分辨为细胞解体残物;一些未分化小细胞的堆积;或两者兼有。在光学显微镜下这三者分辨不清,都视为败育残体。  相似文献   

三峡库区澎溪河消落带落干期土壤硝化强度及影响因素     

方芳  王春明  冯磊  黄俊杰  李哲  郭劲松  高红涛 《保鲜与加工》2017,(3):40-49

研究了三峡库区澎溪河落干期消落带不同地点、不同高程段、不同土地利用方式下土壤硝化强度及影响因素。结果表明,研究区域消落带硝化强度范围为0.76~9.76 mg/kg·d,平均值为3.76±0.76 mg/kg·d,明显低于国内其他研究区域土壤硝化强度。澎溪河消落带从上游汉丰湖到下游黄石,土壤硝化强度呈现递减的趋势。随着高程的增加,消落带土壤硝化强度逐渐降低,但没有显著差异（P >0.05）。消落带不同土地利用方式中,河滩地土壤硝化强度显著高于耕地土壤硝化强度（P<0.05）,是耕地土壤硝化强度的1.82倍。消落带土壤硝化强度与土壤pH值呈显著正相关（P<0.05）,与有机质含量及亚硝化菌数量呈极显著正相关（P<0.01）,周期性的淹水影响了消落带土壤pH值和有机质含量,从而影响了消落带土壤硝化强度。  相似文献   

储粮害虫图像识别的研究进展及展望   总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14  

毛罕平  张红涛 《农业机械学报》2008,39(4):175-179

图像处理技术检测储粮害虫,具有快速、准确、可视化等优点.为了充分利用国内外的研究成果.促进我国在该领域的研究与应用,从内部害虫和外部害虫两个方面,综述了基于可见光、近红外和软x射线3种方法的计算机图像处理技术在储粮害虫自动识别中的研究进展,分析了各种方法的优缺点.提出今后应从新的特征提取、活虫与死虫的识别、早期害虫侵害的检测、动态图像的研究、自动传输机构的研制等方面开展深入研究.以实现粮虫的自动检测.  相似文献   

农业机械化对农业产出的贡献率   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

罗红旗  熊光洁  沈晓红  聂学俊 《农机化研究》2009,31(6)

测算出农业机械化对农业生产的贡献份额,有助于从总体上把握农业机械化的发展水平、发展潜力和发展趋势,为制定农业机械化政策提供可靠有力的理论依据.为此,分析了"有无比较"法及"生产函数"法应用于测算农业机械化贡献率的情况,并以湖南省为实例,采用"有无比较"法计算了农业机械化对农业产出的贡献率.  相似文献