银杏-杜仲叶发酵物对脂多糖应激肉仔鸡的肠道功能和免疫反应的影响     

张旭晖  曹银娣  孙智远  陈玉连  曹福亮 《动物营养学报》2023,(4):2196-2208

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加银杏-杜仲叶发酵物（FGEL）对脂多糖（LPS）应激肉仔鸡的生长性能、肠道结构、消化吸收功能和免疫反应的影响，并与未发酵银杏-杜仲叶（GEL）进行比较。采用2×3双因子试验设计，即2种免疫应激处理（腹腔注射LPS或注射等量生理盐水）和3种饲粮处理（基础饲粮及在基础饲粮中添加0.40%GEL或0.40%FGEL的试验饲粮）。选取1日龄健康爱拔益加（AA）肉仔鸡360只，随机分为6个处理，每个处理均设6个重复，每个重复10只鸡。试验期为21 d。在试验第13、15、17、19和21天，3个应激处理的试鸡腹腔注射500μg/kg BW的LPS，其他3个处理注射等量的生理盐水。在试验第21天最后1次注射后2～4 h进行屠宰取样。结果表明：1）与对照饲粮相比，饲粮添加FGEL的肉仔鸡料重比（F/G）有显著改善（P=0.024），饲粮添加FGEL显著缓解了LPS应激肉仔鸡平均日增重（ADG）(P=0.023)和血清D-木糖的含量（P=0.011）的降低。2）与对照饲粮相比，饲粮添加FGEL显著缓解了LPS应激肉仔鸡十二指肠（P=0.011）和空肠（P=0.030）的相对重量...  相似文献   

马铃薯连续机械式去皮机优化与试验          下载免费PDF全文

孟庆书  朱立学  黄键裕  詹旭峰 《农业工程》2018,8(2):88-94

分析了现有马铃薯去皮机的结构特点，对机械去皮机的滚筒毛刷结构做了优化设计。经单因素和响应面试验分析，得到马铃薯去皮机的最优工艺参数:滚筒转速18 r/min，滚筒高度差15 mm，喂入量39 kg/min，此条件下马铃薯的去皮率为80.93%，去皮效果较好。试验结果可为实际马铃薯采后去皮加工提供重要理论参考依据。   相似文献   

Vitamin C requirement of adult genetically improved farmed tilapia,Oreochromis niloticus     

Fan Wu  Feng Huang  Hua Wen  Ming Jiang  Wei Liu  Juan Tian  Chang Geng Yang 《Aquaculture International》2015,23(5):1203-1215

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两种紫葳科藤本植物扦插育苗技术研究     

黄俊婷 《江西林业科技》2021,49(4):16-19

硬骨凌霄、紫云藤为紫葳科藤本中应用范围广、市场需求量较大的两个品种,为探索它们的扦插育苗技术,采用正交设计的试验方法对两种植物插穗规格、留叶方式、留芽数量的选取进行研究,并对正交试验的结果进行了验证,探讨了不同生根剂处理下两种植物的扦插生根情况.研究结果表明,插穗直径、插穗长度、留叶方式和留芽数量这4个因素对硬骨凌霄和紫云藤的扦插成活率有着极显著的影响.对于硬骨凌霄来说,插穗直径对其扦插成活率的影响最大,留芽数量次之,再次为留叶方式和插穗长度;对紫云藤,留芽方式是影响其扦插成活率的最关键因素,其次是插穗的直径、长度和留叶方式.生根剂的使用可以极显著提高紫葳科藤本植物的扦插成活率,选择直径0.80 cm的硬骨凌霄当年生藤条制成长8 cm、保留2个半片叶和2个芽的穗条,并用浓度为500 mg·L-1的NAA溶液处理2 h后进行扦插,扦插成活率可达83.33％;选择直径1.0 cm的紫云藤当年生藤条制成长10 cm、保留1个半片叶和2个芽的穗条,并用浓度为500 mg·L-1的NAA溶液处理2 h后进行扦插,扦插成活率也可达83.33％.本研究得出的制穗方案和生根剂的选择方案可适用于硬骨凌霄和紫云藤这两种紫葳科藤本的扦插育苗,也可为其它植物扦插育苗提供参考.  相似文献   

辽宁省自然保护地空间分布格局与重叠现状分析     

王诗童  王锐锋  黄治昊  彭杨靖  林乐乐  崔国发 《北京林业大学学报》2021,43(11):89-98

  目的  通过对辽宁省自然保护地重叠现状进行定性与定量的分析，描述辽宁省6类235处自然保护地空间分布情况与重叠现状及特征，由此对辽宁省自然保护地空间分布格局现状进行评价，为辽宁省自然保护地的整合优化提供科学参考与理论依据。  方法  利用最邻近指数分析与核密度分析，评价辽宁省自然保护地空间分布现状，同时提出了自然保护地镶嵌体的概念，通过分析镶嵌体内部的重叠板块占比情况，对辽宁省自然保护地重叠现状进行定性与定量的分析，相较于传统重叠率分析方法，为分析一个区域内多层重叠的情况我们提出了自然保护地多元重叠率计算方法。  结果  （1）辽宁省自然保护地的最邻近比率为0.904，表明辽宁省自然保护地分布属聚集型分布；（2）结合自然保护综合地理区划，辽宁省自然保护地主要形成4个聚集区域；（3）辽宁省自然保护地存在重叠情况的自然保护地数量占自然保护地总数的50.43%，重叠面积占辽宁省自然保护地的8.63%。重叠情况主要发生在自然保护区与自然公园之间，数量共107处，面积达134 421.1 hm2；（4）辽宁省存在重叠的斑块中两层重叠82处、三层重叠13处、四层重叠1处；（5）辽宁省可划分为36个自然保护地镶嵌体，其中内部重叠率高于50%的保护地镶嵌体有8处，最高为81.34%；低于10%的保护地镶嵌体有6个，最低为1.82%。  结论  将重叠保护地进行整合优化时，镶嵌体重叠率过高代表保护服务功能与划定保护范围过剩，整合时对于这种情况所涉及的保护地建议以合并为主。下一步对于计划新建自然保护地应将现有保护服务力度较低或中等区域进行补充完善，将如辽东半岛阔叶落叶林与湿地区南部的沿海陆域利用起来。在解决重叠与地质遗迹等情况后确保保护等级不下降，保证保护力度与保护效率。   相似文献   

Production,Characterization and Immunomodulatory Activity of an Extracellular Polysaccharide from Rhodotorula mucilaginosa YL-1 Isolated from Sea Salt Field     

Haifeng Li  Lifeng Huang  Yunyi Zhang  Yu Yan 《Marine drugs》2020,18(12)

A novel exopolysaccharide from marine-derived red yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa strain YL-1 was produced and characterized. The highest yield of polysaccharide reached 15.1 g/L after medium and culture parameter optimization. This exopolysaccharide, composed of four neural monosaccharides including glucose, mannose, galactose and fucose, had an average molecular weight of 1200 KDa. It had good immunomodulatory activity on RAW256.7 cell lines. ELISA (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay) and Q-PCR (quantitative real-time PCR) results showed that the cell was stimulated to express more IL-6, IL-18, IL-1β and TNFα cytokines than the control group. This is the first report of an exopolysaccharide with immunomodulatory activity from marine-derived Rhodotorula mucilaginosa.  相似文献   

2013年国外家兔遗传育种研究进展     

黄冬维  陈胜  杨永新  程广龙  赵小伟  王小飞  赵辉玲 《中国养羊》2014,(5):57-61

我国是养兔大国，但家兔遗传育种基础研究薄弱。文章对2013年国外家兔遗传育种最新研究进展进行综述，以期为国内家兔育种者提供参考。  相似文献   

Time‐lapse monitoring of soil water content using electromagnetic conductivity imaging          下载免费PDF全文

J. Huang  E. Scudiero  W. Clary  D. L. Corwin  J. Triantafilis 《Soil Use and Management》2017,33(2):191-204

The volumetric soil water content (θ) is fundamental to agriculture because its spatiotemporal variation in soil affects the growth of plants. Unfortunately, the universally accepted thermogravimetric method for estimating volumetric soil water content is very labour intensive and time‐consuming for use in field‐scale monitoring. Electromagnetic (EM) induction instruments have proven to be useful in mapping the spatiotemporal variation of θ. However, depth‐specific variation in θ, which is important for irrigation management, has been little explored. The objective of this study was to develop a relationship between θ and estimates of true electrical conductivity (σ) and to use this relationship to develop time‐lapse images of soil θ beneath a centre‐pivot irrigated alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) crop in San Jacinto, California, USA. We first measured the bulk apparent electrical conductivity (EC_a – mS/m) using a DUALEM‐421 over a period of 12 days after an irrigation event (i.e. days 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12). We used EM4Soil to generate EM conductivity images (EMCIs). We used a physical model to estimate θ from σ, accounting for soil tortuosity and pore water salinity, with a cross‐validation RMSE of 0.04 cm³/cm³. Testing the scenario where no soil information is available, we used a three‐parameter exponential model to relate θ to σ and then to map θ along the transect on different days. The results allowed us to monitor the spatiotemporal variations of θ across the surveyed area, over the 12‐day period. In this regard, we were able to map the soil close to field capacity (0.27 cm³/cm³) and approaching permanent wilting point (0.03 cm³/cm³). The time‐lapse θ monitoring approach, developed using EMCI, has implications for soil and water use and management and will potentially allow farmers and consultants to identify inefficiencies in water application rates and use. It can also be used as a research tool to potentially assist precision irrigation practices and to test the efficacy of different methods of irrigation in terms of water delivery and efficiency in water use in near real time.  相似文献   

草果AtNCED基因克隆、表达和植物表达载体构建     

潘春柳  姚绍嫦  黄燕芬  唐美琼  朱艳霞  董青松  余丽莹 《分子植物育种》2020,(5):1520-1528

9-顺式环氧类胡萝卜素双加氧酶(9-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase, NCED)是ABA生物合成的限速酶。诸多研究表明NCED基因表达量的变化与ABA含量显著相关,在种子休眠过程中发挥重要作用。为探究草果AtNCED基因的序列特征和功能,本研究以草果(Amomum tsaoko Crevost et Lemarie)种子转录组为基础,采用RT-PCR技术克隆了一个AtNCED基因。该基因全长2 372 bp,包含一个1 830 bp的开放阅读框(open reading frame, ORF),编码610个氨基酸。生物信息学分析显示,AtNCED基因编码的蛋白在N-末端包含典型的叶绿体转运肽序列,在催化结构域含有4个高度保守的组氨酸残基。AtNCED蛋白与芭蕉科马来西亚蕉同源性较高,与其他单子叶植物处在同一进化分支。实时荧光定量PCR分析结果表明,AtNCED基因表达量随着层积时间的增加逐渐下降,该基因可能正向调控种子休眠,在草果种子休眠诱导与维持中发挥重要作用。进一步地,利用同源重组方法,成功构建了pBI121-AtNCED过表达载体,并转化至农杆菌EHA105。该研究结果为弄清ABA激素信号在种子休眠中的调控作用提供了帮助。  相似文献   

Atmospheric humidity and genotype are key determinants of the diurnal stomatal conductance pattern     

Xinying Zhang  Yajing Wang  Guirong Huang  Fu Feng  Xiaoying Liu  Rui Guo  Fengxue Gu  Xin Hu  Ziguang Yang  Xiuli Zhong  Xurong Mei 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2020,206(2):161-168

Great understanding of the genotypic difference in diurnal stomatal conductance (g_s) pattern and the key determinants of the pattern is important for saving water by adopting cultivars appropriately. Fifteen wheat genotypes were studied under different soil conditions and various meteorological conditions with pot cultivation in rain shelter for two years. Genotype and air humidity were found to be key determinants of diurnal g_s pattern. All genotypes under low relative humidity (LRH) and most genotypes under high relative humidity (HRH) displayed a gradual decline pattern from morning through the afternoon. Under moderate relative humidity (MRH), all genotypes present a single-peak curve pattern, but they differed in peak time, which may lead to unreliable g_s comparison between genotypes and get ostensible contrasting materials. The stomatal conductance was significantly different among genotypes under LRH and the increased g_s magnitude is also significantly different when it was compared between LRH and HRH. The present results provide new thinking for selecting and adopting appropriate cultivars with specific stomata traits for the area with various meteorological conditions.  相似文献