Comparison of working equid welfare across three regions of Mexico     

Emily Haddy  Faith Burden  Omar Prado-Ortiz  Humberto Zappi  Zoe Raw  Leanne Proops 《Equine veterinary journal》2021,53(4):763-770

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Cardiorespiratory and blood gas alterations during laparoscopic surgery for intra-uterine artificial insemination in dogs     

Fukushima FB  Malm C  Andrade ME  Oliveira HP  Melo EG  Caldeira FM  Gheller VA  Palhares MS  Macedo SP  Figueiredo MS  Silva MX 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2011,52(1):77-79

Cardiorespiratory and blood gas alterations were evaluated in 6 healthy dogs that underwent a laparoscopic procedure using isoflurane anesthesia and carbon dioxide (CO(2)) pneumoperitoneum for 30 min. Heart rate, respiratory rate, body temperature, venous blood pH, partial pressure of CO(2) and oxygen, oxygen saturation, total carbon dioxide (TCO(2)) and bicarbonate were monitored. Significant alterations were hypercapnia, hypoventilation, and respiratory acidosis.  相似文献   

Morphological evaluation of common bean diversity on the Island of Madeira   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

Gregório?Freitas  José?F.?T.?Ganan?aEmail author  Humberto?Nóbrega  élvio?Nunes  Gra?a?Costa  Jan?J.?Slaski  Miguel??.?A.?Pinheiro?de?Carvalho 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2011,58(6):861-874

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Widespread parallel evolution in sticklebacks by repeated fixation of Ectodysplasin alleles     

Colosimo PF  Hosemann KE  Balabhadra S  Villarreal G  Dickson M  Grimwood J  Schmutz J  Myers RM  Schluter D  Kingsley DM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,307(5717):1928-1933

Major phenotypic changes evolve in parallel in nature by molecular mechanisms that are largely unknown. Here, we use positional cloning methods to identify the major chromosome locus controlling armor plate patterning in wild threespine sticklebacks. Mapping, sequencing, and transgenic studies show that the Ectodysplasin (EDA) signaling pathway plays a key role in evolutionary change in natural populations and that parallel evolution of stickleback low-plated phenotypes at most freshwater locations around the world has occurred by repeated selection of Eda alleles derived from an ancestral low-plated haplotype that first appeared more than two million years ago. Members of this clade of low-plated alleles are present at low frequencies in marine fish, which suggests that standing genetic variation can provide a molecular basis for rapid, parallel evolution of dramatic phenotypic change in nature.  相似文献   

Seed potato minituber production in an aeroponic system under tropical conditions: electrical conductivity and plant density     

Alex Humberto Calori  Thiago Leandro Factor  José Carlos Feltran  Eduardo Yuji Watanabe  Carolina Cinto de Moraes  Luis Felipe Villani Purquerio 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(17):2200-2209

Abstract

Most seed potatoes in Brazil are produced in beds, pots or boxes containing substrate, but the yields are low. Aeroponic systems are one strategy for increasing the yield. However, the concentration of nutrient solutions, managed by varying the electrical conductivity (EC), is of upmost importance and can alter plant responses. Plant density is another important factor for obtaining high yields. The objective of this study was thus to determine the effect of nutrient-solution EC and plant density on plant and seed potato production in aeroponic system. The experimental design was a randomized block with a split-plot design and four replicates, with plots for EC and subplots for plant density. Two potato cultivars were tested. The best ECs for “Agata” and “Asterix” were 2.1 and 1.7?dS?m^?1, respectively. The highest plant density (100 plants m^?2) for both cultivars produced the highest minituber yield and economic feasibility.  相似文献   

Environmental conditions,and phenolic compounds potential in the leaves of Vitis tiliifolia Humb. & Bonpl. ex Schult.     

Mata-Alejandro  Humberto  Galindo-Tovar  María Elena  Famiani  Franco  Leyva-Ovalle  Otto Raúl  Cruz-Castillo  Juan Guillermo 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2021,68(8):3435-3444

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - The wild vine Vitis tiliifolia (Humb & Bonpl. Ex Schult.). is found in Mexico, Central América, and the Caribbean region. In the Veracruz State,...  相似文献   

Effect of partial and total replacement of fish, shrimp head, and soybean meals with red crab meal Pleuroncodes planipes (Stimpson) on growth of white shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone)     

Humberto Villarreal  Roberto Civera-Cerecedo  & Alfredo Hernandez-llamas 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(3):293-298

Red crab meal (RCM), as a potential protein source in diets for juvenile shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei, was evaluated over a 45‐day growth trial under laboratory conditions. Eight experimental diets were tested. The basal diet contained fish (tuna by‐product), shrimp head and soybean (solvent extracted) meals as primary protein sources. Fish or soybean meals were substituted, on an equal‐protein basis, at 33%, 66% and 100% by RCM, whereas shrimp head meal (SHM) was substituted at 100%. A commercial diet was included as a reference. Final weight ranged between 2.23 and 3.36 g and growth rates (GRs) between 0.048 and 0.073 g day⁻¹. Where 66% or 100% of the protein from fish or soybean meals was substituted by RCM, the diets produced significantly higher final weights and GRs than other diets. Regression analysis showed that final weight of shrimp depended significantly on the percentage of substitution, and that the maximum weight gain would be obtained when substituting RCM for 80.2% of fish meal and 81.2% of soybean meal. Feed conversion ratio was below 1.8 for all treatments and there was no apparent relationship with other aspects of the diet. Red crab meal served as a suitable protein source for partial or total replacement of tuna by‐product, soybean and SHMs for cultivated juvenile shrimp L. vannamei.  相似文献   

Soil Aggregate Stability and Aggregate-Associated Carbon Under Different Tillage Systems in the North China Plain   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

DU Zhang-liu  REN Tu-sheng  HU Chun-sheng  ZHANG Qing-zhong  Humberto Blanco-Canqui 《农业科学学报》2013,12(11):2114-2123

The inlfuences of tillage systems on soil carbon （C） stocks have been studied extensively, but the distribution of soil C within aggregate fractions is not well understood. The objective of this study was to determine the inlfuences of various tillage systems on soil aggregation and aggregate-associated C under wheat （Triticum aestivum L.） and corn （Zea mays L.） double cropping systems in the North China Plain. The experiment was established in 2001, including four treatments：moldboard plow （MP） with residue （MP＋R） and without residue （MP-R）, rotary tillage with residue （RT）, and no-till with residue （NT）. In 2007 soil samples were collected from the 0-5, 5-10, and 10-20 cm depths, and were separated into four aggregate-size classes （〉2 000, 250-2 000, 53-250, and〈53 μm） by wet-sieving method. Aggregate-associated C was determined, and the relationships between total soil C concentration and aggregation-size fractions were examined. The results showed that NT and RT treatments signiifcantly increased the proportion of macroaggregate fractions （〉2 000 and 250-2 000 μm） compared with the MP-R and MP＋R treatments. Averaged across all depths, mean weight diameters of aggregates （MWD） in NT and RT were 47 and 20% higher than that in MP＋R. The concentration of bulk soil organic C was positively correlated with MWD （r=0.98; P=0.024） and macroaggregate fraction （r=0.96; P=0.036） in the 0-5 cm depth. In the 0-20 cm depth, comparing with MP＋R, total C occluded in the〉2 000 μm fraction was increased by 9 and 6%under NT and RT, respectively. We conclude that adoption of conservation tillage system, especially no-till, can increase soil macro-aggregation and total C accumulation in macroaggregates, which may improve soil C sequestration in the intensive agricultural region of the North China Plain.  相似文献   

Piaroa shifting cultivation: temporal variability of soil characteristics and spatial distribution of crops in the Venezuelan Orinoco     

S. Bonilla-Bedoya  L. Lugo-Salinas  A. Mora-Garcés  A. Villarreal  E. Arends  M. Herrera 《Agroforestry Systems》2013,87(5):1189-1199

The Piaroa is an indigenous community located in the Venezuelan and Columbian Orinoquia. This community has made shifting agriculture part of their agricultural production system. This activity has allowed them to maintain food sovereignty and has guaranteed their territorial sustainability. The globalization processes and demographic growth however, have caused indigenous communities in the Venezuelan Orinoquia, including the Piaroa, to experience significant changes over the last four decades. These changes are characterized by the application of external development models and the consequent productive dependency. These factors threaten the continuity of the existing system. Our current understanding and administration of Piaroan agroforestry is composed of information designed to provide technical tools for generating sustainable management strategies for the tropical forests. Several anthropological and ecological studies have described the Piaroa shifting agricultural system for the purpose of providing aid. These studies also propose possible microsites selected by Piaroa farmers; however, the selection has not yet been investigated concretely. This information gives important contributing guidelines for agroforestry management and the selection of species in the Amazon, while taking into consideration shifting agriculture understanding. For this reason the temporary variability of the soil characteristics and their relationship with the spatial distribution of the crops is important. In the Cuao River watershed, located in the Venezuelan Amazon, ten systems of Piaroa shifting agriculture were randomly selected from different developmental stages. Established within these systems were a total of ten circular areas, each with a four-meter radius. In each of these areas the following was performed: (i) soil sample from the horizontal Ap (15 cm depth), (ii) vegetation inventory and (iii) an estimated area of the soil covered by biodegrading woody biomass, leaf litter cover and total vegetation cover. The temporary variability was determined by applying statistical methods to the information taken from the sites, according to the soil characteristics and properties. In the same way, a linear regression model was applied to explain the distribution of the cultivated species based on the soil’s properties and characteristics. The results indicate significant changes in Ca²⁺ and K⁺ throughout the sequence. Variations in the CO, N and P totals were also observed, however these attributes did not show significant differences. During the first part of the sequence (0–4 years), the applied models explained the cultivated species distribution, Manihot esculenta, Zea mays, Ananas comosus and Pouteria caimito, with R² >0.5 and in a later stage (4–6 years) the model explained the distribution of fruit trees such as Theobroma grandiflorum and Pourouma cecropiifolia. Finally, in the most recent studies the model fails to explain the distribution of the species with noted exceptions such as Euterpe oleracea.  相似文献   

Evaluation of partial and total replacement of formulated feed by live insects,Trichocorixa sp. (Heteroptera: Corixidae) on the productive and nutritional response,and postharvest quality of shrimp,Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone 1931)     

L.R. Martínez‐Córdova  A. Campaña‐Torres  H. Villarreal‐Colmenares  J.M. Ezquerra‐Brauer  M. Martínez‐Porchas  E. Cortés‐Jacinto 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2013,19(2):218-226

A 7‐week study was performed to evaluate the partial and total replacement of formulated feed (FF) by live insects (Trichocorixa sp.), during intensive culture of Litopenaeus vannamei. Production response, physiological status and postharvest quality were evaluated. Five treatments consisting of 0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of FF replacement (T‐0, T‐25, T‐50, T‐75 and T‐100) were performed. Better production responses were observed in T‐50, followed by T‐0 and T‐75 respectively. Also, no negative effect of insect supplying was detected on the physiological status of shrimp (evaluated by haemolymph parameters). However, shrimp fed exclusively on insects (T‐100) had poor growth and physiological performances, and lower postharvest quality compared with the rest of treatments. Regarding organoleptic characteristics, no effect of treatments was detected on the colour, odour and taste of shrimp muscle. In conclusion, the insect Trichocorixa sp. can contribute to the nutritional requirements of shrimp and could be used as complementary natural food, improving productive responses, without affecting the physiological status or the post mortem quality of shrimp; however the total substitution of FF by insects is not recommendable.  相似文献