AN ASSESSMENT OF THE AUSTRALIAN V4 STRAIN OF NEWCASTLE DISEASE VIRUS AS A VACCINE BY SPRAY, AEROSOL AND DRINKING WATER ADMINISTRATION     

A. Latif Ibrahim  Ungku Chulan  A. Mustaffa Babjee† 《Australian veterinary journal》1981,57(6):277-280

SUMMARY An Australian strain of Newcastle disease virus, was evaluated for use as a vaccine following its administration by drinking water, aerosol and spray to chickens at 1 and 21 days of age. Haemagglutination inhbition antibody was produced and persisted for 11 weeks. Aerosol vaccination induced higher levels of haemagglutination inhibition antibody than the other methods of vaccination. No respiratory disease was observed following vaccination. Chickens vaccinated by aerosol and spray were fully protected when challenged at 5, 7 and 11 weeks of age with virulent Newcastle disease virus. Mortality of 10 to 30 per cent was observed in chickens vaccinated by drinking water and intranasally following challenge.  相似文献   

Contribution to the Paranasal Sinuses of the One Humped Camel (Camelus dromedarius)     

A. S. Ahmed    M. Shokry  M. El-Keiey   《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》1985,14(3):221-225

A gross anatomic and radiological examination of the paranasal sinuses of the camel is described. Radiological examination was enhanced through the use of a barium sulphate paste.  相似文献   

Effect of 'Dowco 275', a New Organophosphorus Nematicide, on Potato Cyst Nematode     

A. G. Whitehead  S. N. Ahmed 《Plant pathology》1972,21(4):155-157

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Energy Supply to Livestock from Tropical Rangeland during the Dry Season     

Ahmed MM  El Hag FM 《Tropical animal health and production》2003,35(2):169-177

Nine key forage species (grasses and legumes), together with two types of crop residues, usually fed by farmers to their livestock, were collected from a rainfed area in western Sudan during the dry season (May–April). The grasses investigated were Leptadena pyrotechnia, Cenchrus setigrus, Arista pallida, Eragrotis tremula, Schoenefeldia gracilis, Chloris vergata and Cenchrus biflorus. The crop residues investigated were the grasses, sorghum straw (Sorghum bichlor) and millet straw (Pennisetum typhodium) and the legumes Stylosanthes flavicans and Cajanus cajana. Estimates of organic matter (OM) degradability were done using the nylon bag technique, which was fitted into the model Y = a + b (1 – e^–ct), in which the asymptote (a + b) represented the total potential degradability. Organic cell wall constituents and hence both metabolizable energy and total digestible energy or nutrients (TDN) were determined. S. flavicans showed the best organic matter degradability, and sorghum straw was better degraded than millet straw. The rest of the grasses showed poor OM degradability. Acid detergent insoluble nitrogen was inversely related to TDN, the latter falling within a narrow range for the different forages. Fermentable metabolizable energy differed only slightly, while the legume S. flavicans had the highest effective rumen digestible protein. Undegraded proteins were high for the straws and the grasses L. pyrotechnia and C. setigerus. Metabolizable protein and microbial protein were highest in the sorghum straw, C. setigerus and S. flavicans.  相似文献   

Endocrinological changes before and after removal of the granulosa theca cell tumor (GTCT) affected ovary in 6 mares     

Hoque S  Senba H  Tsunoda N  Derar RI  Watanabe G  Taya K  Osawa T  Miyake Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2003,65(8):887-891

To clarify the endocrinological characteristics of the mares with granulosa theca cell tumor (GTCT), peripheral plasma samples from the 6 mares affected with GTCT were collected before and after the surgical removal of the affected ovary. Concentrations of testosterone (T), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), immunoreactive-inhibin (ir-INH), progesterone (P) and estradiol-17beta (E(2)) in the plasma samples were measured by radioimmunoassay. Before removal of GTCT in all cases, the concentrations of T were significantly higher than those of normal mares at the breeding and non-breeding seasons, whereas plasma concentrations of FSH, LH, ir-INH, P and E(2) were lower. After surgical removal of the affected ovary, the circulatory concentrations of T was declined, but the concentrations of other hormones were constantly low as compared with those of normal mares. The present study suggests that 1) the source of higher T may be due to the abnormal follicles in ovary of GTCT, 2) in the case of GTCT the elevated level of T is observed due to the lack of aromatase, and 3) the high level of T is a typical characteristics for GTCT in mares. It is also suggested 4) due to the elevated levels of T the concentrations of gonadotropins may be suppressed.  相似文献   

Induction of Chitinase, beta-1,3-Glucanase, and Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase in Peach Fruit by UV-C Treatment     

El Ghaouth A  Wilson CL  Callahan AM 《Phytopathology》2003,93(3):349-355

ABSTRACT Treatment of peach fruit with UV-C light caused a rapid induction of chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanase, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activities starting 6 h after treatment and reaching maximum levels at 96 h after treatment. By 96 h after UV-C treatment, chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanase, and PAL activities in UV-C-treated fruit were over twofold above the levels observed for the control. In nontreated control fruit, no apparent increase in chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase activities was detected but a minor increase in PAL activity was seen. The transient increase in chitinase, beta-1,3-glucanase, and PAL activities in UV-C-treated fruit was preceded by a gradual activation of the corresponding genes. UV-C-treated fruit showed an increase in accumulation of beta-1,3-glucanase and chitinase mRNAs at 3 h after treatment, which peaked approximately 96 h posttreatment. A similar induction kinetic pattern was observed for PAL mRNA in response to UV-C treatment, except the induction started 6 h after UV-C treatment. These results show that the response of peach fruit to elicitor treatment is similar to that seen in other plant-elicitors interactions and suggests the involvement of peach biochemical defense responses in UV-C-mediated disease resistance.  相似文献   

Control of Postharvest Decay of Apple Fruit with Candida saitoana and Induction of Defense Responses   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

El Ghaouth A  Wilson CL  Wisniewski M 《Phytopathology》2003,93(3):344-348

ABSTRACT The ability of Candida saitoana to induce systemic resistance in apple fruit against Botrytis cinerea was investigated. To separate the antagonistic activity of C. saitoana from its ability to induce resistance, the antagonist and the pathogen were applied in spatially separated wounds. In fresh apples, C. saitoana applied 0 or 24 h before inoculation with B. cinerea showed no effect on lesion development caused by B. cinerea. When applied 48 to 72 h preinoculation with B. cinerea, however, C. saitoana reduced lesion diameter by more than 50 and 70%, respectively, compared with wounding. C. saitoana had no effect on lesion development on stored apples, regardless of the lag period between yeast treatment and inoculation with B. cinerea. In addition to inducing systemic resistance, C. saitoana increased chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase activities with a higher accumulation in fresh than in stored apples. In fresh apples, the onset of systemic resistance to B. cinerea coincided with the increase in chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase activity in systemically protected tissue. These studies show that C. saitoana is capable of inducing systemic resistance in apple fruit and indirectly suggest that antifungal hydrolases are involved in the observed systemic protection.  相似文献   

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from dogs with diarrhoea     

Pekka Olson  ke Hedhammar  Ahmed Faris  Karel Krovacek  Torkel Wadstrm 《Veterinary microbiology》1985,10(6):577-589

Faecal samples from 148 dogs with diarrhoea and from 15 healthy dogs were cultured for bacterial pathogens with enterotoxigenic properties. The aim of the study was to define the toxin profile (production of heat-labile [LT] and heat-stable [ST] toxins) and possible surface fimbrial antigens. Enterotoxigenic bacteria were isolated from 6 (4.1%) dogs with diarrhoea, four of these were Escherichia coli and two were Klebsiella pneumoniae. The E. coli strains and K. pneumoniae strains were producing both LT and ST toxins. The LT toxin from these strains was not neutralized by human anti-LT serum or anti-choleragen and did not cause coagglutination with Staphylococcus aureus coated with anti-human-LT. This suggests that the LT toxin produced by these canine isolates is non-identical to LT toxin from human strains.

Three of the ETEC strains were haemagglutinating and showed surface hydrophobic properties. Electron microscopy showed that canine ETEC isolates possessed fimbriae of two different types: thick (5–5.5 nm) and thin (2–3 nm).  相似文献   

Neue Dünnschicht-Chromatographie-Systeme zur Trennung und zum Nachweis von Huminstoffen     

Ahmed H. Khairy 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》1980,143(6):730-742

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Effects de deux glucorticoïdes synthétiques sur le glucose du sang et des sécrétions endométriales chez la vache          下载免费PDF全文

P. Lamothe  P. Guay  M. Ibrahim    A. Tremblay 《Canadian journal of veterinary research》1972,36(2):124-128

Twelve normal cows were injected with 9_αFFAC and with 9_αF, 16_αmF. A marked increase of blood glucose and endometrial secretions glucose was noted up to the postestrus period. A more constant but lower glucose concentration was obtained with 9_αFFAC.  相似文献