EST-SSR cross-amplification and genetic similarity in <Emphasis Type="Italic">Onobrychis</Emphasis> genus     

Samir Demdoum  Fernando Muñoz  Ignacio Delgado  José Valderrábano  Ana Wünsch 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2012,59(2):253-260

EST-SSR from Medicago truncatula Gaertn. and Glycine max (L.) Merr. were tested for transferability in various species of Onobrychis (O. pyrenaica Sennen, O. argentea Boiss. and O. viciifolia Scop.). Repeatable amplification was obtained for 81% of the microsatellites and 52% were polymorphic. Six selected SSRs from M. truncatula were used to fingerprint and estimate the genetic similarity of a set of 23 accessions of O. viciifolia. PCA analysis discriminated among the different Onobrychis species and the sainfoin accessions were clustered in a single major group. This grouping is discussed in terms of the history of cultivation of sainfoin in Spain. The selected SSRs will allow fingerprinting and genetic studies in Onobrychis species, solving the lack of available SSR markers in this species.  相似文献   

Romifidine and low doses of tiletamine‐zolazepam in dogs     

Rafael J Gómez‐Villamandos  Carmen Martínez  Rocío Navarrete  Juan Morgaz  Juan M Domínguez  Ignacio López  Pilar Muñoz  Andrés Fernández  María M Granados 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2013,40(6):e40-e47

ObjectiveTo evaluate clinical effects of romifidine and low doses of tiletamine‐zolazepam (TZ) in dogs.Study designRandomized “blinded” cross‐over study.AnimalsSix healthy beagle dogs (two males, four females).MethodsIn separate preliminary experiments dogs received intravenous (IV) tiletamine‐zolazepam (TZ) at 1 and 2 mg kg^?1. For the main trial, dogs received romifidine (R) followed 5 minutes later by IV at six dose regimens: R40TZ1, R60TZ1, R80TZ1 (Romifidine at 40, 60, 80 μg kg^?1 and TZ at 1 mg kg^?1), R40TZ2, R60TZ2 and R80TZ2 (Romifidine at 40, 60, 80 μg kg^?1 and TZ at 2 mg kg^?1). Dogs underwent endotracheal intubation, but breathed room air. Cardiorespiratory variables were measured and arterial blood analyzed. Quality of sedation, duration of anaesthesia and time to recovery (TR) were recorded. Data were analysed by anova or Friedman test as relevant.ResultsEndotracheal intubation was possible with all romifidine/TZ combinations but not with TZ alone. Mean times (minutes) from TZ injection to return of pedal reflex were 1–3 minutes for TZ alone, and 9–17 minutes for romifidine combinations. In the main trial (romifidine combinations) mean time (minutes) to standing increased with increasing dosage (R40TZ1 13; R80TZ2 32). Five minutes after TZ administration, when compared with baseline arterial blood pressures and arterial carbon dioxide had increased, and respiratory rate, pH and arterial oxygen tensions decreased, these changes becoming statistically significant with the higher dose rates. One dog in R60TZ2 and three dogs in R80TZ2 became hypoxaemic.Conclusions and clinical relevanceRomifidine improves the quality and lengthens the duration of anaesthesia induced by TZ. The combination provides a suitable protocol for induction of or short‐term anaesthesia in healthy dogs. However, the higher doses cause cardiovascular stimulation and respiratory depression, and precautions should be taken accordingly.  相似文献   

Characterization of the Salinisation Processes in Aquifers Using Boron Isotopes; Application to South-Eastern Spain     

Ignacio Morell  Antonio Pulido-Bosch  Francisco Sánchez-Martos  Angela Vallejos  Linda Daniele  Luis Molina  José María Calaforra  Antoni Francesc Roig  Alejandra Renau 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2008,187(1-4):65-80

Use of δ¹¹B provides a solid tool for discriminating hydrogeochemical processes in complex coastal aquifers. Its efficiency increases markedly when it is applied along with other major or minor constituents. Nevertheless, various factors may affect its interpretation: the presence of clays, which favour adsorption and desorption, the influence of wastewaters, and even the presence of geothermalism. The δ¹¹B has been applied to the study of a series of aquifers in south-eastern Spain: Castell de Ferro (Granada), Campo de Dalías, Lower Andarax and Sorbas (Almería), all of which are complex and heterogeneous. The results obtained demonstrate that the concentration of Br, the SO₄/Cl and Cl/Br ratios are good indicators of marine intrusion. Inland some negative values of δ¹¹B (?16.7 and ?8.1‰) are related to a geothermal influence (34.8 and 51.5°C). The boron solubility is directly related to temperature favours boron mobilization, even from the associated metapelitic deposits. The difference in the boron isotope content in two carbonate units must be caused by the different composition of the carbonate rocks, as well as a long residence time.  相似文献   

Isoflurane MAC determination in dogs using three intensities of constant‐current electrical stimulation          下载免费PDF全文

Marivaldo R Figueiró  Joao HN Soares  Fabio O Ascoli  Stephen Werre  Ignacio Á Gómez de Segura 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(5):464-471

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Effect of cyclodextrin glycosyl transferase [corrected] on dough rheology and bread quality from rice flour     

Gujral HS  Guardiola I  Carbonell JV  Rosell CM 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(13):3814-3818

Gluten-free breads are usually characterized by deficient quality characteristics as compared to wheat breads. Problems related to volume and crumb texture are associated with gluten-free breads even when rice flour is used, which seems to be the best raw material for this type of bread. The potential use of cyclodextrin glycosyl transferase (CGTase) as a rice bread improver is presented. The effect of CGTase addition to rice flour on dough rheology and bread quality was investigated. In addition, an experimental design was developed to optimize the levels of CGTase, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), and oil. The addition of CGTase produced a reduction in the dough consistency and also in the elastic modulus. With regard to the rice bread quality, better specific volume, shape index, and crumb texture were obtained. The amount of cyclodextrins in the bread crumb was quantified to explain the action of this enzyme. The data indicate that the improving effect of the CGTase results from a combination of its hydrolyzing and cyclizing activities, the latter being responsible for the release of cyclodextrins, which have the ability to form complexes with lipids and proteins.  相似文献   

Enhanced carnosic acid levels in two rosemary accessions exposed to cold stress conditions     

Luis JC  Martín R  Frías I  Valdés F 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(20):8062-8066

Two rosemary accessions were subjected to chilling temperatures in control environmental cabins analyzing their variations in rosmarinic and carnosic acids together with their adaptability to these stress conditions. Cold stressed plants of both accessions showed increases in caffeic acid and carnosic acid concentration levels, while other secondary metabolites such as rosmarinic acid, naringin, cirsimaritin, hispidulin, and carnosol showed different responses in both accessions. In addition, cold stressed plants exhibited significant reductions in chlorophylls, beta-carotene, and violaxanthin levels as well as the maximum quantum yield of PSII in both accessions. Hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels showed similar responses in both accessions, which were positively and negatively correlated with rosmarinic and carnosic acids. From these results it is therefore suggested that carnosic acid biosynthesis in rosemary plants is induced by chilling periods. On the other hand, we demonstrate that not all rosemary accessions are equally well adapted to chilling temperatures. In fact, for (one) accession cold treated plants severe losses in chlorophyll, beta-carotene, and even xanthophylls (including zeaxanthin and antheraxanthin) were observed, despite no visual symptoms of leaf injury. More research is needed to understand rosmarinic acid variations in rosemary plants under stress conditions.  相似文献   

Chitosan activates a MAP-kinase pathway and modifies abundance of defense-related transcripts in calli of Cocos nucifera L.     

Gabriel Lizama-Uc  Ivn A. Estrada-Mota  María Goretty Caamal-Chan  Ramn Souza-Perera  Carlos Oropeza-Salín  Ignacio Islas-Flores  Jos Juan Zúiga-Aguilar 《Physiological and Molecular Plant Pathology》2007,70(4-6):130-141

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Ingestion of energy, protein and amino acids from pasture by grazing European wild boar (Sus scrofa L.) in a semi-extensive production system     

Suzanne M. Hodgkinson  Ignacio F. Lpez  Soledad Navarrete 《Livestock Science》2009,122(2-3):222-226

The aim of the study was to determine the apparent consumption of dry matter (DM), gross energy (GE), crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) from pasture by European wild boar in a pastoral system. Two pasture-types were used, one consisting predominantly of Lolium perenne L. and the other predominantly of Plantago lanceolata L. The study was conducted in Spring and repeated in Summer. Twelve purebred European Wild Boar of 18.8 ± 0.8 kg (mean ± sem) with nose rings were randomly grouped into six pairs. Each day of the 19-day study, a pair of animals was placed into each of three areas of a pasture strip (1.4 × 6.3 m per area) from each pasture type from 8:30 h until 16:30 h, after which the animals entered a barn and had free access to a commercial diet for 45 min, with each pasture strip being grazed once. Pasture samples were taken on days 4 to 19 from each grazed area pre- and post-grazing and the DM content of these samples was used to calculate DM consumption of the animals. Additional pasture samples were collected and analysed for gross energy, crude protein and amino acids. The wild boar consumed (mean + SEM) 418 ± 72.2 and 210 ± 38.3 g of DM per day in the L. perenne paddock during Spring and Summer, respectively, and 550 ± 85.9 and 226 ± 44.8 g DM per day in the P. lanceolata paddock during Spring and Summer, respectively. The amount of DM, energy, crude protein and amino acids that the animals consumed varied markedly between days, but did not significantly differ in amount between the L. perenne and P. laceolata paddocks. However, the consumptions were significantly lower in Summer than in Spring. It is estimated that the wild boar would have satisfied somewhat less than 90 and 45% of their daily maintenance digestible energy requirements through consumption of pasture when grazing the L. perenne paddock in Spring and Summer, respectively.  相似文献   

Electrocardiographic parameters in the clinically healthy Zamorano-leones donkey     

Andrs Escudero  Jos R. Gonzlez  Jos L. Benedito  Felipe R. Prieto  Ignacio Ayala 《Research in veterinary science》2009,87(3):458-461

Limited information exists regarding electrocardiographic parameters in clinically healthy donkeys. The study was carried out in 75 healthy adult animals (40 females and 35 males) using the Einthoven standard II and base-apex leads. The P wave showed usually a bifid shape deflection. The QRS complex of the donkeys appeared in several forms: QR and R were the most frequent in limb lead II, and QS and QR in the base-apex lead. Most T waves presented a simple negative configuration in lead II and biphasic shape in the base-apex one. Mean heart rate value was 52 beats per minute. The direction of the QRS vector in lead II had a mean value of 91.4°. We observed a lack of detected arrhythmias. Statistically significant differences were observed between sexes for several parameters. The electrocardiogram of Zamorano-leones donkey differs in several duration, amplitude and morphologic parameters from that of several breeds of horses and donkeys. This fact justifies obtaining values for a specific breed against which to compare values for the same breed.  相似文献   

Peanut yield,nutrient uptake and nutrient requirements in different regions of China          下载免费PDF全文

ZHAO Shi-cheng  L&#  Ji-long  XU Xin-peng  LIN Xiao-mao  Luiz Moro ROSSO  QIU Shao-jun  Ignacio CIAMPITTI  HE Ping 《农业科学学报》2021,20(9):2502-2511

Nutrient balance is essential for attaining high yield and improving profits in agricultural farming systems, and crop nutrient uptake ratio and stoichiometry can indicate crop nutrient limitations in the field. We collected a large amount of field data to study the variations in yield, nutrient uptake and nutrient stoichiometry of peanut(Arachis hypogaea L.) in Southeast China(SEC), North-central China(NCC), and Northeast China(NEC), during 1993 to 2018. Peanut pod yield gradually increased from 1993 to 2018, with average yields of 4 148, 5 138, and 4 635 kg ha–1 in SEC, NCC, and NEC, respectively. The nitrogen(N) internal efficiency(NIE, yield to N uptake ratio) was similar among the three regions, but phosphorus(P) IE(PIE, yield to P uptake ratio) changed from low to high among regions: NCCSECNEC, while potassium(K) IE(KIE, yield to K uptake ratio) portrayed a different pattern of SECNCCNEC. Based on the nutrient IE, to produce 1 Mg of pod yield, the average N, P, and K requirements of the above-ground parts of peanut were roughly 47.2, 5.1, and 25.5 kg in SEC, 44.8, 5.7, and 20.6 kg in NCC, and 44.6, 4.4, and 14.7 kg in NEC, respectively. The N/P ratio changed in the sequence NCCSECNEC, and the N/K ratio was similar in NEC and NCC, but lower in SEC. The N harvest index(HI) and KHI declined with increasing nutrient uptake across all regions under high nutrient uptake. The low PIE and N/P ratios in NCC could be explained by the high P accumulation in stover, and high KIE and N/K ratios in NEC may be attributed to the low soil K supply. The frontier analysis approach provides a practical framework and allows documentation of a decline in nutrient HI as nutrient uptake increases. Lastly, this study reveals the limitation and surplus of nutrients of peanut in different regions of China.  相似文献