Sero-survey on Aino, Akabane, Chuzan, bovine ephemeral fever and Japanese encephalitis virus of cattle and swine in Korea     

Seong In Lim  Chang Hee Kweon  Dong Seob Tark  Seong Hee Kim  Dong Kun Yang 《Journal of veterinary science (Suw?n-si, Korea)》2007,8(1):45-49

Vector-borne arboviruses produce mild to severe symptoms in domestic animals. Bovine ephemeral fever (BEF), Akabane, Aino, and Chuzan virus have been primarily attributed to reproductive disorders or febrile diseases in cattle, and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is mainly associated with reproductive failures in swine. We investigated antibody titers from domestic swine against four bovine arboviruses (BEF, Akabane, Aino, and Chuzan virus) and from cattle against JEV in Korea. While the positive rates for Akabane and BEF were 37.4% and 15.7%, the positive incidence of Chuzan and Aino were relatively low, with positive rates of 3.04% and 0.4%, respectively, based on a virus neutralization assay. Antibody titers against more than one virus were also frequently detected in domestic swine. The incidence of JEV was 51.3% among domestic cattle. In addition, one positive case was detected in the thoracic fluids from 35 aborted calves, based on the hemagglutination inhibition test. Our results indicate that swine are susceptible hosts of bovine arboviruses without showing clinical symptoms in a natural environment. Moreover, we confirmed that JEV could be associated with reproductive failure in pregnant cattle, as were other vector-borne bovine arboviruses assessed in this study.  相似文献   

Effect of capsaicin on cholecystokinin and neuropeptide Y expressions in the brain of high-fat diet fed rats     

Park ES  Jo S  Yi SJ  Kim JS  Ee HS  Lee IS  Seo KM  Sung JK  Lee I  Yoon YS 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(2):107-114

Capsaicin, one of the pungent principles of hot pepper, has been reported to cause a cessation of increases in body weight and fat gain induced by high-fat feeding. Especially, in body weight and feeding control, cholecystokinin (CCK) has been well known as a satiety signal and neuropeptide Y (NPY) has been described as one of the most potent orexigenic signals. This study was carried out to investigate the effect of capsaicin on CCK- and NPY- immunoreactivities (IR) in the brain of high-fat fed rats. The animals were divided into normal-fat diet (NF), high-fat diet (HF) and high-fat diet containing capsaicin (HF-CAP) groups. Mean body weight gain (MBWG) of HF group was higher than that of NF group. However, in HF-CAP group, MBWG was lower than that of HF group. CCK-IR in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), paraventricular nucleus (PVN), median eminence (ME), arcuate nucleus (ARC) and amygdala was not prominent in all the groups. In cerebral cortex, CCK-IR was more reduced in HF-CAP group than in the other groups. In the HF-CAP group, NPY-IR in the hypothalamic nuclei, amygdala and cerebral cortex was more poorly found than in the NF and HF groups. It is concluded that (1) NPY-IR may react more sensitively on capsaicin than CCK-IR, (2) no rapid increase of body weight in capsaicin treated rats may result from the diminished food intake through the low expression of NPY in hypothalamus in HF-CAP group.  相似文献   

Effect of Whole Grain Wheat Flour on the Mixing Properties,Oil Uptake,and In Vitro Starch Digestibility of Instant Fried Noodles     

In Young Bae  Hyeon Ji Kim  George E. Inglett  Suyong Lee 《Cereal Chemistry》2016,93(1):100-103

The effects of whole grain wheat (WGW) flour on the quality attributes of instant fried noodles were characterized in terms of mixing and oil‐resisting properties as well as in vitro starch digestibility. Higher water absorption and shorter kneading time were required to obtain the optimally mixed dough from WGW flour, and the presence of nonstarch components in the WGW flour lowered the thermal conductivity of the noodles. The use of WGW flour produced instant fried noodles with oil uptake reduced by 30%, which could be correlated with the less porous structure confirmed by the surface and cross‐sectional scanning electron microscope images. When the instant fried noodles were subjected to in vitro starch digestion, the use of WGW flour was effective in suppressing the hydrolysis of starch in the noodles, and the predicted glycemic index of the WGW noodles (80.6) was significantly lower than that of the white wheat noodles (83.3).  相似文献   

Xylem and soil CO2 fluxes in a Quercus pyrenaica Willd. coppice: root respiration increases with clonal size     

Roberto Salomón  María Valbuena-Carabaña  Jesús Rodríguez-Calcerrada  Doug Aubrey  MaryAnne McGuire  Robert Teskey  Luis Gil  Inés González-Doncel 《Annals of Forest Science》2015,72(8):1065-1078

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Intraguild predation between an exotic and a native coccinellid in Argentina: the role of prey density     

Mirande  Luciana  Desneux  Nicolas  Haramboure  Marina  Schneider  Marcela Inés 《Journal of pest science》2015,88(1):155-162

Journal of Pest Science - Harmonia axyridis Pallas is a generalist predator native to Asia. It has been released both for classical and neoclassical biological control programs worldwide. Its...  相似文献   

The effects of cold pre-treatment on the toxicity of several contact insecticides on adults of three Sitophilus granarius (L.) populations     

Petar Kljajić  Goran Andrić  Marijana Pražić-Golić  Dušanka Inđić  Slavica Vuković 《Journal of pest science》2014,87(2):301-308

As very little is known about the impact of cold pre-treatments on insecticidal toxicity to the surviving stored-product insects, we examined the effects of cooling (?5 °C) on the toxicity of five contact insecticides to Sitophilus granarius adults from three populations (laboratory, field and selected). We determined: (a) weevil lethal time after exposure to ?5 °C, (b) the effects of two cold pre-treatments (LT₂₀ and LT₅₀—lethal time for 20 and 50 % of exposed adults) on 24 and 72 h recovery rates of laboratory adults after exposure to five insecticides and (c) deltamethrin, dichlorvos and malathion toxicity to two weevil populations with altered insecticide susceptibility after exposure to the LT₂₀ and LT₅₀ pre-treatments. The tested S. granarius populations showed no significant differences in their susceptibility to cooling. All insecticides except dichlorvos were more toxic to the laboratory weevils after 24 h than after 72 h recovery from the LT₂₀ pre-treatment. Dichlorvos and deltamethrin were more toxic to the other two populations after 72 h of recovery. Comparing the effects of cold pre-treatment and non-treatment on the laboratory strain, no significant increase in the toxicity of insecticides was detected, while only deltamethrin was significantly more toxic to the field and selected populations recovering for 24 h (12.1 and 11.0 times, respectively) and 72 h (6.9 and 36.6 times) from the LT₂₀ pre-treatment. In conclusion, only the shorter of the two cold pre-treatments was found effective in terms of increasing the insecticidal toxicity, especially against the populations with altered susceptibility to insecticides.  相似文献   

IMAGING DIAGNOSIS—CONVENTIONAL AND FUNCTIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF A BRAIN ABSCESS IN A GOAT     

Matthias Dennler  Inés Carrera  Katrin Beckmann  Julia Ritz  Maja Rütten  Patrick R. Kircher 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2014,55(1):68-73

A 2‐month‐old female goat was presented for depressed mental status and multifocal central neurologic signs 3 weeks after hot‐iron disbudding. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings included a large intra axial mass in the left frontal lobe that was T2 hyperintense and T1 hypointense centrally with a contrast‐enhancing peripheral capsule and perilesional T2 hyperintensity. A restrictive pattern was present in diffusion‐weighted imaging. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated an increased amount of succinate, acetate, amino acids, lipids; minimal amounts of lactate; and decreased amounts of N‐acetyl aspartate and choline. A cerebral abscess due to Trueperella pyogenes was confirmed from necropsy and tissue culture.  相似文献   

吉林省稻穗瘟药剂防治指标的初步研究     

吉林省稻瘟病预测技术研究协作组 《吉林农业大学学报》1992,14(3):4-8

文中确定了吉林省稻穗瘟病的经济损失允许水平:水稻黄熟期穗瘟发病率8～10％或穗瘟病情指数3～4。又根据吉林省有代表性的八个试验点五年的稻叶、穗瘟系统调查资料分析认为，决定吉林省生产中稻穗瘟最终病情的因素有三个:一是田间叶瘟基数;二是抽穗扬花期的气象条件;三是由当地生态栽培条件、水稻品种及稻瘟病菌生理小种群体共同决定的稻株抗病力。在此基础上提出吉林省稻穗瘟药剂防治指标。  相似文献   

Habitat split and the global decline of amphibians   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Becker CG  Fonseca CR  Haddad CF  Batista RF  Prado PI 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5857):1775-1777

The worldwide decline in amphibians has been attributed to several causes, especially habitat loss and disease. We identified a further factor, namely "habitat split"-defined as human-induced disconnection between habitats used by different life history stages of a species-which forces forest-associated amphibians with aquatic larvae to make risky breeding migrations between suitable aquatic and terrestrial habitats. In the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, we found that habitat split negatively affects the richness of species with aquatic larvae but not the richness of species with terrestrial development (the latter can complete their life cycle inside forest remnants). This mechanism helps to explain why species with aquatic larvae have the highest incidence of population decline. These findings reinforce the need for the conservation and restoration of riparian vegetation.  相似文献   

Effects of adding high-dosing Aspergillus oryzae phytase to corn–wheat–soybean meal-based basal diet on growth performance,nutrient digestibility,faecal gas emission,carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs     

De Xin Dang  In Ho Kim 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2021,105(6):1056-1062

This study tests the effects of supplementation of high-dosing Aspergillus oryzae phytase into the corn – wheat – soybean meal (SBM)-based basal diet on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, faecal gas emission, carcass traits and meat quality in growing-finishing pigs (29.73–110.86 kg live weight; 70-day-old to 166-day-old). A total of 56 crossbred pigs [(Landrace × Yorkshire) × Duroc] were divided into two dietary groups for a 96-day experiment (growing period, days 0 – 42; finishing period, days 43 – 96) with a completely randomized block design. There were seven replicate pens in each dietary group, and each pen has four pigs (two barrows and two gilts). The dietary treatments consisted of a corn – wheat – SBM-based nutrient sufficient basal diet or the basal diet supplemented with 1500 FTU/kg A. oryzae phytase. One phytase unit (FTU) was defined as the amount of enzyme that catalyses the release of one micromole phosphate from phytate/min at 37°C and pH 5.5. Higher average daily gain and lower feed conversion ratio were observed in growing-finishing pigs consuming a high-dosing A. oryzae phytase supplementing diet during days 0 – 42 and 0 – 96. Supplementing high-dosing A. oryzae phytase to the diet of growing-finishing pigs increased apparent total tract digestibility of phosphorus on days 42 and 96. Moreover, growing-finishing pigs fed the diet supplemented with high-dosing A. oryzae phytase had higher carcass back-fat thickness than those fed the control diet. However, the faecal gas emission and meat quality were not affected by high-dosing A. oryzae phytase supplementation. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of high-dosing A. oryzae phytase (1500 FTU/kg) had beneficial effects on the growth performance, apparent phosphorus digestibility and carcass back-fat thickness in growing-finishing pigs.  相似文献