Mating Disruption of Striped Rice Stem Borer: Importance of Early Deployment of Dispensers and Impact on Airborne Pheromone Concentration     

Gavara Aitor  Vacas Sandra  Primo Jaime  Navarro-Llopis Vicente 《水稻科学》2021,28(6):525

正Mating disruption(MD) is an effective environmentallyfriendly control method against the striped rice stem borer(RSB), Chilo suppressalis(Lepidoptera: Crambidae). In this study, the current MD dispensers release the pheromone exponentially, with higher initial release rates that decrease throughout the time. To adjust the timing of dispensers' deployment and evaluate the importance of controlling the early first or the second male flight,  相似文献   

Effect of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on diuron desorption and mineralisation in soils     

Jaime Villaverde  Roda Posada-Baquero  Marina Rubio-Bellido  Esmeralda Morillo 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2013,13(6):1075-1083

Purpose

The herbicide diuron has the unfortunate property of being strongly adsorbed onto soil organic matter particles, and hence, is slowly degraded in the environment because of its reduced bioavailability. The aim of this work was to gain insight into the fate and behaviour of diuron in the soil–water system, and develop and test an environmentally friendly soil decontamination technique that could give rise to an enhancement of diuron mineralisation by sensitive soil endogenous microorganisms, by means of increasing the bioavailability of the pollutant employing cyclodextrin (CD) solutions what would represent an improvement from both economic and environmental standpoints.

Materials and methods

Selected soil colloidal components: montmorillonite, a synthetic humic acid and a synthetic acicular goethite, and two different soils were employed in this study to perform batch adsorption–desorption experiments. Desorption experiments were performed using a 0.01 M Ca(NO₃)₂ solution with and without hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) 50 mM. Assays to study the mineralisation of ¹⁴C-labelled diuron were performed in respirometers, into which 10 g of soil and 50 mL of mineral salts medium (MMK) were placed, obtaining a final concentration of 50 mg?kg^?1 and a radioactivity of approximately 900 Bq per flask.

Results and discussion

Humic acid could be clearly discerned as the major colloidal component responsible for adsorption. HPBCD was used in diuron desorption experiments from soil, showing a strong extracting power on its removal. The mineralisation of diuron in the presence and absence of HPBCD was tested in a soil managed with diuron for several years, involving therefore the presence of microorganisms that have some specificity for diuron. Natural soil attenuation for diuron was improved when a HPBCD solution was used in the presence of micronutrients as a bioavailability enhancer, obtaining 66 % of mineralisation in comparison to that obtained with only micronutrients addition (44 %).

Conclusions

The use of HPBCD solution at a very low concentration of only 10 times the diuron equimolar concentration in soil, acts as a bioavailability enhancer, accelerating the passage of the diuron-desorbing fraction from the soil particle surface to the soil solution, and hence, improving the accessibility of the microorganisms to the herbicide. Diuron mineralisation rate and the extent of its mineralisation were improved when the HPBCD solution was employed in the presence of micronutrients.  相似文献   

The leaf beetle Labidostomis lusitanica (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) as an Iberian pistachio pest: projecting risky areas     

Sara Rodrigo Gmez  Diego Gil-Tapetado  Jaime García-Gila  Javier Blasco-Arstegui  Carlo Polidori 《Pest management science》2022,78(1):217-229

  相似文献   

Interactive responses of Quercus suber L. seedlings to light and mild water stress: effects on morphology and gas exchange traits     

Jaime Puértolas  Marta Pardos  María Dolores Jiménez  Ismael Aranda  José Alberto Pardos 《Annals of Forest Science》2008,65(6):611-611

? The combined effect of water stress and light on seedlings of forest species is a key factor to determine the best silvicultural and afforestation practices in the Mediterranean area.

? The aims of this work was (1) to determine the optimal light level for the early development of cork oak seedlings under mild water stress and (2) to test if the combined effect of water stress and light followed the trade-off, the facilitation or the orthogonal hypothesis.

? Shade reduced instantaneous photosynthetic rates and water use efficiency in cork oak. However, seedlings grown under moderate shade (15% of full sunlight) were capable to accumulate similar amount of biomass than those grown under more illuminated environments by increasing their specific leaf area. Absolute differences in net photosynthesis between light treatments were higher in well watered than in water stressed seedlings. However, the impact of both factors on overall growth was orthogonal.

? We concluded that cork oak development is impaired under deep shade (5% of full sunlight) but it can be optimal under moderate shade (15% of full sunlight) even under moderate water stress. Implications of these patterns on regeneration, cultivation and afforestation of cork oak are discussed.

  相似文献   

A new lupene triterpenetriol and anticholinesterase activity of Salvia sclareoides     

Rauter AP  Branco I  Lopes RG  Justino J  Silva FV  Noronha JP  Cabrita EJ  Brouard I  Bermejo J 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(7-8):474-481

A new lupene triterpenetriol was isolated from the acetone extract of the aerial parts of Salvia sclareoides and characterised as (1beta,3beta)-lup-20(29)-ene-1,3,30-triol (1). In addition, nepetidin (2), nepeticin (3), lupendiol (4), (1beta,11alpha)-dihydroxy-lup-20(29)-en-3-one (5), ursolic acid (6), sumaresinolic acid (7) and hederagenin (8), were identified in this Salvia sp. To the best of our knowledge, the compounds 2 and 7 are new constituents in Salvia spp. The acetone, ethanol, butanol and water extracts of the plant were screened for the in vitro inhibitory activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrilcholinesterase (BChE), enzymes which play a role in the Alzheimer disease. All extracts inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity at 10 microg/ml, a remarkable activity since the standard drug rivastigmine does not inhibit acetylcholinesterase at the same concentration. Regarding the butyrilcholinesterase, the acetone extract at 1000 microg/ml was able to inhibit completely the enzyme activity and the butanol and ethanol extracts, at this concentration, produced a potent inhibition of BchE.  相似文献   

Factors involved in Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated gene transfer into Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco     

Marián López  Jaime M. Humara  Roberto Rodríguez  Ricardo J. Ordás 《Euphytica》2000,114(3):195-203

Cotyledons from dissected sterile embryos of salgareño pine (Pinus nigra Arn. ssp. salzmannii (Dunal) Franco) were inoculated with different disarmed Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains harbouring the binary vector p35SGUSint. The transient expression of a β-glucuronidase gene (uidA) was studied, using a histochemical staining procedure. Nineteen days after inoculation, the activity of β-glucuronidase was detected in epidermal and subepidermal layers of cotyledonary explants. The EHA105 strain harbouring a disarmed agropine-type Ti-plasmid (pTiBO542) was the most effective for gene transfer of the uidA gene. The effects of exudates and extracts from 0-day-old embryos on induction of vir gene expression in A. tumefaciens were also examined. The results of this study showed that salgarño pine embryo exudates contain a substance(s) that induce vir gene expression, in similar way to that observed with 100 μM acetosyringone (AS).All these findings suggest that T-DNA processing and transfer might take place when Agrobacterium infects suitable tissues of salgareño pine.  相似文献   

Chemical control of Delia platura in Phaseolus vulgaris with seed and soil treatments in Chile     

Maria Teresa Montecinos  V. Patricio Arretz  Jaime E. Araya 《Crop Protection》1986,5(6):427-429

A field trial with beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) was performed in the Santiago area, to evaluate the insecticidal effect of aldrin, carbofuran, chlorpyriphos, diazinon and lindane, applied to the seed or to the seed furrow, against the bean fly, Delia platura Meigen (Diptera, Anthomyiidae). Plant emergence was reduced with carbofuran and diazinon as a seed treatment, and chlorpyriphos in the furrow, in relation to the checks. All insecticidal treatments reduced the damage to the plants, demonstrating the value of using insecticides for controlling this pest.  相似文献   

Intraarticular injection of a Tin‐117 m radiosynoviorthesis agent in normal canine elbows causes no adverse effects     

Jimmy C. Lattimer  Kimberly A. Selting  Joni M. Lunceford  James R. Holland  Jaime Simon  Nigel R. Stevenson  Cynthia A. Doerr 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2019,60(5):567-574

This longitudinal prospective exploratory study used serial measurements in five dogs to evaluate safety and retention of a tin‐117 m (^117mSn) colloid after intra‐articular injection in normal elbow joints. Each dog was deemed healthy based on physical examination, laboratory results, and radiographic evaluation of both elbows. While anesthetized, each received an MRI of both elbows, followed by fluorine‐18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography scans of both elbow joints and associated lymph nodes. Joint fluid (0.5‐1.0 mL) was withdrawn aseptically from the left elbow joint, followed by intra‐articular injection of ^117mSn colloid (92.5 MBq; 1‐1.5 ml). Post‐injection assessments included blood counts, serum chemistry panels, urinalyses, radiographs, joint fluid analyses, MRI/positron emission tomography scans, scintigraphy, and biodistribution scans. On day 45‐47, each dog was euthanized and a complete postmortem examination was performed. Tissue samples were submitted for histopathology and radioisotope retention studies. Left elbow joints were decalcified and sectioned for future autoradiography. Scintigraphy, 1 day after injection, indicated slight radioisotope escape from the joint to regional lymph nodes. Serial blood, urine, feces, and organ counts indicated >99.1% of the ^117mSn activity was retained in the joint for 45‐47 days. Radiation output levels were below patient release levels the day following injection. Maximum standard uptake value for the injected joint decreased. Joint fluid cytology was unchanged. No dog exhibited lameness during the study. Absence of joint damage and lack of systemic effects after injection of the ^117mSn colloid in normal canine elbow joints indicate that this agent may be safely used for radiosynoviorthesis in dogs with osteoarthritis.  相似文献   

Description and evaluation of four ultrasound‐guided approaches to aid spinal canal puncture in dogs          下载免费PDF全文

Jaime Viscasillas  Tommaso Gregori  Diego Castiñeiras  Ignacio Redondo  Christopher Seymour 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2016,43(4):444-452

  相似文献   

Reproductive seasonality in creole hair sheep in the tropic     

Jaime Arroyo  Norma Judith Sánchez-Hernández  Narciso Ysac Ávila-Serrano  Marco Antonio Camacho-Escobar  Mabel Rodríguez-De-La-Torre 《Tropical animal health and production》2016,48(1):219-222

  相似文献