Microbial isolates from living petals, petal residues and leaf residues of rose, and from laboratory collections, were evaluated
for control of
Botrytis cinerea in rose. In leaf residues artificially infested with
B. cinerea, isolates of the filamentous fungi
Gliocladium roseum, FR136 (unidentified) and
Trichoderma inhamatum reduced sporulation of the pathogen by >90%, other filamentous fungi were 25–90% effective, and those of yeasts and bacteria
were <50% effective. In artificially inoculated petal residues, no microbe reduced sporulation of
B. cinerea by >75%, but isolates of
Cladosporium oxysporum and four yeasts were 51–75% effective, and three filamentous fungi, eight yeasts and
Bacillus subtilis isolates were 26–50% effective. Isolates of
T. inhamatum, C. oxysporum and
G. roseum performed best against
B. cinerea among isolates evaluated in leaf residues naturally infested with the pathogen and indigenous microorganisms. Totals of ten
isolates of filamentous fungi (including
C. oxysporum and
C. cladosporioides), two of yeasts and five of
Bacillus subtilis completely prevented lesion production by
B. cinerea in detached petals, and a further six isolates of filamentous fungi (including
G. roseum) and six yeasts were 90–99% effective. Isolates of
C. oxysporum, C. cladosporioides and
B. subtilis, the most effective microorganisms against
B. cinerea in flower buds, reduced number of lesions in the range of 42–65% compared with 59–89% for à standard fungicide (vinclozolin).
It is suggested that application of leading antagonists Jo living rose leaves and flowers should optimize control of inoculum
production by
B. cinerea when the tissues die. Optimal biocontrol of lesion production in flower buds requires a better understanding of the microenvironment
of petals.
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