High prevalence of intestinal zoonotic parasites in dogs from Belgrade, Serbia--short communication     

Nikolić A  Dimitrijević S  Katić-Radivojević S  Klun I  Bobrć B  Djurković-Djaković O 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2008,56(3):335-340

To identify areas of risk for canine-related zoonoses in Serbia, the aim of this study was to provide baseline knowledge about intestinal parasites in 151 dogs (65 household pets, 75 stray and 11 military working dogs) from Belgrade. The following parasites, with their respective prevalences, were detected: Giardia duodenalis (14.6%), Ancylostomatidae (24.5%), Toxocara canis (30.5%), Trichuris vulpis (47.0%) and Taenia-type helminths (6.6%). Of all examined dogs, 75.5% (114/151) were found to harbour at least one parasite species. Of these, mixed infections with up to four species per dog occurred in 44.7% (51/114). Infections with all detected species were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in military working (100%) and stray dogs (93.3%) versus household pets (50.8%). Among all parasites, agents with zoonotic potential including Giardia, Ancylostomatidae and Toxocara were detected in 58.3% (88/151) of all examined dogs with a significant difference (p < 0.05) among the subgroups (100%, 62.7% and 46.2% for military working dogs, stray dogs and household pets, respectively). The high prevalence of zoonotic parasites registered in the dog population from a highly urban area in south-eastern Europe indicates a potential risk to human health. Thus, veterinarians should play an important role in helping to prevent or minimise zoonotic transmission.  相似文献   

Plasma parathyroid hormone-related peptide and bone metabolism in periparturient dairy cows     

Filipović N  Stojević Z  Zdelar-Tuk M  Kusec V 《Acta veterinaria Hungarica》2008,56(2):235-244

The first weeks of lactation in dairy cows are characterised by elevated bone resorption. The connection between lactation and bone metabolism is still much discussed. In this work, changes in the concentration of plasma parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and markers of bone metabolism were studied in Holstein cows and heifers in the dry period and early lactation to determine the role of PTHrP in the relationship between the rate of bone remodelling and the onset of lactation in dairy cows. Blood samples were taken 14 days before calving ('D-14', n = 23) and then on day 10 ('D+10', n = 21) and day 30 after calving ('D+30', n = 23). Using enzyme immunoassay (EIA), the concentrations of PTHrP, parathyroid hormone (PTH), carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX) and oestradiol and the activity of bone specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP) were determined. The results showed a statistically significant increase in plasma PTHrP (p < 0.005) and CTX (p < 0.0001) in cows on 'D+10' as compared to 'D-14' and CTX on 'D+30' as compared to 'D-14' (p < 0.0001). Significant negative correlations were found between the concentrations of PTHrP and oestradiol (r = -0.29, p < 0.05) and those of CTX and oestradiol (r = -0.54, p < 0.0001). In nonpregnant heifers (n = 6), the concentration of CTX and the activity of BSALP were significantly higher (p < 0.0001) than in dry cows. The observed increments of PTHrP and bone resorption after parturition reveal adaptations of bone metabolism to lactation in dairy cows.  相似文献   

Comparison of mouse and rabbit model for the assessment of strong PGM-containing oil-based adjuvants     

Habjanec L  Halassy B  Vdović V  Balija ML  Tomasić J 《Veterinary immunology and immunopathology》2008,121(3-4):232-240

Peptidoglycan monomer (PGM) is an adjuvant active molecule with potential for use in human and veterinary vaccine. PGM's action is short-lived in mammals hence its effects might be limited. Novel PGM-containing oil-based formulations have been developed recently by incorporation of PGM into Montanide ISA720 and ISA206 adjuvants with the aim to prolong and improve immunostimulating activities of PGM. In the present work we studied the efficacy of such novel adjuvant formulations using two different antigens, ovalbumin and snake venom, respectively. Novel formulations were also tested in two experimental models, mice and rabbits. In rabbits the incorporation of PGM into oil-based adjuvants led to overall improvement of antigen-specific IgG response. However, in the mouse model, under experimental conditions used, it was not possible to distinguish differences in antigen-specific IgG response among several strong oil-based adjuvant formulations.  相似文献   

N. femoralis, N. obturatorius and N. ischiadicus: deviation in creation in the dogs     

Mihelić D  Mihelić D  Slavica A  Dezdek D  Trbojević-Vukicević T  Dzaja P  Majić-Balić I 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2007,36(6):401-407

Two hundred and twelve dog cadavers belonging to different breeds were examined, to investigate the formation of the femoral, obturator and the sciatic nerve. Besides the commonly described formation patterns of the mentioned nerves, some variations were also found. These variations were not gender-related, but on the other hand we discovered a certain correlation between the variations appearing in the formation of the femoral, obturator and the sciatic nerve. In 74.05% of cases, the femoral nerve was formed from ventral branches of the 4th, 5th and 6th lumbar nerve, and 16.98% of the dogs had the nerve formed from ventral branches of the 3rd, 4th and 5th lumbar nerve. Many dogs (i.e. 2.30%) had the femoral nerve formed from the ventral branches of the 5th, 6th and 7th, the 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th or the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th lumbar nerve, respectively. In 1.88% of dogs in particular, the femoral nerve was formed from ventral rami of the 4th and 5th lumbar nerve. In 66.98% of the examined dogs, the obturator nerve was formed from the ventral branches of the 4th, 5th and 6th lumbar nerve, followed by 16.59% of the dogs with the obturator nerve formed from the ventral rami of the 4th and 5th lumbar nerve and 9.43% of dogs in which the nerve was formed from the ventral branches of the 5th and 6th lumbar nerve. In 4.71% of dogs, the obturator nerve was formed from the ventral rami of the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th lumbar nerve, while only 2.30% of the examined dogs had the same nerve formed from the ventral branches of the 5th, 6th and 7th lumbar nerve. The sciatic nerve was formed from ventral branches of the 6th and 7th lumbar nerve and the 1st sacral nerve in 86.79% of the dogs. In 5.18% of cases, the same nerve was formed from a junction of the ventral branches of the 7th lumbar and the 1st and 2nd sacral nerve, and, in the same percentage of cases, it was formed from a junction of ventral branches of the 6th and 7th lumbar nerve and the 1st and 2nd sacral nerve. In 2.83% of the dogs, it was formed from a junction of the ventral branches of the 6th and 7th lumbar and the 1st sacral nerve. The correlation of variations established in the formation of the femoral, obturator and the sciatic nerve was not statistically significant.  相似文献   

Aquatic veterinary medicine     

Merrill PL  Tepper J  Walster CI  Palić D  Miller-Morgan T  Johnston CJ 《The Veterinary record》2007,160(13):452

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季节放牧下青藏高原高寒草甸牧草生物量空间分布特征     

张芊妤  曾奕丰  李文洁  申洁  王硕华  王树林  阿的鲁骥  李岚  侯扶江 《草业科学》2022,39(2):318-327

高寒草甸是青藏高原的主要草地类型之一,对维持国家生态屏障和当地人民生活具有极为重要的意义.本研究以甘肃玛曲高寒草甸4个季节性牦牛牧场为研究对象,探讨了季节性放牧对牧草生物量空间分布的作用.结果表明,不放牧样地和全年连续放牧样地植物群落地上生物量的变异系数高于其他季节牧场,分别为29.06%和29.02%.不放牧样地的根...  相似文献   

The effects of diet supplemented with Lactobacillus rhamnosus on tissue parameters of rainbow trout,Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum)          下载免费PDF全文

Natalija Topic Popovic  Ivancica Strunjak‐Perovic  Roberta Sauerborn‐Klobucar  Josip Barisic  Margita Jadan  Snjezana Kazazic  Inga Kesner‐Koren  Andreja Prevendar Crnic  Jelena Suran  Blanka Beer Ljubic  Vesna Matijatko  Rozelindra Coz‐Rakovac 《Aquaculture Research》2017,48(5):2388-2401

This study was carried out to establish the effects of a 6 week treatment with the diet supplemented with L. rhamnosus in concentrations of 10⁷ CFU g^?1 (G1 group) and 10⁸ CFU g^?1 (G2 group) on the condition expressed by condition factors (Fulton's, Clark's and B), intestinal microbiology, haematological, histological and selected antioxidative parameters of rainbow trout. A significantly higher condition factors were found in G1 group indicating that higher concentration of probiotic (10⁸ CFU g^?1) did not result in the better condition. Cholesterol and urea levels were significantly higher in both G1 and G2 groups, albumin in G1 and creatinine in G2 group with respect to control. A significantly higher liver TBARS level was observed in G2 group. The feeding with supplemented probiont apparently changed the resident microbiota. Three weeks after withdrawal of the supplemented feed, the microflora mostly reverted to the control composition, although L. rhamnosus in faecal matter of fish remained inherent. The epithelial structure of the proximal and distal intestine revealed the increased absorptive area in both treated groups, as well as the increase in the mucin‐secreting goblet cells. The L. rhamnosus‐treated groups demonstrated the capacity for the augmentation of the innate host defence.  相似文献   

Performance and welfare of Atlantic salmon,Salmo salar L. post-smolts in recirculating aquaculture systems: Importance of salinity and water velocity     

Trine Ytrestøyl  Harald Takle  Jelena Kolarevic  Sara Calabrese  Gerrit Timmerhaus  Bjørn O. Rosseland  Hans C. Teien  Tom O. Nilsen  Sigurd O. Handeland  Sigurd O. Stefansson  Lars O. E. Ebbesson  Bendik F. Terjesen 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2020,51(2):373-392

Producing a larger post-smolt in recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) could shorten the production time in sea cages and potentially reduce mortality. Knowledge of the biological requirements of post-smolts in closed-containment systems is however lacking. In the present study, the effects of salinity and water velocity on growth, survival, health, and welfare of Atlantic salmon reared in RAS were examined. Salmon smolts were stocked in three separate RAS with salinities of 12, 22, and 32‰ and subjected to high (1.0 body lengths per s⁻¹) or low (0.3 body lengths second⁻¹) water velocity. Growth performance, survival, welfare, and physiological stress responses were monitored until the fish reached a bodyweight of around 450 g. Growth rate was higher at lower salinity and higher water velocity generally had a positive effect on growth in all salinities. Feed conversion ratio was lower at 12‰ compared to the 22 and 32‰ when the fish were between 250 and 450 g. Higher mortality, elevated plasma cortisol levels, higher incidence of cataract, and a higher expression of stress-induced genes in the skin (iNOS, Muc5ac-like) indicated a negative effect of higher salinity on fish welfare. Male maturation was low (<1%), and not affected by salinity or water velocity.  相似文献   

Evidence of scientific research on organic plant breeding: A bibliometric study     

Bojan Mitrović  Miroslav Zorić  Sreten Terzić  Dalibor Živanov  Petar Čanak  Branko Milošević  Đura Karagić 《Plant Breeding》2023,142(4):407-417

Use of varieties bred under organic conditions is essential in order to minimize the yield gap between organic and conventional agriculture. The aim of this study was to analyse research publications related to the topic ‘organic plant breeding’ from the Web of Science database using bibliometric science mapping and visualization tools. The number of analysed documents in the bibliographic dataset was 204 from the 53 sources. The overall trend in the organic plant breeding literature showed that the number of publications increased during the observed time-span. We found that in total, 65 countries and 337 institutions are active in the field of organic plant breeding with a high degree of international collaboration. The top five countries according to the number of publications were the United States, Italy, Germany, France, and Canada, while the most active institutions were Wageningen University, Iowa State University, University of Alberta, University of Copenhagen, and University of Hohenheim. All keywords from the organic plant breeding research in the agronomy category were separated into seven clusters for different research topics. Although there is evident progress viewed through the increased trend in the number of publications, organic plant breeding needs further expansion and development. This is especially through the implementation of novel plant breeding techniques and methods aiming to improve traits that are highly specific to organic conditions.  相似文献   

不同干燥方式下叶蛋白-辣椒素微胶囊理化特性研究     

秦庆雨  李宇宇  李文虎  高冰  韩鲁佳  刘贤 《农业机械学报》2022,53(2):378-385

含有丰富蛋白资源的辣椒叶长期作为农业废弃物被掩埋和焚烧造成了严重的环境污染与资源浪费,同时辣椒素作为优质的天然生物抗菌物质因强烈的刺激性气味限制了其开发与应用.基于微胶囊技术方法以植物辣椒叶中提取的蛋白质为壁材,辣椒素为芯材,采用喷雾干燥和真空冷冻干燥法制备了叶蛋白辣椒素微胶囊,并利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、傅里...  相似文献