Effect of Washing on the Quality of Surimi-Like Preparation Obtained from Soft Tissue of Freshwater Mussel Sinanodonta woodiana (Lea, 1834)     

Jerzy Stangierski  Wojciech Andrzejewski  Jolanta Tomaszewska-Gras  Bożena Grześ  Piotr Konieczny  Maria Urbańska 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2013,22(9):961-974

ABSTRACT

The research analyses the influence of the number of washings and different washing solutions, on the recovery of dry matter and protein in a preparation made from freshwater mussel Sinanodonta woodiana, (Lea, 1834). The study involved qualitative and quantitative characterisation of mussel protein preparation (MPP) obtained by electrophoretic separation and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The type of washing agent had the greatest influence on dry matter and protein content. Washing the homogenate with NaCl solutions and water was more effective on protein extraction than using only water. Two bands of proteins with molecular weights of 270–273 kDa and 42–43 kDa were characterized by the highest band intensity in electropherograms. The DSC analysis showed that on all denaturation curves of the samples there was one main peak of transformation ranging 56.69–62.94°C. The research revealed that washing homogenates with NaCl solutions caused the appearance of additional peaks at lower transformation temperatures, i.e. from 19.68°C to 36.45°C. The highest enthalpy value (4.53 Jg^?1) was observed for the sample washed once NaCl solution and then water. The number of washings (1 or 2) and the use of a 0.5% NaCl solution or water were found to be the most favorable parameters for MPP production.  相似文献   

Thermal properties of wood-based panels: specific heat determination     

Łukasz Czajkowski  Wiesław Olek  Jerzy Weres  Ryszard Guzenda 《Wood Science and Technology》2016,50(3):537-545

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In vitro effects of dexamethasone on bovine CD25(+)CD4(+) and CD25(-)CD4(+) cells     

Maślanka T  Jaroszewski JJ 《Research in veterinary science》2012,93(3):1367-1379

This paper investigates the in vitro effect of dexamethasone on bovine CD25(high)CD4(+), CD25(low)CD4(+) and CD25(-)CD4(+) T cells. Only a small percentage of bovine CD25(high)CD4(+) (2-4%) and CD25(low)CD4(+) (1-2%) cells expressed Foxp3. Dexamethasone caused considerable loss of CD25(-)CD4(+) cells, but it increased the relative and absolute numbers of CD25(high)CD4(+) and CD25(low)CD4(+) lymphocytes, while at the same time reducing the percentage of Foxp3(+) cells within the latter subpopulations. Considering all these, as well as the intrinsically poor Foxp3 expression in bovine CD25(+)CD4(+), it can be concluded that the drug most probably increased the number of activated non-regulatory CD4(+) lymphocytes. It has been found that changes in cell number were at least partly caused by proapoptotic effect of the drug on CD25(-)CD4(+) cells and antiapoptotic effect on CD25(high)CD4(+) and CD25(low)CD4(+) cells. The results obtained from this study indicate that the involvement of CD4(+) lymphocytes in producing the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effect of dexamethasone in cattle results from the fact that the drug had a depressive effect on the production of IFN-γ by CD25(-)CD4(+) cells. Secretion of TGF-β and IL-10 by CD4(+) lymphocytes was not involved in producing these pharmacological effects, because the drug did not affect production of TGF-β and, paradoxically, it reduced the percentage of IL-10(+)CD4(+) cells.  相似文献   

Fuel consumption and exhaust emissions in the process of mechanized timber extraction and transport     

Piotr Lijewski  Jerzy Merkisz  Paweł Fuć  Andrzej Ziółkowski  Łukasz Rymaniak  Władysław Kusiak 《European Journal of Forest Research》2017,136(1):153-160

The paper focuses on the determination of fuel consumption (CO₂ emission) and exhaust emissions such as CO, HC, NO_x, and PM in the process of timber extraction and transport. A complex assessment of fuel consumption and exhaust emissions was performed for the entire, fully mechanized supply chain including, tree felling, delimbing, and bucking with a harvester, timber extraction with a forwarder and transport with a truck. The performed investigations determined unit exhaust emissions (referred to 1 m³ of timber) for the entire technological process and its individual stages. The investigations of the exhaust emissions and fuel consumption were performed under actual conditions of typical forest operations and transport. State-of-the-art portable emissions measurement system equipment was used for the measurements. The fuel consumption was determined through the carbon balance method. The investigations were performed for the process of extraction and transport of pulpwood. The measurements were performed on location in the town of B?bnik?t near Poznań, in a pinewood forest, typical of this part of Europe. The analysis includes the transport of timber to the lumberyard on a distance of 31.4 km. The total fuel consumption for the entire mechanized supply chain was 2.10 dm³/m³. The total exhaust emissions, however, amounted to: CO—8.91 g/m³, HC—1.19 g/m³, NO_x—45.32 g/m³, PM—4.04 g/m³.  相似文献   

Biochar and biochar with N fertilizer as a potential tool for improving soil sorption of nutrients     

Šimanský  Vladimír  Horák  Ján  Igaz  Dušan  Balashov  Eugen  Jonczak  Jerzy 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2018,18(4):1432-1440

Purpose

Biochar usually has a large specific surface area, and due to this, it increases the sorption capacity of the soil where it was applied. The objectives of this study were to (i) quantify the effects of biochar and biochar in combination with N fertilizer on the soil sorption parameters and (ii) quantify the effects of soil organic matter on the sorption parameters after application of biochar with and without N fertilizer.

Materials and methods

The experiment was established on Haplic Luvisol at the locality of Dolná Malanta (Slovakia) in 2014. The soil samples were collected once a month from the depth 0–0.2 m during 2014 to 2016. The field experiment included three rates of biochar application (B0?=?no biochar, B10?=?biochar at the rate of 10 t ha^?1, B20?=?biochar at the rate of 20 t ha^?1) and three levels of N fertilization (N0?=?no nitrogen, N40?=?nitrogen at the rate of 40 kg ha^?1, N80?=?nitrogen at the rate of 80 kg ha^?1).

Results and discussion

Overall, the decrease of the average values of hydrolytic acidity due to biochar and biochar combined with N fertilization resulted on average in an increase of sum of basic cation (SBC), cation exchange capacity (CEC), and sorption capacity of soil organic matter (CEC_SOM) in all treatments. However, this effect was the most intensive in B10N40. Despite the fact that the average values of sorption parameters improved, its dynamics during the investigated period were different. A significant decrease in CEC was observed from 2014 to 2016 in all treatments, except B0N0 and B10N0. A stable trend in CEC_SOM was observed only in B10N40. Humic substances and humic acids had a statistically significant positive effect on the SBC, CEC, and CEC_SOM only in B20N0 treatment. Negative correlations between the above mentioned parameters were observed in B10N80 treatment.

Conclusions

We conclude that the application of biochar and biochar combined with N fertilization had a positive influence on sorption parameters. However, its effects on SBC, CEC, and CEC_SOM decreased over time after its application.

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Changes in yield and gas exchange parameters in Festulolium and alfalfa grown in pure sowing and in mixture under drought stress     

Mariola Staniak  Jolanta Bojarszczuk  Jerzy Księżak 《Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section B - Plant Soil Science》2018,68(3):255-263

Crop performance and yield are the results of genotypic expression as modulated by continuous interaction with the environment. Among environmental factors, water is globally one of the most limiting for crop production. Water resources in the world are steadily diminishing and in many areas, including Poland, more frequent periods of drought are being observed. The aim of the study was to compare the yields and gas exchange parameters of Festulolium hybrid (Festulolium braunii (K. Richt) A. Camus) and alfalfa (Medicago?×?varia T. Martyn) under different levels of soil moisture (well-watered conditions and drought stress) and cultivation method (pure stand and mixture). The study has shown that all the measured parameters were affected by drought stress. Net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and dry mass yield were significantly lower under drought stress than under well-watered conditions in all treatment types. Alfalfa grown in a pure sowing showed the strongest reaction to stress, while hybrid Festulolium grown in mixture showed the weakest. It was also found that under stress, grass assimilated CO₂ and evaporated water much more intensively in mixture cultivation than in pure sowing. Higher water use efficiency (WUE) was observed in alfalfa and Festulolium growing in mixture only in the first year of the study.  相似文献   

Contributions of stomatal infiltration and cuticular penetration to enhancements of foliar uptake by surfactants     

Peter J. G. Stevens  Robyn E. Gaskin  Sung-Ok Hong  Jerzy A. Zabkiewicz 《Pest management science》1991,33(3):371-382

Radiolabelled deoxyglucose (DOG) and glyphosate were used to investigate the effects of certain non-ionic surfactants on the kinetics of foliar uptake in three species. ‘Silwet L-77’ (5 g litre^?1), an organosilicone surfactant, enabled spray solutions to infiltrate stomata, providing uptake of DOG into Vicia bean (50%), oat (35%) and wheat (20%) within 10 min of application. ‘Silwet Y-12301’, another organosilicone, also induced stomatal infiltration but to a lesser extent; unlike L-77, this was attenuated by partial stomatal closure. A third organosilicone, ‘Silwet L-7607’, and two conventional surfactants, ‘Triton X-45’ (OP5) and ‘Agral 90’ (NP9), did not induce stomatal infiltration. The effective minimum concentration of L-77 required to enable infiltration of stomata was 2 g litre^?1. The uptake of glyphosate into bean did not differ from that of DOG but the ‘Roundup’ formulation of glyphosate partially antagonised the infiltration provided by L-77. Addition of surfactants did not increase the rate of cuticular penetration of DOG into bean but total uptake was increased, except by NP9, either via infiltration (L-77 and Y-12301) or by extending the period during which penetration occurred (L-7607 and OP5). The surfactants had a variable effect on rates of penetration of DOG into wheat and oat. In general, foliar uptake followed an exponential timecourse which was largely complete within 6 h and only rarely approached 100% of the applied chemical. The stomatal infiltration provided by L-77 caused an increase in translocation of DOG in bean.  相似文献   

植酸酶对肉仔鸡不同锌源生物利用率的影响   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

戴求仲  Jerzy Koreleski 《中国畜牧杂志》2004,40(8):3-6

为评定植酸酶添加对不同锌源生物利用率的影响 ,选用 5 6 0只 4日龄肉用公鸡进行为期 2 4d的饲养试验。结果表明 :不管日粮添加植酸酶与否 ,ZnAA的生物利用率均高于ZnSO4 。日粮添加植酸酶ZnAA的相对生物利用率(ZnSO4 为 10 0 )分别为 :10 3(体增重 ) ,10 3.7(饲料转化率 ) ,114 .4 (脱脂胫骨锌含量 ) ,114 .5 (胫骨灰分锌含量 )和 10 8.9(胫骨总锌含量 )。日粮不加植酸酶组这些值相应为 12 0 .8,116 .0 ,139.1,14 1.6和 116 .9。  相似文献   

Quaternary ammonium salts and arginine are inhibitors of general amino acid permease in yeast     

Tadeusz M. Lachowicz  Jerzy Piatkowski  Stanislaw Witek 《Pest management science》1995,43(2):169-171

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Effect on earthworm and diptera populations of BHC dust applied to soil     

Lipa Jerzy J. 《Journal of pest science》1959,32(1):15

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