NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS OF CHAMAEROPS HUMILIS L. AND WASHINGTONIA ROBUSTA H. WENDL PALM TREES AND THEIR LONG-TERM NUTRITIONAL RESPONSES TO SALINITY     

María Dolores Simón  Manuel Nieves-Cordones  María Jesús Sánchez-Blanco  Trinitario Ferrández  Manuel Nieves 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(9):1466-1478

The ornamental value of plants used in semiarid areas can be improved by knowledge of their required nutrients and of their nutritional responses under saline conditions. We present a long-term study concerning the nutritional status in Chamaerops humilis and Washingtonia robusta. Two-year-old plants were grown for two years outdoors in pots using water with electrical conductivity values of 2 (control) or 8 dS m^?1 (saline conditions). Nutrient specific absorption rates and leaf nutrient transport rates were estimated by fitting a Richards function regression. We suggest fertilizing C. humilis and W. robusta plants with nitrogen (N): phosphorus pentoxide (P₂O₅): dipotassium oxide (K₂O) ratios of 4:1:5 and 5:1:3, respectively. Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System (DRIS) and Plant Analysis with Standardized Scores (PASS) norms were also evaluated. PASS norms provided better nutritional diagnosis than DRIS norms. In saline conditions, PASS-INI (Independent nutrient index) pointed to a deficiency (C. humilis and of nitrogen in W. robusta.  相似文献   

Nutrient uptake,partitioning, and removal in two modern high-yielding Colombian rice genotypes     

Alefsi David Sánchez-Reinoso  Mario Felipe Nieto  Joanna Dossmann  Jesús Hernán Camacho-Tamayo 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(18):2373-2387

Abstract

The objective of this research was to determine the difference on growth between a rice cultivar with Clearfield^® technology (Only Rice 228) and a hybrid (Benja 1); to characterize nutrient uptake, distribution, accumulation and removal between these two commercial genotypes. Tests under shade house and field conditions were performed to estimate macro and micronutrient uptake patterns. Plants were sampled at nine growth stages (emergence, initiation of tillering, active tillering, initiation of panicle primordia, booting, flowering, milky, soft dough and mature grain) and divided into different organs for nutrient determination. The results showed that “Benja 1” plants (92 d) had a shorter cycle than “Only Rice 228” (OR 228) plants (118 d). “OR 228” exhibited a greater biomass production (16.575?kg ha^?1 vs. 12.621?kg ha^?1) in field. The nutrient acquisition was faster in the hybrid Benja 1 between tillering initiation and the milky grain stage in which the N, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, B, and Cu uptake was more evenly and highly distributed throughout these stages in both conditions. “Benja 1” showed a higher nutrient harvest index (HI). HI values above 50% (P (62%), N (61%), Cu (67%), S (55%), and Mg (52%)) were found in Benja 1 under field conditions. The results also highlight Si removal in both rice genotypes, in which Benja 1 stands out. These results provide information on the nutrient uptake and partitioning of modern rice genotypes, and give the knowledge to optimize fertilizer programs and timing recommendations for rice biomass and grain production in Colombia.  相似文献   

Models of the interconnection of pumps to supply water to branched networks     

Sergio Zeferino Garza-Vara  Juan Francisco Pissani-Zuñiga  Alejandro Isabel Luna-Maldonado  Emilio Olivares-Saenz  Daniel Gómez-García  Javier de Jesús Cortés-Bracho 《Paddy and Water Environment》2013,11(1-4):423-431

The basic concepts from a hydraulic and mathematical point of view were introduced to describe the operation of a hydraulic branched network of water distribution. Moreover, each one of the elements (simples and complex) of the system was identified. Classic hydraulic equations were inputted to apply them to branched networks and obtain a standard solution. A set of linear and non-linear equations, through the Newton–Raphson method with the jacobian matrix were required to solve the branched network that interconnects two kinds of very different pumps: a volute type centrifugal pump and another one is submersible pump, both of them installed in a deep well. The system is a branched network with two nodes and five pipe lines, to adequately supply two pressure irrigation systems: a central pivot and a semi-portable sprinkler, where the pumps are located in different places and heights. The solution was obtained by solving a system of two linear equations and three non-linear, simultaneously.  相似文献   

Concentration and Sources of PM10 and its Constituents in Alsasua, Spain     

Jon Zabalza  David Ogulei  Philip K. Hopke  Jong Hoon Lee  Injo Hwang  Xavier Querol  Andrés Alastuey  Jesús M. Santamaría 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2006,174(1-4):385-404

Ambient concentrations of PM₁₀ were measured every fifteen minutes from November 2002 to October 2003 at Alsasua (Northern Spain) using a laser particle counter. A high volume sampler was also used to collect 24-h integrated PM₁₀ samples at a frequency of three running days per week (i.e. three consecutive PM₁₀ samples followed by five days without sampling) for gravimetric determination of PM₁₀ mass concentrations followed by chemical analysis of its chemical components. The annual mean PM₁₀ concentration obtained using the laser particle counter with gravimetric correction was 22.7 μg m^?3 (365 days), while the mean for the gravimetric samples was 29.5 μg m^?3 (134 days). A total of 94 integrated PM₁₀ samples were analyzed for 60 chemical species using a combination of inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP) and ion chromatography (IC). The concentrations of the main PM₁₀ components were found to be generally in agreement with the values reported for other Spanish cities. Bilinear Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF2) was used to study the sources of PM₁₀ and its constituents. Six main sources of PM₁₀ were identified (average contribution to total PM₁₀ mass in parentheses): crustal material (35%), secondary sulfate (21%), secondary nitrate (14%), motor vehicles (12%), sea-salt aerosol (12%) and metallurgical industries (3%).  相似文献   

Bacopa monnieri and Bacoside-A for ameliorating epilepsy associated behavioral deficits     

Jobin Mathew  Jes Paul  M.S. Nandhu  C.S. Paulose 《Fitoterapia》2010,81(5):315-322

Bacopa monnieri is an outstanding nervine tonic used for raising the mental performance. It helps in concentration, comprehension, recall and alertness, Brahmi is particularly beneficial as it aids in categorizing information in brain and its subsequent expression. Bacopa is also called as a natural antioxidant which may give details its neuroprotective role seen in the memory centers of the brain. Epilepsy is neuronal disorder characterized by learning, cognitive and memory impairments. The present review summarizes information concerning botany, chemistry and beneficial effect of Bacopa monnieri on epilepsy associated behavioral deficits.  相似文献   

Functionality of Agave Bagasse as Supplement for the Development of Prebiotics-Enriched Foods     

Escobedo-García  Sarai  Salas-Tovar  Jesús A.  Flores-Gallegos  Adriana C.  Contreras-Esquivel  Juan C.  González-Montemayor  Ángela M.  López  Mercedes G.  Rodríguez-Herrera  Raúl 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2020,75(1):96-102

Plant Foods for Human Nutrition - Agave bagasse is a fibrous-like material obtained during aguamiel extraction, which is also in contact with indigenous microbiota of agave plant during aguamiel...  相似文献   

Shelter and lighting in the intensive rearing of juvenile crayfish (Pacifastacus leniusculus,Astacidae) from the onset of exogenous feeding     

Rocío González  Jesús Domingo Celada  Vanesa García  José Manuel Carral  Álvaro González  María Sáez‐Royuela 《Aquaculture Research》2011,42(3):450-456

Recent advances on feeding in intensive rearing of juvenile astacids enable research of other factors influencing growth and survival without the confounding effect of inadequate feeding. Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of the number of shelters per crayfish and to test different lighting conditions. Stage 2 juvenile Pacifastacus leniusculus were stocked in fibreglass tanks and fed a dry diet for salmonids combined with restricted amounts of decapsulated Artemia cysts. In experiment 1, four, two or one shelters per crayfish were tested for 80 days. No significant differences were found among groups either in survival (final mean: 86.67%) or in growth [final mean: 11.41 mm mean carapace length (CL), 355.45 mg mean weight]. In experiment 2, three lighting conditions were tested for 120 days: continuous lighting of 925 lx, continuous darkness and natural photoperiod. Survival rates ranged from 76.7% to 88.3%, with no significant differences among groups. The crayfish kept under continuous darkness grew faster (final mean: 12.70 mm CL, 543.08 mg weight) than those reared under the other two light conditions. This study shows that, under improved feeding conditions, a minimum number of shelters can be provided, and faster growth can be obtained in continuous darkness.  相似文献   

Rhodamine-pink as a genetic marker for yeast populations in wine fermentation     

Ambrona J  Vinagre A  Maqueda M  Alvarez ML  Ramírez M 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2006,54(8):2977-2984

Winemaking with selected yeasts requires simple techniques to monitor the inoculated yeast. New high-concentration rhodamine-resistant mutants and low-concentration rhodamine-pink mutants, easy to detect by replica-plate assay, were obtained from selected wine yeasts. The rhodamine-pink mutations were dominant and were located at the pdr5 locus that encodes for the Pdr5 ATP-binding cassette multidrug resistance transporter. The mutants were genetically stable but had lost the killer phenotype of the parent yeast strain. They were genetically improved by elimination of recessive growth-retarding alleles followed by crossing with selected killer wine yeasts. Several spore-clones were selected according to their must fermentation kinetics and the organoleptic quality of the wine. Some spore-clones were tested in industrial winemaking, and they were easily monitored during must fermentation using a simple color-plate assay. They accounted for >96% of the total yeasts in the must, and the resulting wine had as good a quality as those made with standard commercial wine yeasts. The rhodamine-pink yeasts may also be detected by direct seeding onto rhodamine agar or by observation under fluorescence microscopy. These possibilities greatly reduce the time of analysis and make the monitoring procedure for rhodamine-pink yeasts faster, easier, and cheaper than for the genetically marked wine yeasts obtained previously.  相似文献   

Morphometric Relationship of Weight and Length of Cultured Freshwater Snail,Pomacea patula (Baker, 1922), at Three Different Life Stages     

Manuel García‐Ulloa  Maríadel Carmen Gallo‐García  Hervey Rodríguez‐González  Andrés Góngora‐Gómez  Jesús T. Ponce‐Palafox 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2008,39(6):842-846

  相似文献   

New phenolic esters from the resinous exudate of Haplopappus taeda     

Faini F  Labbé C  Torres R  Rodilla JM  Silva L  Delle Monache F 《Fitoterapia》2007,78(7-8):611-613

Two new phenolic esters 9-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-alpha-terpineol (1) and 7-trans-p-coumaroyloxy-taedol (2), both endowed with free radical scavenger activity and cleroda-3,13 (E)-dien-15,18-diol (3) for which a cis stereochemistry at the decalin junction was found, were isolated from the resinous exudate from Haplopappus taeda upper parts.  相似文献