室温粉碎搅拌法从印楝种仁中萃取印楝素的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

李晓升  王有琼  段琼芬  赵吉寿 《中国林副特产》2006,(3):1-3

用快速粉碎搅拌的方法从印楝种仁中萃取印楝素,分别研究了萃取时间、溶剂的选择及用量对印楝素萃取产率的影响。优化的工艺条件为:208g去油后的印楝种仁(相当于300g印楝种仁),以750ml甲醇做溶剂,在快速粉碎搅拌下萃取21min即可以达到最高萃取产率,与微波辅助法、超声波法、浸提法相比,具有提取率高、设备和操作简单、节约溶剂、快速等特点。  相似文献   

Effects of melatonin implantation on cashmere yield,fibre characteristics,duration of cashmere growth as well as growth and reproductive performance of Inner Mongolian cashmere goats     

Chunhui Duan  Jianhai Xu  Changmian Sun  Zhihai Jia  Wei Zhang 《畜牧与生物技术杂志(英文版)》2015,6(1)

Background

Exogenous melatonin could induce cashmere growth. However, induced growth of cashmere fleece by melatonin implants cannot be combined with the typical growth, resulting in earlier shedding followed by another cycle of cashmere growth. To address this issue, we examine the effects on the cashmere yield, fibre characteristics, and the growth and reproductive performance of cashmere goats of planned administration of melatonin.

Methods

Eighteen half-sib, female goats were assigned to two treatments (n = 9) including a control and a treatment where melatonin (2 mg/kg BW) was implanted at the end of April and end of June. Cashmere growth and shedding were observed for approximately 1 year following implantation. Fibre samples were collected monthly to determine cumulative cashmere length. Initiation and cessation dates for cashmere growth as well as the rate of cashmere growth were calculated. Cashmere yield, weight gain of dam, kidding date, litter size, and birth weight were also recorded.

Results

Melatonin implantation increased cashmere yield by 34.5 % (control 553.7 g vs. melatonin 745.0 g; P < 0.01), cashmere length by 21.3 % (control 95.2 mm vs. melatonin 115.4 mm; P < 0.01), and decreased fibre diameter by 4.4 % (control 14.6 μm vs. melatonin 14.0 μm; P < 0.03). In melatonin-treated goats, the average initiation date was earlier than in control goats (May 18, 2013 vs. July 2, 2013; P < 0.01) but there was a similar cessation date (March 22, 2014 vs. March 27, 2014). Consequently, the duration of cashmere growth was longer in melatonin-treated goats than in control goats (307 vs.270 days; P < 0.01). The final BW, average daily gain, kidding date, litter size, and birth weight were not influenced by melatonin implantation.

Conclusions

These data indicate that melatonin implantation (2 mg/kg BW) on two occasions (late April and June) increased cashmere yield by combining the induced growth of cashmere fleece with the typical growth and decreased the fibre diameter without changing dam growth rate or reproductive performance.  相似文献   

基于BIOCLIM模型的元江干热河谷稀树灌木草丛空间分布研究     

王一凯  张蒙蒙  段卫虎  杨凯悦  黄诚  周汝良 《绿色科技》2015,(3):1-3

根据影响干热河谷稀树灌木草丛分布的温度、数字高程模型（DEM ）以及归一化植被指数（NDVI）三个因子,使用BIOCLIM模型模拟元江县干热河谷稀疏灌木草丛空间分布,实现了元江县干热河谷空间分布的可视化表达。结果表明：干热河谷分布主要集中于除元江县城外的河谷两侧,其中东部分布较为集中,而在南部地区分布较为分散。加之近年来人为活动的加剧,对元江河谷生态环境的变化也有一定影响,该模型很好地预测了未来元江县干热面积的分布情况,以期对生物多样性保护和植被恢复提供决策支持。  相似文献   

轻型屋顶绿化在城市中的应用     

段聚佳  吴敏霞  潘玲华 《绿色科技》2015,(6)

指出了随着城市化进程的加快,城市给居民带来便利的同时,也带来了各种环境问题.由钢筋水泥组成的建筑群替代了原先的绿地,形成热岛现象.拥挤的车道排放大量汽车尾气,致使PM2.5值不断升高.城市居民过着冬冷夏热的生活,呼吸着质量令人堪忧的空气.改善居住环境增加绿地已经迫在眉睫,但我们也清楚地认识到在寸土寸金的城市增加大量绿地是不可能做到的,所以向空中要地是最好的出路.阐述了屋顶绿化的优势,并对屋顶绿化的具体对策进行了探讨.  相似文献   

Synthesis and characterization of a molecularly imprinted silica gel sorbent for the on-line determination of trace Sudan I in Chilli powder through high-performance liquid chromatography     

Wang S  Xu Z  Fang G  Duan Z  Zhang Y  Chen S 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2007,55(10):3869-3876

A highly selective imprinted polymer was synthesized by a surface molecular imprinting technique in combination with a sol-gel process. The imprinted polymer was evaluated by FT-IR and static and kinetic adsorption experiments. The results showed that the imprinted sorbent exhibited good recognition and selective ability, offered a faster kinetics for the adsorption and desorption of Sudan I than the non-imprinted sorbent, a saturated binding capacity (Qmax) that reached 33.47 mg g-1. The prepared sorbent was applied for the determination of trace Sudan I through on-line solid-phase coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography (SPE-HPLC). With a loading flow rate of 1.5 mL min-1 for sampling 50 mL, an enrichment factor of 1266 was achieved. The detection limit (S/N = 3) was 1.2 ng L-1, and the peak area precision (RSD) for five replicate detections of 0.01 microg L-1 Sudan I was 3.66%. The Sudan I in the chilli powder from the local market was determined at three levels (0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 ng g-1) with recoveries ranging from 80.31 to 94.02%.  相似文献   

包含密度因子的杉木可变指数削度方程研制     

张森森  段爱国  张建国  孙建军 《江西林业科技》2021,49(4):51-56,60

采用位于江西大岗山的杉木密度试验林中183株树干解析数据,以Kozak(2004)削度方程为原型,探讨了包含密度因子的杉木可变指数削度方程构建过程及效果.研究表明:1)b10/姨sd为最优的包含密度的指数表达形式;2)引入密度因子后,无论是非线性回归还是混合效应模型,削度方程的拟合精度均有所提高;3)应用混合效应模型对包含密度因子的削度方程进行预估时较非线性回归模型更优;4)构建的杉木可变密度可变指数削度方程在树干中部预估值的平均绝对偏差较低,而在树干基部和顶端的预测效果较差;5)树干削度随林分初植密度的增大而降低,降低的程度随着密度的增大而减少.  相似文献   

不同促生剂对红花玉兰娇红2号苗木移栽生长的影响     

王延双  赵秀婷  段劼  马履一  朱仲龙  何宝华  桑子阳 《东北林业大学学报》2021,49(5):24-31,39

娇红2号为红花玉兰系列新品种,具有极高观赏价值,但是红花玉兰娇红2号移栽后缓苗时间较长.为了缩短移栽缓苗期,促进苗木正常生长,尝试对红花玉兰娇红2号施用ABT-1号生根粉和EM菌剂,并分析其苗木生长发育过程,为揭示移栽后苗木生长响应规律及引种推广提供参考.以1年生红花玉兰娇红2号嫁接苗为试验材料,使用不同质量分数的ABT-1号生根粉和EM菌剂进行浸根、浇水试验.设置对照(CK)、A1、A2、A3、A4、B1、B2、B3、B4共9个处理,分别于5月、7月、9月进行生长指标和生理指标测定,分析各处理的苗木生长发育情况.结果 表明:各处理与对照相比,苗木根系生长恢复期缩短和结合体内保护酶系统的正向调节,促进了苗木正常生长;A3处理(ABT-1号生根粉)可缩短缓苗期2个月左右,用生根粉处理比EM菌剂处理的效果要好;A3处理(ABT-1号生根粉)能明显促进移栽苗木根系2-3级细根的分化吸收运输水分和营养,并通过提高净光合速率和调节自身保护酶系统活性,促进苗木恢复正常生长状态,缩短缓苗期2个月左右.  相似文献   

广西大青山杉木人工林断面积生长的长期密度与立地效应     

郭光智  李晓燕  姜丽  段爱国  张建国 《东北林业大学学报》2021,49(6):34-39,57

以广西大青山36年生杉木密度试验林为研究对象,分析A(1667株·hm-2)、B(3333株·hm-2)、C(5000株·hm-2)、D(6667株·hm-2)、E(10000株·hm-2)5种初植密度和10、14、16、18等4个立地指数级杉木人工林断面积生长的动态变化,探索南亚热带不同密度、立地条件下杉木林断面积生长的长期规律.结果表明:林分断面积随林龄增长而增加,且11～16年生期间增长快速,除A密度林分,其余密度林分断面积达到峰值后均呈下降趋势.立地指数级相同时,密度越大,林分断面积及其连年生长量、年平均生长量达到峰值越早且峰值越大.不同密度的林分断面积随林龄增长,差距逐步缩小并趋于一致.林分断面积的生长受密度、立地的叠加影响,且较低密度林分受立地的影响更大.幼龄林阶段,林分断面积及其连年生长量、年平均生长量,与林龄、密度、立地指数呈正相关;成熟期,中等密度C的林分断面积最大.  相似文献   

基于直剪试验的稻谷粮堆力学性质研究     

段永辉  金南南  静行 《农机化研究》2021,(4):141-147

为揭示粮仓建设和粮食运输途中粮堆的强度与剪胀特性,开展了在垂直压力为25~200kPa、含水率分别为8.41%、10.59%、13.88%和16.25%条件下的稻谷直剪试验。结果表明:稻谷粮堆剪切变形可分为弹性变形、塑性变形和籽粒压缩3个阶段;不同含水率下,稻谷粮堆强度特性基本符合莫尔-库伦强度准则,随着含水率增加,稻谷粮堆粘聚力逐渐减少,内摩擦角逐渐增大;含水率对稻谷粮堆的剪胀特性影响不明显,但随着垂直压力的增大,其剪缩性越明显;在垂直压力较小的条件下,含水率对稻谷粮堆的抗剪强度影响较大,随着垂直压力的增大,含水率对抗剪强度的影响逐渐减小。研究结果可为粮食仓储和运输、装载粮食机械的设计、粮堆数值仿真建模提供参考。  相似文献   

旋耕减阻降耗技术研究进展     

孙志全  段洁利  杨洲 《中国农机化学报》2021,(1)

我国是农业大国,农业发展关系到国计民生,而耕作是农业生产中的重要环节。随着我国农业机械化发展转型升级,耕作能耗过高,成为农业生产中必须面对的主要问题之一。旋耕作为一种应用广泛的耕作方式,开展旋耕减阻降耗技术研究,对我国农业可持续发展具有重要的现实意义。本文介绍了旋耕减阻降耗技术的研究要点,重点分析了国内外在旋耕刀辊结构优化、仿生减阻、振动减阻和农机农艺结合四个方面的研究进展,指出了旋耕减阻降耗技术发展中存在的问题。基于对国内外研究现状的分析,本文建议进一步完善我国旋耕刀设计理论体系,增强模拟试验和实际试验的相互印证,开发应用于旋耕刀微观受力及变形检测的仪器和测试平台,揭示旋耕刀—土壤互作机理,从而为我国旋耕减阻技术高质高效的发展奠定完善的理论基础和研究条件。  相似文献