我国沿海多毛类研究的现状   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

纪莹璐  拓宁  刘志强  孔玲  王宜艳 《水产科学》2012,31(5):306-310

正多毛纲是环节动物门中最大的一纲,包括80余科10 000多个已知种,多为海生。多毛类身体分节,具疣足和成束的刚毛,体前部多具分化良好的头部。其生活方式主要有两大类:游走类和定居类。游走类是一些自由活动的穴居、浮游、爬行者  相似文献   

皱纹盘鲍与光棘球海胆筏式混养研究   总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2  

王琦  孔泳滔  程振明  刘明清  邓兆芳  米成志 《水产科学》2000,19(3):15-18

皱纹盘鲍与光棘球海胆的混养可有效地防治污损生物的附着。综合分析鲍与海胆的生长、存活及防污损生物附着的效果,在生长期、高温期和恢复生长期混养海胆的最适密度分别为１５．２０个／格和１５－２０个／格。  相似文献   

聚β-羟基丁酸酯对凡纳滨对虾抗WSSV 能力及免疫基因表达量的影响     

邓康裕  孔杰  孟宪红  罗坤  栾生  曹宝祥  刘宁 《中国水产科学》2015,22(5):877-886

本实验采用单因子浓度梯度法,以添加不同质量分数(0.0%,0.5%,1.0%,2.5%,5.0%,10.0%)聚β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB)的人工配合饲料饲喂凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)20 d后,对其进行白斑综合症病毒(WSSV)感染测试;利用实时荧光定量PCR技术分析PHB对凡纳滨对虾抵御WSSV侵染能力的影响,并选择最高免疫保护率(RPS)组进行不同时间点基因表达量分析。研究发现,PHB对感染WSSV对虾的存活率无显著影响(P0.05);但感染WSSV的对虾平均存活时间随PHB浓度上升呈现先上升后下降再上升的趋势,饲喂PHB对虾的平均存活时间均高于对照组,其中1.0%PHB浓度组对虾平均存活时间最长,且显著高于空白对照组及5.0%PHB浓度组(P0.05)。分析各组对虾体内病毒含量,发现1.0%PHB浓度组对虾病毒含量在实验前期显著低于对照组(P0.05)。对虾感染WSSV后,对对照组及1.0%PHB实验组对虾前48 h内6个采样时间点的超氧化物歧化酶(sod)、过氧化氢酶(cat)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(gsh-px)、溶菌酶(lzm)及抗菌肽(abp)5个基因进行表达趋势分析,结果表明基因表达趋势在两组间无显著区别;投喂PHB的对虾在感染WSSV后血淋巴中sod、cat、gsh-px和lzm表达量呈现上升后下降再上升的趋势且分别在6 h、6 h、3 h、6 h达到最大值;abp在WSSV感染3 h内急速下降,随后在12 h达到最大值后又下降;另外饲喂PHB对虾体内免疫基因表达量均高于对照组。结果说明,PHB能够提高凡纳滨对虾对WSSV的抵抗力,且在一定程度上提高了对虾的免疫力。  相似文献   

脉红螺附着变态与食性转换的研究     

杨智鹏  于红  于瑞海  孔令锋  李琪 《水产学报》2016,40(9):1472-1478

为实现脉红螺苗种的规模化生产,本实验通过对脉红螺幼虫培育、采苗、稚螺培育等方面的系统研究,探索了脉红螺苗种繁育过程中幼虫附着变态率低和饵料转换难的问题。结果显示:脉红螺浮游幼虫前期(0~12 d)生长较快,壳高平均日增长21.8μm;中期(13~18 d)生长较慢,壳高平均日增长3μm;后期(19~30 d)生长加快,壳高平均日增长46.8μm。用取自沉淀池中的新鲜海水对脉红螺浮游幼虫进行附着变态诱导,诱导第1天脉红螺浮游幼虫开始出现附着变态,第4天时,附着变态活动基本结束,附着变态率为40%。为变态后的稚螺投喂刚附着的长牡蛎和魁蚶稚贝,第1~8天,稚螺壳高平均日增长65.6μm;第9天开始,稚螺生长速度加快;第9~12天,稚螺壳高平均日增长136.4μm;第13~16天,稚螺壳高平均日增长307.3μm;第17~20天,稚螺壳高平均日增长445.8μm。研究表明,用取自沉淀池中的新鲜海水诱导脉红螺浮游幼虫的附着变态效果好,刚附着的长牡蛎稚贝和魁蚶稚贝可以作为脉红螺稚螺培育阶段的适宜饵料。  相似文献   

中国对虾4代人工选育群体与1个野生群体遗传多样性分析及差异SNP位点筛查     

盖超伟  李旭鹏  曹宝祥  陈宝龙  张雅文  刘绵宇  栾生  孔杰  孟宪红 《中国水产科学》2021,28(12):1505-1514

利用 2b-RAD 技术对中国对虾(Fenneropenaeus chinensis) 2015 年、2016 年、2017 年、2019 年 4 代选育群体和野生群体合计 821 尾个体进行简化基因组测序, 分析中国对虾人工选育群体和野生群体遗传多样性特征, 挖掘在持续人工选育过程中受选择的 SNP 位点。测序共得到 83767 个 SNP 位点, F-统计结果显示, 野生群体与选育群体间遗传分化系数(FST)均值为 0.022, 野生群体与 2019 年选育群体之间遗传分化程度最高为 0.0260, 与 2015 年选育群体之间遗传分化程度最低为 0.0190; 野生群体与选育群体之间遗传分化系数(FST)均小于 0.05, 为弱遗传分化。 群体主成分分析(PCA)结果显示野生群体与选育群体之间遗传结构未发生明显改变。遗传多样性统计结果表明,野生群体与选育群体期望杂合度(He)均值分别为 0.1716 和 0.1806, 观测杂合度(Ho)均值分别为 0.1861 和 0.1943, 多态性信息含量(PIC)均值分别为 0.1428 和 0.1515, 核苷酸多态性(Pi)均值分别为 0.1732 和 0.1813, 其中 2017 年、2019 年选育群体各遗传多样性指数与野生群体相比均存在显著差异(P＜0.05)。对不同世代选育群体与野生群体进行选择消除分析, 分别得到 92 个、103 个、166 个、117 个受选择 SNP 位点, 共有位点数目为 4 个。相邻世代选育群体之间等位基因频率逐代上升的共有位点数目为 7107 个, 其中 3674 个位点显著偏离哈迪–温伯格平衡(P＜0.05); 等位基因频率逐代下降的共有位点数目为 8501 个, 其中 4101 个位点显著偏离哈迪–温伯格平衡(P＜0.05)。研究结果表明, 中国对虾经过累代人工选育, 依然具有较高的遗传选育潜力, 可以继续作为人工选育材料。  相似文献   

苹果属小金海棠MxIrt1基因特异性片段的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备     

孙春玉  王忆  孔瑾  许雪锋  李天忠  韩振海 《园艺学报》2009,36(10):1411-1416

 MxIrt1是从苹果属植物小金海棠中克隆出的二价阳离子转运膜蛋白基因。为进一步研究该基 因的功能, 利用MxIrt1基因位于第3和第4跨膜区之间的162 bp片段, 构建了原核表达载体pGEX-MxIrt1,经原核表达、亲和层析、获得GST2MxIRT1融合蛋白, 以融合蛋白为抗原, 制备多克隆抗体, ELISA方法检测抗体效价阳性, 蛋白质印迹检测植物体内总蛋白, 获得与预期大小一致的特异性条带。上述结果表明,表达的目的蛋白可用于免疫组织化学、蛋白质印迹检测。  相似文献   

Effect of transketolase-like protein 1 on proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells     

ZHANG Song  YANG Ju-hong  KONG Wei-jia  SUN Yu 《园艺学报》2009,25(3):505-509

AIM: To investigate the effect of transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1) on proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vitro. METHODS: The siRNA against TKTL1 mRNA was constructed and transfected into human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE cell line). The activity of transketolase was detected before and after RNA interference.Real-time PCR was used to determine the mRNA expression of transketolase (TKT) gene family in the CNE cells.Flow cytometry and MTT test were used to detect the effect of anti-TKTL1 siRNA on cell proliferation and cell cycle in the CNE cells. RESULTS: The total transketolase activity was significantly decreased in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct compared with the cells transfected with control vector or untransfected CNE cells. No significant difference in the expression level of TKT and TKTL2 gene between the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct and the cells transfected with control vector or untransfected CNE cells was observed (P>0.05). However, the expression level of TKTL1 gene was significantly downregulated in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct compared with the cells transfected with control vector.Cancer cells were arrested in G0/G1 phase, and cancer cell proliferation was significantly inhibited in the CNE cells transfected with siRNA TKTL1 construct. CONCLUSION: TKTL1 plays an important role in the total transketolase activity and cell proliferation of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma. TKTL1 may be considered as a potential target for novel anti-cancer therapy.  相似文献   

茎芥菜胞质四倍体白菜雄性不育系花药发育的研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

孔艳娥  张蜀宁  侯喜林  刘惠吉  钟程 《园艺学报》2009,36(2):267-272

 以茎芥菜胞质雄性不育系与四倍体白菜杂交获得的同源四倍体白菜异源胞质雄性不育系及其保持系为材料,采用形态学和石蜡切片方法研究其花药解剖结构及发育。结果表明：该雄性不育为结构性雄性不育,其退化或畸形雄蕊分为5种类型：盾状雄蕊、条状雄蕊、片状雄蕊、羽状雄蕊和瓣状雄蕊。该雄性不育系花药发育败育有两个时期,盾状雄蕊花药败育于孢原细胞分化期,雄蕊整个发育时期均处在孢原细胞分化期,无绒毡层与花粉母细胞的分化,不形成药室,属孢子体败育型;其它类型雄蕊,花药败育发生在雄蕊原基分化时期,由于雄蕊原基偏离正常的分化轨道,形成瓣状化雄蕊。  相似文献   

Effect of Beclin 1 RNA interference on Vit K3 injured SMMC-7721 cells     

YANG Chuang  ZHANG Hong-yu  KONG Xiao-xia  WANG Guang-yi  SUN Lian-kun 《园艺学报》2009,25(7):1288-1291

AIM: To observe the effect of Beclin 1 silencing by RNA interference (RNAi) technique to the injury of SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells by vitamin K3 (Vit K3).METHODS: The recombinant plasmid Psilencer 3.1-siRNA-Beclin 1 was transfected into SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells by eukaryotic cell transfection technique. Plasmid vector and cell culture medium were used as negative and control, respectively. The cells were collected 48 h later to extract cell RNA and total protein and to detect Beclin 1 gene expression by RT-PCR and Western blotting. 40 μmol/L Vit K3 was used to treate the Beclin 1-siRNA cells, Hoechst33342 staining was used for the determination of the percentage of cell apoptosis.RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the synthetic siRNA of Beclin 1 significantly decreased the levels of Beclin 1 mRNA and protein expressions. Beclin 1 mRNA was up-regulated in 40 μmol/L Vit K3 treated SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells, the percentage of apoptosis cells increased (P﹤0.01). In beclin 1-siRNA cells, Beclin 1 mRNA was down-regulated obviously, the percentage of apoptosis cells increased significantly compared with the 40 μmol/L Vit K3 group (P﹤0.01).CONCLUSION: The transfection of SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells by Psilencer3.1-siRNA-Beclin 1 effectively inhibits the expressions of Beclin 1 mRNA and protein, inhibits the activation of Beclin 1 dependent autophagic signaling pathway, and aggravates the apoptosis induced by Vit K3.  相似文献   

Protective effect of bivalent anti-snake venom IgY administered intragastrically on mice with cobra or viper envenomation     

QI Jun-hua  ZHONG Ji-fu  KONG Tian-han 《园艺学报》2009,25(8):1600-1605

AIM: The different effect of bivalent immunoglobulin Yolk (IgY) was evaluated against snake venom between intragastric administration and intraperitoneal injection in mice with cobra or viper envenomation. METHODS: The venom of naja and viper was injected alternately into the leghorn hen. Bivalent anti-snake venom IgY was extracted by water dilution. The concentration of bivalent IgY in plasma was observed in indirect ELISA assay after bivalent anti-snake venom IgY taken orally. The gastric emptying function test was used for determining optimization time after gastric administration of IgY. The protective effect of bivalent anti-snake venom IgY was compared between intragastric administration and intraperitoneal injection in mice with cobra or viper envenomation. RESULTS: Bivalent anti-snake venom IgY was extracted from eggs laid in 28-42 d after the first immunization. The titers of Bivalent IgY against cobra and viper venom were 1∶12 800 and 1∶6 400. At the time of 2.5-3.5 h after bivalent anti-snake venom IgY was taken orally in three concentrations (75 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg·0.5 mL-1·20 g-1 BW), the gastric evacuation rate of mice was above 68.9%, with the plasma concentration of bivalent IgY in peak. The survival time of mice envenomation with snake venom was extremely prolonged (P<0.01), after IgY was taken by intragastric administration or intraperitoneal injection. While administration with the same dose of IgY, the survival rate of mice envenomation with cobra venom was higher than that of viper venom. The effective dose of intragastric administration was decuple higher than that of intraperitoneal injection. CONCLUSION: The animal envenomation with cobra or viper venoms can be significantly protected by bivalent anti-snake venom IgY with intragastric administration or intraperitoneal injection.  相似文献