Agonoscena succincta (Heeger, 1856) (Hemiptera,Aphalaridae): a first record for Tunisia and Africa     

M. Ben Halima Kamel  L. Mdellel  S. Zouari  R. Adouani  J. F. Germain 《EPPO Bulletin》2019,49(3):567-569

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Time series analysis of soybean response to varying atmospheric conditions for precision agriculture     

Peter Ako Larbi  Steven Green 《Precision Agriculture》2018,19(6):1113-1126

Four time-lapse cameras, Bushnell Nature View HD Camera (Bushnell, Overland Park, KS, USA) were installed in a soybean field to track the response of soybean plants to changing weather conditions. The purpose was to confirm if visible spectroscopy can provide useful data for tracking the condition of crops and, if so, whether game and trail time-lapse cameras can serve as reliable crop sensing and monitoring devices. Using the installed cameras, images were taken at 30-min intervals between July 22 and August 1, 2015. Using the RGBExcel software application developed in-house, image data from the R (red), G (green), and B (blue) bands were exported to Microsoft Excel for further processing and analysis. Daytime adjusted green red index data for the plant, based on the R and G data, were plotted against time of image acquisition and also regressed with selected weather parameters. The former showed a rise-and-fall trend with daily peaks around 13:00, while the latter showed a decreasing order of correlation with weather variables as follows: log of solar radiation?>?log of soil surface temperature?>?log of air temperature?>?log of soil temperature at 50-mm depth?>?log of relative humidity. Despite some low correlations, the potential for using game and trail cameras with time-lapse capability to track changes in crop vegetation response under varying conditions is established. The resulting data can be used to develop models that can aid precision agriculture applications. This can be further explored in future studies.  相似文献   

Do reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by NaCl contribute to ammonium accumulation in Spartina alterniflora?     

Kamel Hessini  Cristina Cruz  Mhemmed Gandour  Abdelaziz Soltani  Chedly Abdelly 《植物养料与土壤学杂志》2009,172(6):851-860

Growth, activity of antioxidant enzymes viz. glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and some metabolic processes related to ammonium metabolism were investigated in a salt‐tolerant Spatina alterniflora. In comparison to 0 mM–NaCl treatment, growth of S. alterniflora plant increased significantly at 200 mM NaCl, but was highly inhibited at 500 mM NaCl. Ammonium concentration in the leaves and roots increased 2.1–3.4 times when plants were treated with 500 mM NaCl. Under 200 mM NaCl, antioxidant‐enzyme activities increased, however, at 500 mM the antioxidant system was unable to compensate reactive oxygen species induced by NaCl. At this high level of salinity, ammonium production through nitrate reductase (NR) was inhibited, but no significant changes in the activities of glutamine synthetase (GS) or glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) were found. We conclude that the accumulation of ammonium under high salt stress was not due to inhibition of the assimilatory activities of GS or GDH. Ammonia accumulation under high salinity may result from amino acid and protein catabolism activated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or a lack of carbon skeletons to incorporate ammonium into organic molecules due to a decrease in photosynthetic activity in salt‐stressed plants.  相似文献   

Anatomical,histological and immunohistochemical study of the tongue in the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)     

Francesco Abbate  Maria Cristina Guerrera  Maria Levanti  Rosaria Laurà  Marialuisa Aragona  Kamel Mhalhel  Giuseppe Montalbano  Antonino Germanà 《Anatomia, histologia, embryologia》2020,49(6):848-858

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Disease and injury among participants in the Agricultural Health Study     

Blair A  Sandler D  Thomas K  Hoppin JA  Kamel F  Coble J  Lee WJ  Rusiecki J  Knott C  Dosemeci M  Lynch CF  Lubin J  Alavanja M 《Journal of agricultural safety and health》2005,11(2):141-150

The Agricultural Health Study (www.aghealth.org) is a cohort of 89,658 pesticide applicators and their spouses from Iowa and North Carolina assembled between 1993 and 1997 to evaluate riskfactorsfor disease in ruralfarm populations. This prospective study is just now reaching sufficient maturity for analysis of many disease endpoints. Nonetheless, several analyses have already provided interesting and important leads regarding disease patterns in agricultural populations and etiologic clues for the general population. Compared to the mortality experience of the general population in the two states (adjusted for race, gender, age and calendar time), the cohort experienced a very low mortality rate overall and for many specific causes and a low rate of overall cancer incidence. A few cancers, however, appear elevated, including multiple myeloma and cancers of the lip, gallbladder, ovary, prostate, and thyroid, but numbers are small for many cancers. A study of prostate cancer found associations with exposure to several pesticides, particularly among individuals with a family history of prostate cancer. Links to pesticides and other agricultural factors have been found for injuries, retinal degeneration, and respiratory wheeze. Methodological studies have determined that information collected by interview is unbiased and reliable. A third round of interviews scheduled to begin in 2005 will collect additional information on agricultural exposures and health outcomes. The study can provide data to address many health issues in the agricultural community. The study investigators welcome collaboration with interested scientists.  相似文献   

Mediterranean natural forest living at elevated carbon dioxide: soil biological properties and plant biomass growth   总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8  

M.C. Moscatelli  M. Fonck  P. De  Angelis  H. Larbi  A. Macuz  A. Rambelli  S. Grego 《Soil Use and Management》2001,17(3):195-202

Abstract. Biomass productivity and soil microbial responses to long-term CO₂ enrichment have been investigated in a Mediterranean natural forest ecosystem. Several biochemical parameters have been measured on soil samples taken from six open top chambers (OTCs), enclosing clumps of natural Mediterranean woody vegetation including: Quercus ilex L., Phillyrea angustifolia L., Pistacia lentiscus L. and Myrtus communis L. The CO₂ concentration of the air inside the OTCs was either ambient or ambient plus 350 μmol mol^–1 ( c . 710 ppm as mean daily value). Microbial C biomass, microbial respiration, dehydrogenase, β-glucosidase, acid phosphatase and protease activities, inorganic N and soluble P, were tested in order to evaluate soil microbial size and activity. Statistically correlated seasonal patterns have been identified in some biochemical parameters in response to climatic conditions, soil nutritional status and the physiology of the vegetative cover. In situ soil respiration and above- and below-ground productivity were also measured. Microbial responses to CO₂ enrichment were observed only at the beginning of the study and a general progressive reduction of the CO₂ effect was recorded as monitoring continued. These results are in agreement with data from literature regarding similar studies on natural complex communities.  相似文献   

A thymic precursor to the NK T cell lineage   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Benlagha K  Kyin T  Beavis A  Teyton L  Bendelac A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,296(5567):553-555

CD1d-restricted autoreactive natural killer (NK1.1+) T cells function as regulatory cells in various disease conditions. Using improved tetramer tracking methodology, we identified a NK1.1- thymic precursor and followed its differentiation and emigration to tissues by direct cell transfer and in situ cell labeling studies. A major lineage expansion occurred within the thymus after positive selection and before NK receptor expression. Surprisingly, cytokine analysis of the developmental intermediates between NK and NK+ stages showed a T helper cell TH2 to TH1 conversion, suggesting that the regulatory functions of NK T cells may be developmentally controlled. These findings characterize novel thymic and postthymic developmental pathways that expand autoreactive cells and differentiate them into regulatory cells.  相似文献   

Lotusine G: a new cyclopeptide alkaloid from Zizyphus lotus     

Le Crouéour G  Thépenier P  Richard B  Petermann C  Ghédira K  Zèches-Hanrot M 《Fitoterapia》2002,73(1):63-68

In addition to six cyclopeptide alkaloids lotusines A-F, a new compound lotusine G, was isolated from the root bark of Zizyphus lotus by centrifugal partition chromatography.  相似文献   

Sesquiterpene lactones from Centaurea musimomum. Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities     

Medjroubi K  Benayache F  Bermejo J 《Fitoterapia》2005,76(7-8):744-746

The chloroform extract of the aerial parts of Centaurea musimomum exhibited significant activity against Plasmodium falciparum. The phytochemical study of this extract gave seven native and four acetylated sesquiterpene lactones.  相似文献   

Alchornea cordifolia,a promising indigenous browse species adapted to acid soils in southeastern Nigeria for integrated crop-livestock agroforestry production systems     

A. Larbi  M. A. Jabbar  E. J. Orok  N. B. Idiong  J. Cobbina 《Agroforestry Systems》1993,22(1):33-41

Dry matter (DM) production, crude protein, phosphorus fibre contents and goat preference for eight indigenous browse species,Alchornea cordifolia, Diallum guineense, Ficus capensis, Baphia nitida, Manniophytum fulvum, Homalium aylmeri, Glyphaea brevis andRauwolfia vomitoria, and for two exotics,Leucaena leucocephala andGliricidia sepium, in cultivated plots were compared on acid soil in southeastern Nigeria. Total DM production was higher (P<0.05) forAlchornea cordifolia than for the other browse species.Glyphaea brevis andL. leucocephala were the most preferred species, whileA. cordifolia, G. sepium andR. vomitoria were the least. Mean crude protein content of browse species in this study was higher, whileP and neutral detergent fibre were lower than reported for other browse species in Nigeria. It is argued that the ultimate goal of a crop-livestock agroforestry system such as alley farming, could be better achieved through the complementary use of browse species.  相似文献