Hyperthyroidism Associated with a Thyroid Adenocarcinoma in a 21-Year-Old Gelding     

Sammy Ramirez  Jill J. McClure  Rustin M. Moore  Karen J. Wolfsheimer  Stephen D. Gaunt  Mustajab H. Mirza  Wayne Taylor 《Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine》1998,12(6):475-477

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Multiple paternity,reproductive skew and correlates of male reproductive success in a wild population of the Trinidadian guppy     

Karen E. Elgee  Indar W. Ramnarine  Trevor E. Pitcher 《Ecology of Freshwater Fish》2012,21(1):109-118

Abstract – In most species, males have a higher reproductive potential than females, leading to skewed reproductive success, particularly in mating systems where pre‐ or postcopulatory sexual selection reinforces inequality in male mating success. We investigated multiple paternity, reproductive skew and correlates of male reproductive success in a wild population of the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata). We used nine microsatellite loci to assess the frequency of multiple paternity, number of sires per brood and reproductive skew. Across broods, the frequency of multiple paternity was high with 94% of broods having multiple sires (range: 1–5), resulting in a reproductive skew of 0.14. Variation in male reproductive success was high (range: 0–14 offspring per male), suggesting that there is considerable opportunity for sexual selection. Next, we examined correlations between male reproductive success and sexual coloration, sperm velocity and gonopodium length. Relative area of orange, black, iridescent and total coloration, and sperm velocity were not correlated with reproductive success. However, gonopodium length explained 14% of the variation in reproductive success, suggesting that gonopodium length is likely a sexually selected trait. We discuss these findings in the light of other studies that genetically dissect joint‐sex parentage and examine correlates of male reproductive success in wild populations.  相似文献   

Der Einfluß von Fluorverbindungeii auf den Chlorophyll a+b-Gehalt von Pappelblättern im Freiland bei verschiedener Belastung1     

Karen Von Gronebaum-Turck  P. Math 《Forest Pathology》1976,6(1):57-59

The effect of different concentrations of fluorine on the content of chlorophylls a and b in poplar leaves. The concentrations of the chlorophylls a and b and of the fluoride ions in poplar leaves were measured regularly from May to September 1974. The concentration of F increased steadily whereas the concentration of the chlorophylls decreased by 30% compared to first appearance of the leaves. The content of F- to that of chlorophyll a and b cannot be correlated.  相似文献   

Explaining variation in Brazil nut fruit production     

Karen A. Kainer  Lúcia H.O. Wadt  Christina L. Staudhammer 《Forest Ecology and Management》2007,250(3):244-255

Brazil nut is widely recognized as the cornerstone of the Amazonian extractive economy. Tight linkages between Brazil nut production, regional income, and intact mature forests have thrust this species into focus as a key component of Amazonian conservation and income generation strategies. Nonetheless, a comprehensive synthesis of factors explaining Brazil nut fruit production variation is lacking. We aimed to address this knowledge gap, asking: (1) What are the rates and annual variation of Bertholletia excelsa fruit production at individual and population levels? (2) What factors explain B. excelsa production variation, focusing on spatial and temporal variables, diameter at breast height (dbh), crown attributes, liana loads, and soil attributes? and (3) Does liana cutting affect fruit production?  相似文献   

Investigation of biosecurity risks associated with the feed delivery: A pilot study     

Kate Bottoms  Cate Dewey  Karen Richardson  Zvonimir Poljak 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(5):502-508

This study explored potential biosecurity issues related to the delivery of feed to commercial farms. A pilot study was conducted to collect information about the day-to-day feed delivery, including biosecurity concerns at the level of the feed truck, the driver, and the farm. In addition, a reusable rubber boot was tested in an effort to increase the proportion of farms at which truck drivers wore clean footwear, and to explore an alternative to the standard plastic disposable boots that may be unsafe in winter conditions. Most farms did well in terms of proper dead-stock management and keeping the farm lane and feed bin areas clean. The provision of reusable rubber boots significantly increased the proportion of deliveries in which the driver wore clean footwear.  相似文献   

Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis and the influence of strain type on infection and pathogenesis: a review     

Karen Stevenson 《Veterinary research》2015,46(1)

Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map) is an important pathogen that causes a chronic, progressive granulomatous enteritis known as Johne’s disease or paratuberculosis. The disease is endemic in many parts of the world and responsible for considerable losses to the livestock and associated industries. Diagnosis and control are problematic, due mostly to the long incubation period of the disease when infected animals show no clinical signs and are difficult to detect, and the ability of the organism to survive and persist in the environment. The existence of phenotypically distinct strains of Map has been known since the 1930s but the genetic differentiation of Map strain types has been challenging and only recent technologies have proven sufficiently discriminative for strain comparisons, tracing the sources of infection and epidemiological studies. It is important to understand the differences that exist between Map strains and how they influence both development and transmission of disease. This information is required to develop improved diagnostics and effective vaccines for controlling Johne’s disease. Here I review the current classification of Map strain types, the sources of the genetic variability within strains, growth characteristics and epidemiological traits associated with strain type and the influence of strain type on infection and pathogenicity.  相似文献   

A preliminary survey of the histopathological features of skin from the planum nasale and adjacent skin of dogs unaffected by dermatological or respiratory disease          下载免费PDF全文

John H. C. Hutt  Karen A. Dunn  Tim J. Scase  Michael A. Shipstone 《Veterinary dermatology》2015,26(5):359-e79

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The impact of a community-based food skills intervention on cooking confidence, food preparation methods and dietary choices - an exploratory trial     

Wrieden WL  Anderson AS  Longbottom PJ  Valentine K  Stead M  Caraher M  Lang T  Gray B  Dowler E 《Public health nutrition》2007,10(2):203-211

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility of undertaking a food skills intervention study in areas of social deprivation aimed at altering cooking confidence, food preparation methods and dietary choices. DESIGN: A standardised skills programme was implemented in community-based settings. Pre- (T1) and post-intervention (T2) and 6-month follow-up (T3) measures (7-day diaries and self-administered questionnaires) were undertaken in intervention and comparison groups. SETTING: Eight urban communities in Scotland. SUBJECTS: One hundred and thirteen adults living in areas of social deprivation. RESULTS: It was clear that many subjects led fragmented lives and found commitment to intervention classes problematic. Sixty-three subjects completed the final (T3) assessments. The response to each component varied due to inability to attend sessions, illness, study requirements, employment, moving out of the area, change in circumstances, loss of interest and loss of postal questionnaires. At baseline, reported consumption of fruit and vegetables was low (mean frequency 8.1 +/- 4.78 times per week). Fruit intake increased significantly (P < 0.05) between T1 and T2 in the intervention group (1.7 +/- 2.36 to 2.7 +/- 3.28 times per week) only. Between T1 and T3, there was a significant increase (P < 0.05) in intervention subjects who reported confidence in following a recipe (67-90%,). CONCLUSIONS: This exploratory trial shows that a food skills intervention is likely to have a small but positive effect on food choice and confidence in food preparation. A full-scale randomised controlled trial in this hard-to-reach group would require a range of flexible approaches rather than a fully defined intervention, and presents challenges for trial design.  相似文献   

Evaluation of sedation for standing clinical procedures in horses using detomidine combined with buprenorphine     

Polly Taylor  Karen Coumbe  Frances Henson  David Scott  Alan Taylor 《Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia》2014,41(1):14-24

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Electrical stunning followed by decapitation or chilling of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): assessment of behavioural and neural parameters and product quality   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Bert Lambooij  Karen Kloosterboer  Marien A Gerritzen  Geert André  Martine Veldman  & Hans Van De Vis 《Aquaculture Research》2006,37(1):61-70

The objective of this study was to assess neural and behavioural responses in farmed African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) upon electrical stunning in combination with decapitation or chilling. To assess the possibility of scaling up one or both experimental methods, two trials were performed in an experimental setting. The product quality of the collected samples was compared with the currently applied industrial method: live chilling. After electrical stunning in combination with decapitation, the fish showed spikes alternated with theta and delta waves on the EEG, followed by minimal brain activity after 20±10 s. The same traces on the EEGs were observed after electrical stunning in combination with chilling. Here, minimal brain activity occurred after 22±11 s. Within a confidence level of 95%, the percentage of African catfish that was effectively stunned after administration of an electrical current of 1.5 A dm⁻², 300 V (50 Hz a.c.), followed by decapitation or chilling was above 91%. The analysis yield and evolution of liquid loss showed significant (P<0.05) differences among the batches, which could be explained by the stunning method used. The course values of the pH in the different batches were significantly (P<0.05) dependent on the stunning method, sex and location (visceral or skin side). It is concluded that African catfish can be stunned effectively using electrical stunning in a water tank, followed by decapitation or chilling in ice. Dutch commercial processors prefer to combine electrical stunning with chilling in flake ice in a rotating tumbler, as the outer slime layer is then removed, which facilitates further processing.  相似文献