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51.
Kartik Baruah Narottam P Sahu Asim K Pal Kamal K Jain Dipesh Debnath & Subhas C Mukherjee 《Aquaculture Research》2007,38(2):109-120
A 2 × 2 × 2 factorial experiment was designed to study the main effect of dietary microbial phytase, citric acid, crude protein (CP) level and their interactions on growth performance, nutrient digestibility and body composition of Labeo rohita juveniles. Two basal diets were formulated using plant‐based ingredients containing either sub‐optimum (25%) or normal (35%) CP levels. Both the diets were supplemented with microbial phytase (U kg−1) and citric acid (%) at the level of 0, 0; 500, 0; 0, 3; and 500, 3 respectively. One hundred and twenty L. rohita juveniles (average weight 12.61–13.72 g) were randomly distributed in eight treatments, each with three replicates. Dietary microbial phytase alone had no significant effect on whole‐body ash content but addition of citric acid (3%) in the diet activated the phytase as evidenced by their significant interaction. A significant interaction between citric acid and microbial phytase was also found on weight gain%, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio. Increasing the dietary CP level from 25% to 35% significantly (P<0.01) decreased phosphorus and dry matter digestibility. Thus, these results showed that the growth‐promoting effect was higher in groups fed a sub‐optimum protein (25%) diet containing both 3% citric acid and 500 U kg−1 of microbial phytase than those fed 35% CP diets. This suggests that microbial phytase and citric acid in sub‐optimum CP diet had a synergistic effect on nutrient digestibility and growth performance of L. rohita juveniles. 相似文献
52.
Kartik Baruah Asim K Pal Narottam P Sahu Kamal K Jain Subhas C Mukherjee & Dipesh Debnath 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(8):803-812
A feeding trial was conducted for 60 days to study the effect of dietary protein, microbial phytase and citric acid on intestinal digesta pH, bone ash and bone mineral contents in Labeo rohita juveniles. Eight experimental diets were prepared in 2 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with crude protein levels (25% and 35%), microbial phytase (0 and 500 U kg?1), and citric acid (0 and 3%). The 25% crude protein level feed was supplemented with phytase (U kg?1) and citric acid (%) at the level of 0,0 (C25); 500,0 (T1); 0,3 (T2); 500,3 (T3), and 35% crude protein level feed at 0.0 (C35); 500,0 (T4); 0,3 (T5) and 500,3(T6) respectively. One hundred and twenty juveniles of L. rohita (av. wt. 12.61–13.72 g) were distributed randomly in eight treatments, each of with three replicates. Addition of citric acid in the 25% crude protein feed significantly decreased (P<0.001) feed pH with concurrent decrease in intestinal digesta pH (P<0.001) and increased the bone ash content (P<0.05) by 4.6%. An interaction between citric acid and phytase (P<0.05) was also observed for bone ash content. Increasing the dietary protein content from 25% to 35% significantly decreased (P<0.01) bone Zn content by 14.9%, which was more prominent with the addition of citric acid, resulting in significant interaction between protein and citric acid (P<0.05), but the bone Cu content was significantly increased (P<0.01) with increasing dietary protein content. Dietary supplementation of microbial phytase (500 U kg?1) significantly increased (P<0.05) bone Na, Ca, K, P and Fe contents by 15%, 12.1%, 17.4%, 9.2% and 40.7%, respectively, whereas bone P and Mn content was significantly increased (P<0.05) by addition of citric acid (3%). Addition of phytase to plant‐based diets increased the bioavailability of minerals, thereby increasing bone mineralization. The effect of phytase was increased because of addition of citric acid (3%). 相似文献
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54.
Vineeta Joshi M. S. Akhtar Prakash Sharma Sarika Singh Kushwaha Deepjyoti Baruah A. Ciji 《Journal Of Aquatic Food Product Technology》2017,26(7):843-855
Five species of snow trout (Schizothorax spp.) were investigated for their inherent nutritional value. Proximate composition, total fat, total cholesterol, triglyceride, fatty acids (FAs) profile, and mineral profiles were analyzed. Protein percentage in all five fish was found to be the same (P > 0.05), ranging from 15% to 18%. Moisture (75–82%) and lipid (1.5–8%) values were found to differ prominently (P < 0.05) in an inverse manner. Total fat (%), total cholesterol (mg/100 g), and triglyceride (mg/100 g) contents were found in the range of 2.73–6.54, 21.31–25.76, and 298.89–342.22, respectively. The trend of FAs in decreasing order was saturated > mono-unsaturated > polyunsaturated (n–6 > n–3). The sum of n–6 FAs value was higher than that of n–3, and the major n–6 and n–3 long chain polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) were arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, respectively. In most of these fish, the profile of macrominerals was phosphorus > potassium > calcium > sodium > magnesium, while the trend for microminerals was iron > zinc > copper > manganese. The snow trout species with best contribution potential to the daily requirement of n–3 long chain PUFAs was found in S. esocinus and S. niger, calcium and phosphorus in S. plagiostomus, and iron and copper in S. progastus. 相似文献
55.
Kamal Sarma A. K. Pal N. P. Sahu S. C. Mukherjee Kartik Baruah 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2010,36(3):597-603
The present experiment was conducted to establish the relationship between selected physiological parameters and histological
responses of Channa punctatus brain tissue to endosulfan exposure. The fish (35.6 ± 0.7 g) was exposed to sublethal endosulfan concentration (8.1 μg l−1) for a period of 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, and 96 h. Results showed that brain glucose level increased significantly after exposure,
indicating a hyperglycemic state of the fish. Brain vitamin C level decreased with an increase in the exposure time. Acetylcholine
esterase and adenosine triphosphatase enzyme activities also showed a significant reduction upon endosulfan exposure. Brain
histopathology after 96 h endosulfan exposure showed that the apical lobe of the cerebrum (the only portion examined) had
mild necrosis. Focal area of gliosis could be seen in the cerebrum, which were absent in the control fish. The results indicate
that exposure of sublethal concentration of endosulfan to C. punctatus may have a direct effect on the histology of the fish's brain tissue, thereby affecting its metabolism. 相似文献
56.
N. Chatterjee A. K. Pal T. Das R. Dalvi M. S. Mohammad K. Sarma S. C. Mukherjee K. Baruah 《Aquaculture International》2010,18(5):859-868
The effect of higher packing density and increased duration of transport on the survival and key metabolic enzymes of Labeo rohita fry was investigated. L. rohita fry (length 40 ± 5 mm, weight 0.60 ± 0.13 g) were packed in two different densities 40 and 80 g/l and sampled at 0, 12, 24,
and 36 h after packing. Results showed that packing density and length of confinement severely affected the survival of the
fry. The whole-body glucose level and the activities of the enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH),
glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase), fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (FBPase), aspartate amino transferase (AST), alanine amino transferase
(ALT), and adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) assayed from the fish whole-body significantly (P < 0.05) increased due to increase in the length of the confinement. However, acetylcholine esterase (AchE) activity decreased
significantly (P < 0.05) with increase in the length of confinement. Similarly, higher packing density also significantly (P < 0.05) increased the glucose level and activities of all these enzymes (except AchE). The results revealed that both higher
packing density and increased transportation duration mobilize protein resources for glucose production via gluconeogenesis
and subsequently activate the glycolysis pathway for energy. The rise in the ATPase activity indicates disruption of the osmoregulatory
function and the role of this enzyme in ameliorating it. Overall results suggest that normally practiced packing density of
40 g/l is optimum up to 24-h duration for seed transportation. 相似文献