Long-term transmission of defective RNA viruses in humans and Aedes mosquitoes     

Aaskov J  Buzacott K  Thu HM  Lowry K  Holmes EC 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2006,311(5758):236-238

In 2001, dengue virus type 1 (DENV-1) populations in humans and mosquitoes from Myanmar acquired a stop-codon mutation in the surface envelope (E) protein gene. Within a year, this stop-codon strain had spread to all individuals sampled. The presence of truncated E protein species within individual viral populations, along with a general relaxation in selective constraint, indicated that the stop-codon strain represents a defective lineage of DENV-1. We propose that such long-term transmission of defective RNA viruses in nature was achieved through complementation by coinfection of host cells with functional viruses.  相似文献   

Summarizing a disaster, by the numbers     

Burns K 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2006,228(1):15-16

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Clinical and imaging findings,treatments, and outcomes in 27 dogs with imaging diagnosed trigeminal nerve sheath tumors: A multi‐center study          下载免费PDF全文

Katie E. Swift  Stephanie McGrath  Michael W. Nolan  Martin Young  Michael Reese  Sangeeta Rao  Elissa Randall  Del Leary  Susan LaRue 《Veterinary radiology & ultrasound》2017,58(6):679-689

The clinical behavior of canine trigeminal nerve sheath tumors and benefits of previously reported treatments are incompletely defined. Aims of this retrospective, multicenter, observational study were to describe clinical signs, tumor localization characteristics, treatments, and clinical outcomes in a group of dogs with this neoplasm. Databases at four hospitals were reviewed for dogs with a trigeminal nerve sheath tumor diagnosis, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, and presentation between 2004 and 2014. A single observer recorded medical record findings and two observers recorded MRI characteristics by consensus. A total of 27 dogs met inclusion criteria (15 treated with stereotactic radiation therapy and 12 unirradiated). Two unirradiated dogs were excluded from outcome analyses. The most common presenting signs were masticatory muscle atrophy (26 dogs), neurologic signs referable to intracranial disease (13), and ocular disease (12). Based on MRI findings, all dogs had disease extending centrally at the level of the brainstem. The most commonly affected trigeminal nerve branches were the mandibular (26 dogs), maxillary (22), and ophthalmic (10). Of 15 dogs treated with stereotactic radiation therapy, one had improved muscle atrophy, and six had poor ocular health after treatment. Neurologic signs improved in 4/5 dogs with intracranial signs. Overall median survival time for the 10 unirradiated dogs with available follow‐up was 12 days and 441 days for the 15 stereotactic radiation therapy dogs. Mean survival times between these groups were not significantly different (mean 95% CI for unirradiated dogs was 44–424 days and mean 95% CI for stereotactic radiation therapy dogs was 260–518 days).  相似文献   

Household Dynamics of Wildlife Value Orientations     

Kalysha E. Clark  Katie Cupp  Crystal L. Phelps  M. Nils Peterson  Kathryn T. Stevenson  Christopher Serenari 《Human Dimensions of Wildlife》2017,22(5):483-491

Wildlife value orientations (WVOs) shape attitudes and behavior toward wildlife. Although demographic correlates of WVOs are well established, these relationships are largely unknown among children and within family units. The only previous study addressing these topics used fathers’ perceptions as proxies for family member WVOs. We surveyed North Carolina households (n = 136) to test hypotheses regarding whether individuals can assess household WVOs and what variables shape WVOs within households. Fathers and mothers accurately assessed WVOs of their children. Membership in a household was the most important predictor of an individual’s WVOs (accounting for 37% [ρ = .37] of the variance predicted by the model). Younger age, being female, and lack of participation in hunting were associated with more protectionist WVOs. These results provide the first household level support for divergence between generations from utilitarian toward protectionist WVOs. Our results suggest that household unit may be a critical element to consider in WVO research.  相似文献   

Assessment of radial torsion using computed tomography in dogs with and without antebrachial limb deformity          下载免费PDF全文

Kevin Kroner  Katie Cooley  Seamus Hoey  Scott J. Hetzel  Jason A. Bleedorn 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2017,46(1):24-31

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Amino Acid Sequence of Wheat Flour Arabinogalactan‐Peptide,Identical to Part of Grain Softness Protein GSP‐1, Leads to Improved Structural Model     

Katie Van den Bulck  Anne‐Marie A. Loosveld  Christophe M. Courtin  Paul Proost  Jozef Van Damme  Johan Robben  Andrew Mort  Jan A. Delcour 《Cereal Chemistry》2002,79(3):329-331

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