Mutations in dynein link motor neuron degeneration to defects in retrograde transport     

Hafezparast M  Klocke R  Ruhrberg C  Marquardt A  Ahmad-Annuar A  Bowen S  Lalli G  Witherden AS  Hummerich H  Nicholson S  Morgan PJ  Oozageer R  Priestley JV  Averill S  King VR  Ball S  Peters J  Toda T  Yamamoto A  Hiraoka Y  Augustin M  Korthaus D  Wattler S  Wabnitz P  Dickneite C  Lampel S  Boehme F  Peraus G  Popp A  Rudelius M  Schlegel J  Fuchs H  Hrabe de Angelis M  Schiavo G  Shima DT  Russ AP  Stumm G  Martin JE  Fisher EM 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,300(5620):808-812

Degenerative disorders of motor neurons include a range of progressive fatal diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal-bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA), and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA). Although the causative genetic alterations are known for some cases, the molecular basis of many SMA and SBMA-like syndromes and most ALS cases is unknown. Here we show that missense point mutations in the cytoplasmic dynein heavy chain result in progressive motor neuron degeneration in heterozygous mice, and in homozygotes this is accompanied by the formation of Lewy-like inclusion bodies, thus resembling key features of human pathology. These mutations exclusively perturb neuron-specific functions of dynein.  相似文献   

Full three-dimensional photonic bandgap crystals at near-infrared wavelengths     

Noda S  Tomoda K  Yamamoto N  Chutinan A 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2000,289(5479):604-606

An artificial crystal structure has been fabricated exhibiting a full three-dimensional photonic bandgap effect at optical communication wavelengths. The photonic crystal was constructed by stacking 0.7-micrometer period semiconductor stripes with the accuracy of 30 nanometers by advanced wafer-fusion technique. A bandgap effect of more than 40 decibels (which corresponds to 99.99% reflection) was successfully achieved. The result encourages us to create an ultra-small optical integrated circuit including a three-dimensional photonic crystal waveguide with a sharp bend.  相似文献   

In vitro transcription enhancement by purified derivatives of the glucocorticoid receptor   总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15  

L P Freedman  S K Yoshinaga  J N Vanderbilt  K R Yamamoto 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1989,245(4915):298-301

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Transcription factor interactions: selectors of positive or negative regulation from a single DNA element   总被引：137，自引：0，他引：137  

M I Diamond  J N Miner  S K Yoshinaga  K R Yamamoto 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1990,249(4974):1266-1272

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Statement on scientific publication and security     

Atlas R  Campbell P  Cozzarelli NR  Curfman G  Enquist L  Fink G  Flanagin A  Fletcher J  George E  Hammes G  Heyman D  Inglesby T  Kaplan S  Kennedy D  Krug J  Levinson R  Marcus E  Metzger H  Morse SS  O'Brien A  Onderdonk A  Poste G  Renault B  Rich R  Rosengard A  Salzburg S  Scanlan M  Shenk T  Tabor H  Varmus H  Wimmer E  Yamamoto K;Journal Editors  Authors Group 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2003,299(5610):1149

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Cytokinin oxidase regulates rice grain production   总被引：25，自引：0，他引：25  

Ashikari M  Sakakibara H  Lin S  Yamamoto T  Takashi T  Nishimura A  Angeles ER  Qian Q  Kitano H  Matsuoka M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2005,309(5735):741-745

Most agriculturally important traits are regulated by genes known as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) derived from natural allelic variations. We here show that a QTL that increases grain productivity in rice, Gn1a, is a gene for cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (OsCKX2), an enzyme that degrades the phytohormone cytokinin. Reduced expression of OsCKX2 causes cytokinin accumulation in inflorescence meristems and increases the number of reproductive organs, resulting in enhanced grain yield. QTL pyramiding to combine loci for grain number and plant height in the same genetic background generated lines exhibiting both beneficial traits. These results provide a strategy for tailormade crop improvement.  相似文献   

Signal transduction and transcriptional regulation by glucocorticoid receptor-LexA fusion proteins   总被引：35，自引：0，他引：35  

P J Godowski  D Picard  K R Yamamoto 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1988,241(4867):812-816

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The immunoglobulin octanucleotide: independent activity and selective interaction with enhancers   总被引：34，自引：0，他引：34  

T G Parslow  S D Jones  B Bond  K R Yamamoto 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》1987,235(4795):1498-1501

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Emission of coherent THz radiation from superconductors     

Ozyuzer L  Koshelev AE  Kurter C  Gopalsami N  Li Q  Tachiki M  Kadowaki K  Yamamoto T  Minami H  Yamaguchi H  Tachiki T  Gray KE  Kwok WK  Welp U 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,318(5854):1291-1293

Compact solid-state sources of terahertz (THz) radiation are being sought for sensing, imaging, and spectroscopy applications across the physical and biological sciences. We demonstrate that coherent continuous-wave THz radiation of sizable power can be extracted from intrinsic Josephson junctions in the layered high-temperature superconductor Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8. In analogy to a laser cavity, the excitation of an electromagnetic cavity resonance inside the sample generates a macroscopic coherent state in which a large number of junctions are synchronized to oscillate in phase. The emission power is found to increase as the square of the number of junctions reaching values of 0.5 microwatt at frequencies up to 0.85 THz, and persists up to approximately 50 kelvin. These results should stimulate the development of superconducting compact sources of THz radiation.  相似文献   

Condensation of semiconductor microcavity exciton polaritons     

Deng H  Weihs G  Santori C  Bloch J  Yamamoto Y 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2002,298(5591):199-202

A phase transition from a classical thermal mixed state to a quantum-mechanical pure state of exciton polaritons is observed in a GaAs multiple quantum-well microcavity from the decrease of the second-order coherence function. Supporting evidence is obtained from the observation of a nonlinear threshold behavior in the pump-intensity dependence of the emission, a polariton-like dispersion relation above threshold, and a decrease of the relaxation time into the lower polariton state. The condensation of microcavity exciton polaritons is confirmed.  相似文献