Serological survey of leptospirosis in sows with premature birth and stillbirth in Chiba and Gunma prefectures of Japan     

Kazami A  Watanabe H  Hayashi T  Kobayashi K  Ogawa Y  Yamamoto K  Adachi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2002,64(8):735-737

In 1996 and 1997, the seroprevalence against Leptospira in parturient sows with premature birth or stillbirth from two herds was investigated. In three out of four sow serum samples obtained in Gunma Prefecture, the antibody titers to Leptospira interrogans serovar copenhageni (M20) were higher than 10,000 (the reciprocal of the serum dilution). Furthermore, the antibody titers to L. interrogans serovar canicola (Hond Utrecht IV) were significantly high in the three sows and the titers ranged from 1,000 to 3,000. In sows obtained in Chiba Prefecture, significantly high antibody titers to serovar copenhageni (M20) were confirmed in eight out of 40 sows, and antibody titers greater than 10,000 in six of them. Significantly high antibody titers to L. interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae (RGA) and L. canicola (Hond Utrecht IV) were confirmed in four and 18 out of the 40 sows, respectively, compared with the titers to the other serovars. These findings may indicate the prevalence of leptospirosis in pig herds in both Gunma and Chiba Prefectures.  相似文献   

Effects of protein phosphatase inhibitor calyculin a on the postacrosomal protein serine/threonine phosphorylation state and acrosome reaction in boar spermatozoa incubated with a cAMP analog     

Adachi J  Tate S  Miyake M  Harayama H 《The Journal of reproduction and development》2008,54(3):171-176

In order to reveal the involvement of the sperm postacrosomal region in the acrosome reaction, we examined the effects of the protein phosphatase inhibitor calyculin A on the postacrosomal protein serine/threonine phosphorylation state and acrosome morphology in boar spermatozoa incubated with a cAMP analog. Proteins were highly phosphorylated on the serine/threonine residues only in the postacrosomal region before incubation. After 90-min incubation without calyculin A, the protein phosphorylation state declined in the postacrosomal region irrespective of the capacitation state while it remained under the detectable level in the other regions of the sperm head. However, addition of calyculin A effectively suppressed the decline in protein phosphorylation state and increased an inactive form of protein phosphatase 1 in the postacrosomal region. On the other hand, this inhibitor had no influence on the protein phosphorylation state in the acrosome and equatorial segment. After incubation without calyculin A for 180 or 360 min, many spermatozoa exhibited acrosomal changes and loss that indicated occurrence of the acrosome reaction. However, addition of calyculin A significantly blocked these events. These results are consistent with our suggestion that postacrosomal serine/threonine-phosphorylated proteins are involved in suppression of the acrosome reaction in boar spermatozoa in vitro.  相似文献   

Regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) contributes to abortion caused by Brucella abortus infection in pregnant mice     

Watanabe K  Iwai N  Tachibana M  Furuoka H  Suzuki H  Watarai M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(7):681-686

Brucella abortus (B. abortus) is a facultative intracellular pathogen that can survive inside macrophages and trophoblast giant cells, and the causative agent of brucellosis. In the present study, we found that production of regulated upon activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES) due to B. abortus infection contributes to abortion in pregnant mice. B. abortus infected pregnant interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) knockout mice died within 15 days of infection, but non-pregnant IFN-gamma knockout mice were still alive. With infection by wild type B. abortus, a large amount of RANTES production was observed in pregnant IFN-gamma knockout mice, and induction of RANTES was also observed in normal pregnant mice infected with the wild type, but not in those infected with the intracellular replication-defective mutant. Production of RANTES and IFN-gamma were inhibited in mice inoculated with the respective RANTES or IFN-gamma antibody. Neutralization of RANTES, induced by B. abortus infection, served to prevent abortion. These results indicate that the production and function of RANTES are correlated with IFN-gamma in pregnant mice infected with B. abortus.  相似文献   

Comparison of the hemagglutination of formalinized American channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) erythrocytes between formalinized and live Aeromonas hydrophila isolated from the catfish rearing in Kasumigaura lake in Japan     

Azimuddin K  Hayakawa K  Kanazawa T  Adachi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2008,70(1):111-114

Formalinized Aeromonas (A.) hydrophila agglutinated loosely with the formalinized American channel catfish erythrocytes (FACCE), while live A. hydrophila agglutinated tightly with the FACCE. There was a significant difference on the number of attaching bacterial cells to the FACCE (p<0.01) (n=40 erythrocytes) between formalinized and live A. hydrophila. The other bacteria such as Salmonella (S.) Typhimurium ST-5, Escherichia (E.) coli V-517 and Staphylococcus (S.) hyicus ATCC1249 used in this experiment did not attach the FACCE.  相似文献   

Detection of aflatoxin B1 in imported maize kernel used as feed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.     

K Hirano  Y Adachi  M Hara  S Ishibashi  M Sueyoshi  I Ueno  K Egawa  N H Kumazawa 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》1991,53(4):767-768

  相似文献   

Brachyspira pilosicoli isolated from two beagles and one mongrel in Japan     

Manabe M  Suenaga I  Ogawa Y  Adachi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(5):589-592

The feces, colonic contents, and colonic mucosa from two beagles and a mongrel with and without mucohemorrhagic diarrhea were anaerobically cultured and after 72 hr, lucent and rough colonies with weak beta-hemolysis were observed. Small spirochetes with one or two loose waves in the colonies were observed under a phase contrast microscope and the spirochete cells sometimes aggregated. The 16SrDNA sequencing results demonstrated that the canine isolates were B. pilosicoli and the base alignments registered in DDBJ. This is the first report concerning the isolation of B. pilosicoli from dogs in Japan.  相似文献   

Zinc uptake system (znuA locus) of Brucella abortus is essential for intracellular survival and virulence in mice     

Kim S  Watanabe K  Shirahata T  Watarai M 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(9):1059-1063

Brucella spp. are facultative intracellular pathogens that have the ability to survive and multiply in professional and nonprofessional phagocytes, and cause abortion in domestic animals and undulant fever in humans. The mechanism and factors of virulence are not fully understood. High-affinity zinc uptake system protein mutant (znuA mutant) showed reduced growth in zinc chelated medium, and failed to replicate in HeLa cells and mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. Transformation of znuA mutant with a shuttle vector pBBR1MCS-4 containing znuA gene restored the growth in zinc chelated medium and intracellular replication in HeLa cells and macrophages to a level comparable to that of wild-type strain. Bacterial internalization into HeLa cells and macrophages and co-localization with either late endosomes or lysosomes of znuA mutant were not different from those of wild-type strain. These results suggest that znuA does not contribute to intracellular trafficking of B. abortus, but contributes to utilization of zinc required for intracellular growth.  相似文献   

Intestinal microflora in 45 crows in Ueno Zoo and the in vitro susceptibilities of 29 Escherichia coli isolates to 14 antimicrobial agents     

Aruji Y  Tamura K  Sugita S  Adachi Y 《The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science》2004,66(10):1283-1286

Microorganisms from 45 jungle crows (Corvus macrorhynchos) captured from July to December 2002 at Ueno Zoo, Tokyo were identified as Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Klebsiella oxytoca, Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae, Enterobacter agglomerans, Pseudomonas maltophila, Staphylococcus spp., Micrococcus spp., and Streptococcus spp. E. coli showed the highest rate of isolation (21.6%). In an in vitro susceptibility test for 29 isolates of E. coli to 14 antimicrobial agents, all the isolates were resistant to penicillin G, vancomycin, erythromycin, lincomycin, bicozamycin, sulfadimethoxine, and olaquindox. Several isolates of them were also resistant to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, chloramphenicol, and ampicillin. Twenty-nine isolates were divided into 19 serogroups and the most frequently identified serogroups were O8, O114 and O144, which showed the same multidrug-resistant patterns.  相似文献   

Infection Behavior of Venturia nashicola, the Cause of Scab on Asian Pears   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Park P  Ishii H  Adachi Y  Kanematsu S  Ieki H  Umemoto S 《Phytopathology》2000,90(11):1209-1216

ABSTRACT The infection of Japanese pear by Venturia nashicola, the cause of scab on Asian pears (Japanese pear, Pyrus pylifolia var. culta; Chinese pear, P. ussuriensis), was examined using light and electron microscopy to determine the mechanism of resistance in pears. Early stages of infection were similar on the susceptible cv. Kosui, the resistant cv. Kinchaku, and the nonhost European pear (P. communis) cv. Flemish Beauty. V. nashicola penetrated only the cuticle layer on pear leaves and formed subcuticular hyphae on all three cultivars. Hyphae were localized in the pectin layer of pear leaves and never penetrated into the cytoplasm of epidermal cells. This restriction of fungal growth suggested that pectinases released by infection hyphae or subcuticular hyphae may be important in infection. Subcuticular hyphae were modified ultrastructurally in the pectin layer of resistant pear cultivars accompanied by fungal cell death. In contrast, fungal cells appeared intact in susceptible pear cultivars, suggesting the existence of resistance mechanisms.  相似文献   

Multiple high-throughput analyses monitor the response of E. coli to perturbations     

Ishii N  Nakahigashi K  Baba T  Robert M  Soga T  Kanai A  Hirasawa T  Naba M  Hirai K  Hoque A  Ho PY  Kakazu Y  Sugawara K  Igarashi S  Harada S  Masuda T  Sugiyama N  Togashi T  Hasegawa M  Takai Y  Yugi K  Arakawa K  Iwata N  Toya Y  Nakayama Y  Nishioka T  Shimizu K  Mori H  Tomita M 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,316(5824):593-597

Analysis of cellular components at multiple levels of biological information can provide valuable functional insights. We performed multiple high-throughput measurements to study the response of Escherichia coli cells to genetic and environmental perturbations. Analysis of metabolic enzyme gene disruptants revealed unexpectedly small changes in messenger RNA and proteins for most disruptants. Overall, metabolite levels were also stable, reflecting the rerouting of fluxes in the metabolic network. In contrast, E. coli actively regulated enzyme levels to maintain a stable metabolic state in response to changes in growth rate. E. coli thus seems to use complementary strategies that result in a metabolic network robust against perturbations.  相似文献