Residual effect of urea and herbicides on hexosamine content and urease and proteinase activities in a grassland soil     

K.N. Namdeo  J.N. Dube 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1973,5(6):855-859

Urea (100 and 200 kg N/ha) and the herbicides dalapon (10 kg a.i./ha) and paraquat (3.75 kg a.i./ha) were applied to a natural grassland sward growing on an oxisol (pH 5.9) to bring about herbage renovation. During the following 18 months, there appeared to be a natural increase in the hexosamine content of the untreated soil and an increase of 71–93 per cent in the treated soil. Soil enzymes were influenced both by urea and the herbicides. Urease activity was increased by 67–79 per cent by urea and the herbicides applied separately or in combination. In contrast, both urea and dalapon decreased proteinase activity by 13–18 per cent. Urea and the herbicides together accentuated the decrease in proteinase activity by 41–56 per cent.  相似文献   

Proteomics analysis of rat brain protein modulations by grape seed extract   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

Deshane J  Chaves L  Sarikonda KV  Isbell S  Wilson L  Kirk M  Grubbs C  Barnes S  Meleth S  Kim H 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(26):7872-7883

Dietary supplements such as grape seed extract (GSE) enriched in proanthocyanidins (PA) (oligomeric polyphenols) have been suggested to have multiple health benefits, due to antioxidant and other beneficial activities of the PA. However, a systematic analysis of the molecular basis of these benefits has not been demonstrated. Because the brain is vulnerable to age-related oxidative damage and other insults including inflammation, it was hypothesized that rats ingesting GSE would experience changes in expression or modifications of specific brain proteins that might protect against pathologic events. Normal adult female rats were fed diets supplemented with 5% GSE for 6 weeks. Proteomics analysis (2D electrophoresis and mass spectrometry) of brain homogenates from these animals identified 13 proteins that were altered in amount and/or charge. Because many of these changes were quantitatively in the opposite direction from previous findings for the same proteins in either Alzheimer disease or mouse models of neurodegeneration, the data suggest that these identified proteins may mediate the neuroprotective actions of GSE. This is the first identification and quantitation of specific proteins in mammalian tissues modulated by a dietary supplement, as well as the first to demonstrate links of such proteins with any disease.  相似文献   

Effect of technological processing on the allergenicity of mangoes (Mangifera indica L.)   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Dube M  Zunker K  Neidhart S  Carle R  Steinhart H  Paschke A 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2004,52(12):3938-3945

In parallel with the rising popularity of exotic fruits in Europe, allergy against mango is of increasing importance. Because mangoes are also consumed as processed products such as chutneys or beverages, the influences of different process conditions on their allergenicity were investigated. Mango purees and nectars were manufactured at small pilot-plant scale, and the allergenic potencies of the resulting intermediate and final products were determined by means of sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), immunoblotting and inhibitive enzyme allergosorbent tests (EAST-inhibition), using a pool serum of 9 individuals with manifest mango allergy. The mango allergens were shown to be very stable during technological processing. Irrespective of enzymatic matrix decomposition, mechanical tissue disintegration and heating during peeling, mash treatment, and pasteurization, significant loss of allergenicity could not be observed in the extracts of mango purees and nectars derived thereof. These results were confirmed by analogous investigation of commercial mango drinks and nectars. Hence, conventional mango processing into pulp-containing products typical for this species obviously does not allow complete elimination of the allergenic potency.  相似文献   

Geographical distribution and prevalence of tick‐borne encephalitis virus in questing Ixodes ricinus ticks and phylogeographic structure of the Ixodes ricinus vector in Norway     

Rose Vikse  Katrine M. Paulsen  Kristin Skarsfjord Edgar  John H.‐O. Pettersson  Preben Skrede Ottesen  Yohannes Bein Okbaldet  Nosheen Kiran  Alaka Lamsal  Heidi Elisabeth H. Lindstedt  Benedikte Nevjen Pedersen  Arnulf Soleng  shild K. Andreassen 《Zoonoses and public health》2020,67(4):370-381

The tick‐borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), a zoonotic flaviviral infection, is endemic in large parts of Norway and Eurasia. Humans are mainly infected with TBEV via bites from infected ticks. In Norway, the main geographical distribution of ticks is along the Norwegian coastline from southeast (~59°N) and up to the southern parts of Nordland County (~65°N). In this study, we collected ticks by flagging along the coast from Østfold County to Nordland County. By whole‐genome sequencing of the mitochondrial genome of Ixodes ricinus, the phylogenetic tree suggests that there is limited phylogeographic structure both in Norway and in Europe. The overall TBEV prevalence is 0.3% for nymphs and 4.3% for adults. The highest estimated TBEV prevalence in adult ticks was detected in Rogaland and Vestfold County, while for nymphs it is highest in Vestfold, Vest‐Agder and Rogaland. The present work is one of the largest studies on distribution and prevalence of TBEV in ticks in Scandinavia, showing that the virus is wider distributed in Norway than previously anticipated.  相似文献   

Characterization and relative mineral quantification of male gametophytes of garlic chives (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel)     

Manjunathagowda  Dalasanuru Chandregowda  Benke  Ashwini Prashant  Bhagat  Kiran P.  Mahajan  Vijay  Jayaswall  Kuldip  Singh  Major 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2022,69(1):461-468

Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution - Garlic chives (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel) are an underutilized and neglected food crop of the Allium genus. For the future genetic development of...  相似文献   

Supporting undergraduate research     

Ali F  Jadavji NM  Ong WC  Pandey KR  Patananan AN  Prabhala HK  Yang CH 《Science (New York, N.Y.)》2007,317(5834):42

  相似文献   

Impact of Pollutant Elements on Vegetables Growing in Sewage-Sludge-Treated Soils     

Chitralekha Chatterjee  B. K. Dube 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(10):1811-1820

Samples from potato (Solanum tubersosum), cauliflower (Bropica Oleracu var. Botryhs), and cabbage (Brassica Olerace var. Capitela) and soil samples were collected from fields receiving sewage sludge loads for a long periods and were analyzed for their total concentration of chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), nickel (Ni), and cobalt (Co) in different plant parts and in soil samples. Estimation of these pollutant elements was also made in the extract of the rooting zone (soil) of these plants. The accumulation of pollutant elements was higher in roots than in leaves and shoots, whereas the soil nearer to the discharge point had the maximum DTPA-CaCl₂ extractable pollutant elements and their concentrations diminished with distance. In soil samples, accumulation of the pollutant elements occurred in the order Pb > Cr > Ni > Cd > Co. In vegetables, the rate of accumulation was in the order potato > cauliflower > cabbage. The growth of the vegetable plants on contaminated soil was depressed, young leaves showed marked chlorosis, and brown necrotic spots later developed on almost the entire foliage of plants. With increase in age, the affected leaves had a wilted look. The vegetables growing near the discharge point contained the maximum amounts of heavy metals, which were above toxic limits. Of these elements, the accumulation of Cr by potato was highest.  相似文献   

Involvement of Excess Cadmium on Oxidative Stress and Other Physiological Parameters of Eggplant     

B. K. Dube  Pratima Sinha  Kanchan Shukla  C. Chatterjee  Vinay Kumar Pandey  Anoop Dutt Rai 《Journal of plant nutrition》2013,36(6):996-1004

To examine tolerance of cadmium (Cd) by eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) cv. ‘Hybrid PK 123’, plants were grown in refined sand in complete nutrient solution for 52 days in a glasshouse at ambient temperature. Cadmium sulfate was superimposed on day 53, at variable levels: nil, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.5 mM. Influence of excess Cd was discernible after 5 days of metal supply at 0.4 and 0.5 mM Cd as depression in growth. At these levels, foliar symptoms were initiated as paling of young leaves at the base progressing upward. With increase in age, affected leaves turned golden yellow and these effects spread to lower leaves. Leaf size and floral initiation were very much restricted. These types of phenotypes induced leaf senescence. Excess Cd reduced the biomass and fruit yield of plants. At higher levels (>0.1 mM) of Cd, fruit formation was completely inhibited and fruits formed at 0.05 and 0.1 mM Cd were smaller in size. Besides this, excess Cd disturbed the metabolism of eggplant by reducing the concentration of chlorophyll (a and b), protein, Hill reaction activity, and activity of antioxidant enzymes—catalase and ascorbate peroxidase; whereas the activity of peroxidase and ribonuclease increased in leaves of eggplant. Cadmium excess reduced the concentration of Fe and Zn and Cd increased that of proline, lipid peroxidation, phenols, reducing sugars and Cd concentration in leaves of eggplant.  相似文献   

Integrated multi-enterprise agricultural system for sustaining livelihood,energy use and resource recycling: a case study from semi-arid tropics of central India     

Palsaniya  D. R.  Kumar  Sunil  Das  M. M.  Kumar  T. Kiran  Kumar  Sunil  Chaudhary  Manoj  Chand  Khem  Rai  S. K.  Ahmed  Akram  Sahay  C. S.  Choudhary  Mukesh 《Agroforestry Systems》2021,95(8):1619-1634

Agroforestry Systems - Integrated farming system (IFS) has been the way of life of agrarian people in semi-arid tropics (SAT) of India and other developing countries. However, there has been losing...  相似文献   

Carcass characteristics,composition, physico-chemical,microbial and sensory quality of emu meat     

B.M. Naveena  A.R. Sen  M. Muthukumar  P.S. Girish  Y. Praveen Kumar  M. Kiran 《British poultry science》2013,54(3):329-336

1. In order to investigate whether emu meat is a potential red meat alternative, this work was carried out with the objective of studying the carcass characteristics, proximate composition, physico-chemical and microbial characteristics and sensory attributes of emu meat.

2. Carcass characteristics clearly indicate that emus are a significant source of lean meat, fat, skin and edible by-products and these findings confirm earlier reports.

3. Proximate composition of emu meat indicated higher protein and ash content and lower fat, total lipids and cholesterol content than meat from other meat animals.

4. The pH, water holding capacity, collagen content and solubility, protein extractability, muscle fibre diameter and Warner–Bratzler shear force values of emu meat are similar to the earlier reports for meats from other food animals.

5. Emu meat is dark, cherry red in colour with significantly higher myoglobin content and the myoglobin is more prone to oxidation as evidenced by higher initial metmyoglobin percentage. The initial thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) values and free fatty acids percentage in emu meat were higher than those in meats from other species.

6. Sensory evaluation of cooked emu meat curry revealed highly acceptable scores relative to goat meat curry, the most preferred meat in India.

7. The study shows the potential of emu meat as a new source of low fat, quality meat proteins. However, more studies are required to elucidate the effect of age, sex, muscles, pre-slaughter and post-slaughter factors on different carcass and meat quality characteristics.  相似文献