Effect of 46 years' application of fertilizers,FYM and lime on physical,chemical and biological properties of soil under maize–wheat system in an acid Alfisol of northwest Himalayas     

Anjali Thakur  Raj Paul Sharma  Narender Kumar Sankhyan  Swapana Sepehya 《Soil Use and Management》2023,39(1):357-367

Imbalanced fertilizer use with intensive cropping has threatened the sustainability of agroecosystems, especially on acid soils. An understanding of the long-term effects of fertilizers and amendments on soil health is essential for sustaining high crop yields. The effects of application of fertilizers, and amendments for 46 years on soil properties and maize yield in an acid Alfisol were investigated in this study. Ten fertilizer treatments comprising different amounts of NPK fertilizers, farmyard manure (FYM) and lime, and one control, were replicated three times in a randomized block design. At 0–15 cm soil depth, bulk density was least (1.20 t/m³), porosity (49.8%) and water holding capacity (61.7%) were greatest in 100% NPK + FYM, corresponding to the largest organic carbon content (13.93 g/kg). Microbial biomass C and dehydrogenase activity in 100% NPK + FYM were 42% and 13.7% greater than 100% NPK, respectively. Available nutrients were significantly more with 100% NPK + FYM and 100% NPK + lime than control and other fertilizer treatments. At 15–30 cm depth, the effect of various treatments was comparable to the surface layer. Grain yield declined by 55% and 53% in 100% NPK(-S) and 100% NP, respectively, compared with 100% NPK, whereas 100% N as urea alone eventually led to crop failure. Soil porosity recorded the greatest positive correlation (r = .933**), whereas bulk density recorded a negative significant correlation (r = −.942**) with grain yield. The results suggest that integrated use of FYM/lime with chemical fertilizers is a sustainable practice in terms of crop yield and soil health, whereas continuous application of urea alone is detrimental to the soil health.  相似文献   

Bulk pollen extraction procedures and the potency of the extracted pollen     

K. C. Thakur  M. D. Upadhya  S. N. Bhargava  A. Bhargava 《Potato Research》1994,37(3):245-248

Summary Three methods of bulk extraction of potato pollen were compared for their efficiency and for the potency of extracted pollen in affecting berry set, seeds/berry and 100 seed weight. Extracting pollen from pre-dried anthers using a sieve of nylon netting with 1 mm perforations was the most economical with respect to time, labour and cost of equipment and that would be applicable for commercial production of hybrid TPS.  相似文献   

Changes in fatty acids composition during seed growth and physicochemical characteristics of oil extracted from four safflower cultivars     

Rahamatalla  A.B.  Babiker  E.E.  Krishna  A.G.  EL Tinay  A.H. 《Plant foods for human nutrition (Dordrecht, Netherlands)》2001,56(4):385-395

Fatty acid contents at different stages ofmaturity and physicochemical characteristics of oilextracted from mature seeds of four safflowercultivars (S208, S400, S541, and S303) were studied. Results indicated that for all cultivars bothsaturated and unsaturated fatty acid contentsfluctuated with seed growth and development. Palmiticacid content decreased up to day 20 after which itstarted to increase for the S400, S541, and S303cultivars, while for S208 it progressively decreased.Stearic acid fluctuated with seed growth anddevelopment. Oleic acid showed slight changes withseed growth and development, while linoleic aciddecreased with seed growth and development for theS400, S541, and S303 cultivars while for S208 afterday 30, it started to increase significantly. For allcultivars, glyceride contents varied among thecultivars with maximum values of 97.70, 2.80 and0.20 for tri-, di- and monoglycerides, respectively. Physicochemical investigation of mature seed oilsshowed that the color, density, refractive index, free fatty acids, peroxide value, saponificationvalue and unsaponifiable matter were similar for allcultivars while viscosity, iodine value, and acetoneinsoluble matter varied among the cultivars.  相似文献   

Long-term feeding ecology and habitat use in harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena from Scandinavian waters inferred from trace elements and stable isotopes     

Micha?l C Fontaine  Krystal A Tolley  Ursula Siebert  Sylvie Gobert  Gilles Lepoint  Jean-Marie Bouquegneau  Krishna Das 《BMC ecology》2007,7(1):1

Background  

We investigated the feeding ecology and habitat use of 32 harbour porpoises by-caught in 4 localities along the Scandinavian coast from the North Sea to the Barents Sea using time-integrative markers: stable isotopes (δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N) and trace elements (Zn, Cu, Fe, Se, total Hg and Cd), in relation to habitat characteristics (bathymetry) and geographic position (latitude).  相似文献   

Zn, Cu, Cd and Hg binding to metallothioneins in harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena from the southern North Sea     

Krishna Das  Arnaud De Groof  Thierry Jauniaux  Jean-Marie Bouquegneau 《BMC ecology》2006,6(1):2-7

Background  

Harbour porpoises Phocoena phocoena from the southern North Sea are known to display high levels of Zn and Hg in their tissues linked to their nutritional status (emaciation). The question arises regarding a potential role of metallothioneins (MTs) with regard to these high metal levels. In the present study, metallothionein detection and associated Zn, Cd, Cu and Hg concentrations were investigated in the liver and kidney of 14 harbour porpoises collected along the Belgian coast.  相似文献   

Characterization and distribution of phytoplasma strains associated with temperate stone fruits and their possible natural reservoirs in the north-western Himalayan states of India     

Shreenath  Yapalahalli Sathyanarayanappa  Singh  Ashok Kumar  Kumar  Pasumarthi Venkata Dinesh  Watpade  Santosh  Singh  Krishna Pratap  Rao  Govind Pratap 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2022,162(1):93-104

European Journal of Plant Pathology - To understand the key soil factors that affect the survival and reproduction of Phytophthora sojae in soil, the number of zoospores and oospores of P. sojae...  相似文献   

Diverse RNA viruses in a parasitic flowering plant (spruce dwarf mistletoe) revealed through RNA-seq data mining     

Sidharthan  Venkidusamy Kavi  Chaturvedi  Krishna Kumar  Baranwal  Virendra Kumar 《Journal of General Plant Pathology》2022,88(2):138-144

Journal of General Plant Pathology - Spruce dwarf mistletoe (Arceuthobium sichuanense) is an important vascular parasite of spruce. In this study of the virome of A. sichuanense parasitizing Picea...  相似文献   

Some plants like it warmer: Increased growth of three selected invasive plant species in soils with a history of experimental warming     

Madhav Prakash Thakur  Peter B. Reich  William C. Eddy  Artur Stefanski  Roy Rich  Sarah E. Hobbie  Nico Eisenhauer 《Pedobiologia》2014

Soil warming can affect plant performance by increasing soil nutrient availability through accelerating microbial activity. Here, we test the effect of experimental soil warming on the growth of the three invasive plant species Trifolium pratense (legume), Phleum pratense (grass), and Plantago lanceolata (herb) in the temperate-boreal forest ecotone of Minnesota (USA). Plants were grown from seed mixtures in microcosms of soils with three different warming histories over four years: ambient, ambient +1.7 °C, and ambient +3.4 °C. Shoot biomass of P. pratense and P. lanceolata and plant community root biomass increased significantly in soils with +3.4 °C warming history, whereas T. pratense responded positively but not significantly. Soil microbial biomass and N concentration could not explain warming effects, although the latter correlated significantly with the shoot biomass of P. lanceolata. Our results indicate that soil with a warming history may benefit some invasive plants in the temperate-boreal ecotone with potential impacts on plant community composition. Future studies should investigate the impact of warming-induced differences in soil organisms and nutrients on plant invasion.  相似文献   

Molecular Docking of Laccase Protein from Bacillus Safensis DSKK5 Isolated from Earthworm gut: A Novel Method to Study dye Decolorization Potential     

Singh  Deepti  Sharma  Krishna Kant  Jacob  Shenu  Gakhar  S. K. 《Water, air, and soil pollution》2014,225(11):1-12

Water, Air, &; Soil Pollution - The bacterial communities in the intestinal tracts of earthworm were isolated by culture-dependent approaches. In total, 72 cultures were isolated and purified...  相似文献   

Antibacterial Activity of 2-(2′,4′-Dibromophenoxy)-4,6-dibromophenol from Dysidea granulosa     

Divya M. P. Shridhar  Girish B. Mahajan  Vijayendra P. Kamat  Chandrakant G. Naik  Rajashri R. Parab  Nidhi R. Thakur  Prabhu D. Mishra 《Marine drugs》2009,7(3):464-471

2-(2′,4′-Dibromophenoxy)-4,6-dibromophenol isolated from the marine sponge Dysidea granulosa (Bergquist) collected off the coast of Lakshadweep islands, Indian Ocean, exhibited potent and broad spectrum in-vitro antibacterial activity, especially against methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), methicillin sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA), vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE), vancomycin sensitive Enterococci (VSE) and Bacillus spp. Minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was evaluated against 57 clinical and standard strains of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. The observed MIC range was 0.117–2.5 μg/mL against all the Gram positive bacteria and 0.5–2 μg/mL against Gram negative bacteria. The in-vitro antibacterial activity observed was better than that of the standard antibiotic linezolid, a marketed anti-MRSA drug. The results establish 2-(2′,4′-dibromophenoxy)-4,6-dibromophenol, as a potential lead molecule for anti-MRSA and anti-VRE drug development.  相似文献