Using hyperspectral remote sensing techniques to monitor nitrogen,phosphorus, sulphur and potassium in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)     

G. R. Mahajan  R. N. Sahoo  R. N. Pandey  V. K. Gupta  Dinesh Kumar 《Precision Agriculture》2014,15(5):499-522

In situ, non-destructive and real time mineral nutrient stress monitoring is an important aspect of precision farming for rational use of fertilizers. Studies have demonstrated the ability of remote sensing to monitor nitrogen (N) in many crops, phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) in very few crops and none so far to monitor sulphur (S). Specially designed (1) fertility gradient experiment and (2) test crop experiments were used to check the possibility of mineral N–P–S–K stress detection using airborne hyperspectral remote sensing. Leaf and canopy hyperspectral reflectance data and nutrient status at booting stage of the wheat crop were recorded. N–P–S–K sensitive wavelengths were identified using linear correlation analysis. Eight traditional vegetation indices (VIs) and three proposed (one for P and two for S) were evaluated for plant N–P–S–K predictability. A proposed VI (P_1080_1460) predicted P content with high and significant accuracy (correlation coefficient (r) 0.42 and root means square error (RMSE) 0.180 g m^?2). Performance of the proposed S VI (S_660_1080) for S concentration and content retrieval was similar whereas prediction accuracies were higher than traditional VIs. Prediction accuracy of linear regressive models improved when biomass-based nutrient contents were considered rather than concentrations. Reflectance in the SWIR region was found to monitor N–P–S–K status in plants in combination with reflectance at either visible (VIS) or near infrared (NIR) region. Newly developed and validated spectral algorithms specific to N, P, S and K can further be used for monitoring in a wheat crop in order to undertake site-specific management.  相似文献   

Oxidative stress indices in the erythrocytes from lactating cows after treatment for subclinical ketosis with antioxidant incorporated in the therapeutic regime     

Sahoo SS  Patra RC  Behera PC  Swarup D 《Veterinary research communications》2009,33(3):281-290

The present investigation was carried out to assess the erythrocytic oxidative stress indices such as lipid peroxides level and activities of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase and catalase, and some hematological parameters after treatment of subclinically ketotic lactating cows with antioxidants, vitamin E and selenium, incorporated in conventional treatment regimen. The study was carried out using lactating cows reared in small dairy herds in and around Bhubaneswar. Out of 250 urine samples examined, 42 cows were diagnosed positive for subclinical ketosis with an overall incidence of 16.8%. Blood samples were collected on day 0 (before treatment) and treatment was initiated on day 1 and the second sampling was carried out on day 7. The hematological parameters improved significantly following treatment as compared to pre-treatment level (day 0). A significant (P < 0.05) improvement was observed on day 7 with respect to hemoglobin level (8.66 ± 0.23 vs. 9.12 ± 0.14 gm/dl) and packed cell volume (29.7 ± 0.56 vs. 31.1 ± 0.50%) in the group given routine treatment along with antioxidants. The comparison of mean lipid peroxides level before (day 0) and after treatment (day 7) revealed a significant difference in group I (routine treatment, P < 0.05) and group II (routine treatment plus antioxidants, P < 0.01). The maximum reduction in SOD activity was recorded in group II animals after treatment with conventional regimes along with supplemented antioxidants (1.29 ± 0.08 against 1.89 ± 0.15 units/ mg of Hb, P < 0.01). The mean value of SOD activity recorded in group III animals kept as non-treated positive control (PC) on day 7 (2.59 ± 0.14 units/mg of Hb) was significantly (P < 0.05) higher than the mean level recorded on day 0 (1.91 ± 0.31 units/mg of Hb). An almost similar trend was observed in erythrocytic catalase activity where there was a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in catalase activity in the group II (RT+A) but there was no significant increase in catalase activity in non-treated positive control (PC) animals.  相似文献   

Activin receptor type IIB in rohu (Labeo rohita): molecular characterization,tissue distribution and immunohistochemical localization during different stages of gonadal maturation     

Patnaik  Siddhi  Sahoo  Lakshman  Mohanty  Mausumee  Bit  Amrita  Meher  Prem Kumar  Das  Sachidananda  Jayasankar  Pallipuram  Saha  Jatindra Nath  Das  Paramananda 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》2021,47(5):1353-1367

Fish Physiology and Biochemistry - Activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB) is a transmembrane serine/threonine kinase receptor which plays a pivotal role in regulating the reproduction in vertebrates...  相似文献   

Distribution analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms related to feet and legs and their association with lameness in Vrindavani cattle     

Prakash  Chandra  Gaur  Gyanendra Kumar  D R  Pruthviraj  Sahoo  Nihar Ranjan 《Tropical animal health and production》2020,52(2):851-858

Tropical Animal Health and Production - Lameness is one of the most serious economic problems in dairy animals. The present study was undertaken to identify the SNPs associated with lameness in...  相似文献   

Effect of complete feed block with tree leaves rich in hydrolysable and condensed tannins on nutrient utilization,rumen fermentation and growth performance of lambs     

Ganesh N. Aderao  Artabandhu Sahoo  Pankaj Kumar Kumawat  Randhir Singh Bhatt 《Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition》2020,104(1):101-108

Thirty lambs (Avishaan genotype, 10 weeks old, 14.0 ± 0.2 kg live weight) were randomly assigned into three equal treatment groups to study the effect of complete feed blocks (CFB; concentrate and roughage at 70:30 ratio) with three different tanniniferous tree leaves on intake and utilization of nutrients, rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis and growth performance. The treatments were T1 (Control), CFB1 with Vigna sinensis hay; T2, CFB2 with Acacia nilotica leaves rich in hydrolysable tannins (HT); and T3, CFB3 with Ziziphus nummularia leaves rich in condensed tannins (CT). The three CFBs were fed ad libitum to the respective groups of lambs for a period of 12 weeks. There was lower (p < .05) intake of dry matter (DM), total carbohydrates (TCHO) and fibre components in T2 compared with T1 and T3. However, the digestibility of nutrients except crude protein (CP) was higher in T2. Diet had no effect (p > .05) on the LW gain in lambs. Amongst the three groups, T3 showed enhanced N utilization with a comparable microbial protein synthesis, the lowest being in T2. The T2 group of lambs had higher propionate and lower non-glucogenic: glucogenic short-chain fatty acids ratio. It may be concluded that tanniniferous tree leaves at 30% of total mixed ration can meet the requirement of nutrients for desired post-weaning growth.  相似文献   

An improved protocol for efficient transformation and regeneration of diverse indica rice cultivars     

Sahoo KK  Tripathi AK  Pareek A  Sopory SK  Singla-Pareek SL 《Plant methods》2011,7(1):49

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An improved protocol for efficient transformation and regeneration of diverse indica rice cultivars     

Khirod K Sahoo  Amit K Tripathi  Ashwani Pareek  Sudhir K Sopory  Sneh L Singla-Pareek 《Plant methods》2011,7(1):1-11

Background

Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crop of economic and nutritious importance in many parts of the world. The lack of genomic resources have impeded the advancement of common bean genomics and thereby crop improvement. Although concerted efforts from the "Phaseomics" consortium have resulted in the development of several genomic resources, functional studies have continued to lag due to the recalcitrance of this crop for genetic transformation.

Results

Here we describe the use of a bean pod mottle virus (BPMV)-based vector for silencing of endogenous genes in common bean as well as for protein expression. This BPMV-based vector was originally developed for use in soybean. It has been successfully employed for both protein expression and gene silencing in this species. We tested this vector for applications in common bean by targeting common bean genes encoding nodulin 22 and stearoyl-acyl carrier protein desaturase for silencing. Our results indicate that the BPMV vector can indeed be employed for reverse genetics studies of diverse biological processes in common bean. We also used the BPMV-based vector for expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) in common bean and demonstrate stable GFP expression in all common bean tissues where BPMV was detected.

Conclusions

The availability of this vector is an important advance for the common bean research community not only because it provides a rapid means for functional studies in common bean, but also because it does so without generating genetically modified plants. Here we describe the detailed methodology and provide essential guidelines for the use of this vector for both gene silencing and protein expression in common bean. The entire VIGS procedure can be completed in 4-5 weeks.  相似文献   

Tagging: on the use of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags for the identification of fish   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

K Das Mahapatra  B Gjerde  P V G K Reddy  M Sahoo  R K Jana  J N Saha  & M Rye 《Aquaculture Research》2001,32(1):47-50

To determine the efficacy of passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags for marking rohu Labeo rohita (Ham.) in the selective breeding programme, a series of experiments has been carried out at the Central Institute of Freshwater Aquaculture (CIFA) under the Indo–Norwegian project of ‘Selective breeding of rohu’. Six groups of rohu fingerlings with weight ranging from 2 g to 20 g were tagged with PIT tags to determine a suitable size range for tagging. Fingerlings weighing 8–15 g were found to be quite suitable for tagging with a PIT tag. Recovery of the PIT tag depends upon the survival of tagged fish under field conditions. Rejection of the PIT tag by rohu was observed to be only 0.05%. Through effective management practice, the survival of tagged fish increased up to 95%, and thus tag loss was minimized.  相似文献   

Induced spawning of Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.): effect of various latency periods and SGnRHa and domperidone doses on spawning performance and egg quality     

Sangram Ketan Sahoo  Shibe Shankar Giri  & Asok Kumar Sahu 《Aquaculture Research》2005,36(13):1273-1278

An experiment was conducted to induce ovulation in Asian catfish, Clarias batrachus, by a single injection of SGnRHa (d ‐Arg⁶, Trp⁷, Leu⁸, Pro⁹, Net) in combination with domperidone. The effects of latency periods, 11, 14, 17, 20 and 23 h, and doses of inducing agent, 10 μg SGnRHa+5 mg domperidone, 20 μg SGnRHa+10 mg domperidone, 30 μg SGnRHa+15 mg domperidone and 40 μg SGnRHa+20 mg domperidone kg^?1 body weight, were studied on the total egg output, stripping response, fertilization, hatching and normal larval production. The highest (P<0.05) number of eggs were stripped at 23 h of post injection of 20 μg SGnRHa+10 mg domperidone kg^?1 female body weight. The highest (P<0.05) stripping response was observed when the females were stripped at 20 and 23 h latency, at all dose levels of the inducing agent. The eggs stripped at 11 h latency did not fertilize, and hence did not hatch irrespective of administration of any dose levels of the inducing agent. The fertilization and hatching per cent of eggs had significantly increased (P<0.05) with increase in latency period to 14–23 h at a dose of 20 μg SGnRHa+10 mg domperidone. The latency period of 14–17 h, and dose of 20 μg SGnRHa+10 mg domperidone and 30 μg SGnRHa+15 mg domperidone kg^?1 of female, was found to be suitable to obtain best spawning performance, and good‐quality egg and larval production in C. batrachus.  相似文献   

Persistence of chlorpyrifos residues in potatoes and the effect of processing     

A. K. Dikshit  S. S. Misra  Lakshman Lal 《Potato Research》1985,28(4):461-467

Summary Chlorpyrifos was sprayed on the ridges and foliage of potato plants at 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 kg a.i./ha 21 days after planting (single spray) and repeated 21 days after the first spray (double spray) to control cutworms (Agrotis sp.). In unprocessed (i.e. not washed, boiled or peeled) potatoes, the residues persisted above the permitted level of 0.10 ppm on several sampling dates. Residues decreased with the time interval between spraying and sampling. Processing potatoes (i.e. washing, boiling followed by peeling) removed the toxicant to a considerable extent. Storing potatoes from chlorpyrifos-treated plots in country stores for 30 days after normal harvest reduced residues to below the detectable level irrespective of the application rate.

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Zusammenfassung Feldversuche mit sieben Behandlungen in vier Wiederholungen mit randomisierter Blockanlage wurden w?hrend des Herbstes 1979–80 und 1980–81 in der zentralen Kartoffelforschungsstation in Jalandhar (Punjab, Indien) durchgeführt, um die Rückst?nde des Insektizids Chlorpyrifos in Kartoffelknollen zu bestimmen. Chlorpyrifos wird eine Wirkung gegen Erdraupen (‘cutworms’),Agrotis sp., zugeschrieben. Es wurde auf Reihen und Kraut mit 0,4, 0,5 und 0,6 kg aktiver Substanz pro Hektar, einmal 21 Tage nach dem Pflanzen (Einfachspritzung) und dann 21 Tage sp?ter (Doppelspritzung) ausgebracht. Die Rückst?nde in den Kartoffelknollen wurden anhand der kolorimetrischen Methode von Getz & Watt (1964) bestimmt. In unverarbeiteten Kartoffeln (d.h. nicht gewaschen, gekocht oder gesch?lt) verblieben Rückst?nde oberhalb der erlaubten Grenze von 0,10 ppm bei zahlreichen Terminen der Probenahme. Die Mengen nahmen mit der Zeit zwischen Spritzen und Probenahme ab. Kartoffelverarbeitung (d.h. Waschen, Kochen mit anschliessendem Sch?len) hatte starke Reduzierung des Giftstoffes zur Folge. 30-t?gige Lagerung in l?ndlichen Lagern nach normaler Ernte reduzierte die Rückst?nde unter die Erfassungsgrenze, in beiden Jahren und bei allen Dosierungen. Die detaillierten Daten für die Rückst?nde werden in den Tabellen 1 und 2 gezeigt.

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Résumé Des essais de plein champ comprenant 7 traitements à 4 répétitions dans un dispositif à blocs randomisés ont été réalisés sur la Station de recherche de la pomme de terre à Jalandhar (Punjab) en Inde au cours des automnes 1979–80 et 1980–81, afin de déterminer les teneurs en résidus de l'insecticide chlorpyrifos dans les tubercules de pommes de terre. Le chlorpyrifos est un produit efficace contre les larves d'Agrotis sp. Il fut appliqué sur buttes et sur feuillage à la dose de 0,4, 0,5 et 0,6 kg de matière active à l'hectare, 21 jours après la plantation (une seule application), ou encore 21 jours après (en double application) puis les résidus dans les tubercules furent déterminés par la méthode colorimétrique de Getz et Watt (1964). Dans les tubercules non transformés (c'est-à-dire sans lavage, sans cuisson ou pelage) les teneurs en résidus étaient au dessus du seuil de tolérance de 0,10 ppm dans plusieurs échantillons. Les pommes de terre transformées (après lavage, cuisson et pelage) avaient beaucoup moins de résidus. La conservation dans les batiments de stockage de pays, pendant 30 jours après une récolte normale, a permis de réduire les teneurs en dessous du seuil décelable au cours des 2 années, quelle que soit la dose testée. Les teneurs en résidus sont détaillées dans les tableaux 1 et 2.

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