Identification of water-stressed area based on the interrelationship of soil moisture and seasonal rice cultivation     

Sahoo  Satiprasad  Dhar  Anirban  Debsarkar  Anupam  Kar  Amlanjyoti  Kayet  Narayan 《Paddy and Water Environment》2020,18(1):193-209

Paddy and Water Environment - The present study identifies water-stressed areas based on linkages between NOAH model-based soil moisture and seasonal paddy rice cultivation in the...  相似文献   

Sorption and desorption studies of Cs and Sr in contaminated soil samples around Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant     

Kasar  Sharayu  Mishra  Suchismita  Omori  Yasutaka  Sahoo  Sarata Kumar  Kavasi  Norbert  Arae  Hideki  Sorimachi  Atsuyuki  Aono  Tatsuo 《Journal of Soils and Sediments》2020,20(1):392-403

Journal of Soils and Sediments - Huge amounts of radiocesium, radiostrontium, and fission products were released into the atmosphere during the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP)...  相似文献   

Assessing the extent and causes of forest degradation in India: Where do we stand?     

Priya Davidar  Sasmita Sahoo  Pratheesh C. Mammen  Prashanth Acharya  Jean-Philippe Puyravaud  M. Arjunan 《Biological conservation》2010,143(12):2937-2944

In India, conservation of biodiversity goes hand in hand with human welfare, as millions of people live adjacent or within protected areas and depend upon forests products. The high density and biomass requirements of these households could result in the degradation of forests and loss of biodiversity. We assessed the collection of forest products among households in five sites in the Western and Eastern Ghats of peninsular India: the Kogar region of the Central Western Ghats, the Bandipur and Sigur regions of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve of the southern Western Ghats and Similipal Tiger Reserve of the northern Eastern Ghats, and tested whether extraction pressure on forests was associated with the proportion of agricultural households, wage labour and population density. We also examined whether data on loss of cover as stated by the State of the Forest Reports was supported by field data. The regions differed in land use: Kogar, KMTR and Similipal were primarily agricultural regions, whereas households engaged in wage labour or in running small businesses were predominant in Sigur and Bandipur. Fuel-wood was collected ubiquitously for household use in all sites, used mainly for domestic requirements and secondarily for generating income. Green leaves for making fertilizer and fodder were collected for household use and did not enter the market. Cattle manure for the global organic coffee industry was a major forest product in Bandipur and Sigur. Extraction pressure on forests was positively associated with the availability of wage labour and was negatively with the proportion of agricultural households. Data from official sources seem inadequate to measure forest degradation in protected forests. Accurate estimation of forest condition through field assessments and remote sensing, and understanding the socio-economic variables associated with forest loss and degradation are needed for the sustainable management of Indian protected areas.  相似文献   

Effect of overexpressing rsmA from Pseudomonas aeruginosa on virulence of select phytotoxin-producing strains of P. syringae     

Kong HS  Roberts DP  Patterson CD  Kuehne SA  Heeb S  Lakshman DK  Lydon J 《Phytopathology》2012,102(6):575-587

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Fertigation techniques for use with multiple hydrozones in simultaneous operation   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Robert W. Coates  Pramod K. Sahoo  Lawrence J. Schwankl  Michael J. Delwiche 《Precision Agriculture》2012,13(2):219-235

Site-specific delivery of fertilizer is a useful tool to address differences in crop need. Modern systems with wirelessly networked sensors and valves allow multiple hydrozones to be created more easily than traditional wired systems. This allows irrigation and fertigation rates to be varied across small portions of a field. However, fertigation to multiple hydrozones with different fertilizer requirements may be complex if each zone cannot be fertigated in an independent set. Instead, it might be necessary to operate several fertigation zones simultaneously. This raises a concern over the ability to deliver fertilizer uniformly within each zone. Four fertigation strategies were tested. The conventional method was to fertigate multiple hydrozones at different times. Three site-specific strategies were considered, involving overlapping fertigation phases in multiple hydrozones. Fertilizer distribution uniformity tests were conducted with a 64-emitter drip line to determine which strategy gave the most uniform distribution of fertilizer within a hydrozone. All fertigation techniques performed well, with fertilizer distribution uniformities between 0.88 and 0.96. Selection of the optimum site-specific fertigation strategy will depend on crop needs, scheduling limitations, and system design parameters such as emitter type, fluid travel time, and slope. Similar to conventional fertigation, the main factor in fertilizer distribution uniformity for this study was drip emitter variability. In the presence of sloped terrain, the site-specific control strategy that involved a delay between fertilizer injection and flushing had the least uniform fertilizer application.  相似文献   

Feasibility and sizing of unlined on-farm pond for partial rice substitution in rainfed uplands of eastern India     

Bharat C. Sahoo  Sudhindra N. Panda 《Paddy and Water Environment》2016,14(3):403-415

Rice (Oryza sativa L.)-dominated rainfed uplands of eastern India are facing two major problems such as lack of irrigation water sources and low productivity. In fact, unlined on-farm pond (OFP) technology in this terrain could prove to be an effective agricultural drought mitigation measure for monsoon crops but failed to ensure supplemental irrigation (SI) to the next winter crops. Consequently, the OFP technology could not pick up in the region. In order to overcome the shortcomings in the technology, the location of the OFP has been changed and a new concept of partial rice substitution (PRS) has been introduced in the present study to provide SI for the second crop in winter. Maize (Zea mays L.) and rice crops at upper and lower compartments of the field, respectively, were tried at various crop substitution ratios (CSR) of 70:30, 60:40, 50:50, 40:60, and 30:70 during monsoon season. Rainfall excess from both the compartments was harvested in an unlined OFP located in between the compartments and used for providing SI. In winter, black gram (Vigna mungo L.) and mustard (Brassica campestris) were taken in the upper and lower compartments, respectively, based on availability of water in the OFP. Water balance models were used to simulate the soil moisture in crop root zone as well as storage of water in the OFP. The optimal size of such unlined OFP for average land holdings (1200 m²) in rainfed uplands and under 60:40 CSR was found to be occupying 6 % area of the crop field.  相似文献   

Interactions between Azotobacter,Pseudomonas and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi on Two Varieties of Sesamum indicum L.     

S. J. Sabannavar  H. C. Lakshman 《Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science》2008,194(6):470-478

Earthen pot experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with three replications to evaluate the effects of sesame varieties, DS 1 and E 8 on a single inoculation of Glomus fasciculatum (Thax. sensu Gerd.) Gerd. and Trappe and Acaulospora laevis Gerd. & Trappe respectively, dual inoculation of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with Azotobacter chroococcum (Ac) or Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf) and a triple inoculation of AMF, A. chroococcum and P.  fluorescens. The results revealed that inoculation of AMF + Ac + Pf to DS 1 and E 8 varieties stimulated increased AMF colonization, plant growth, i.e. shoot, root length, fresh and dry weight of shoot and root, phosphorus uptake and number of capsules significantly over the dual and single inoculation treatments. The association of bacteria and AMF provides evidence that bacteria are involved in the beneficial effects to AMF on sesame varieties.  相似文献   

Clinical white spot disease status in Penaeus monodon during the middle of the culture period – its epidemiological significance     

A K Sahoo  C V Mohan  K M Shankar  F Corsin  J F Turnbull  P C Thakur  N V Hao  K L Morgan  A P Padiyar 《Journal of fish diseases》2010,33(7):609-615

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Effect of lactobacillus supplementation on growth and nutrient utilization in mongrel pups.     

K Pasupathy  A Sahoo  N N Pathak 《Archives of Animal Nutrition》2001,55(3):243-253

Effect of lactobacillus supplementation was studied in eight Mongrel pups of about 10 weeks of age with a mean body weight of 5.2 kg divided into two equal groups, control (group C) and a probiotic supplemented group (group L). Both groups received the same feed (biscuit) which was for group L supplemented with 2 x 10(7) cfu of a Lactobacillus acidophilus strain. The feeding trial lasted 13 weeks and included a digestibility trial of six day during which feed and faeces were collected to assess intake and digestibility of nutrients. Growth was recorded as weekly live weight change and the physical, chemical and microbiological characteristics of stool were examined periodically to assess the effect of lactobacillus on intestinal health. The biscuits contained 89% DM, 32.6% CP, 5.8% ash and 12.7% EE with TDN, GE and ME content of 890 g, 19.6 MJ and 14.6 MJ per kg DM, respectively. The DM, OM, CP and GE digestibilities were between 76% to 79% and the EE digestibility was 93%. The CF digestibility was negligible (22%). There were no significant differences between the two groups. There was an appetite stimulation and a relatively higher DM intake (10 to 15%) which induced higher daily gain, 102 g in group L vs. 92 g in group C up to 19 weeks of age, the difference declined thereafter. The average daily gain during the whole period was 74.5 +/- 8.0 g and 81.6 +/- 6.0 g in group C and L, respectively, and the difference was statistically non-significant (P > 0.05). The stools showed similar physical properties and composition with acidic pH in both groups. Lactobacillus supplementation caused a competitive establishment in the gastrointestinal tract of pups. It can be concluded that lactobacillus supplementation shows a positive effect during active growth phase (up to 4.5 months of age), which became insignificant in the later period of life.  相似文献   

Expression of immune-related genes in rohu Labeo rohita (Hamilton) by experimental freshwater lice Argulus siamensis (Wilson) infection     

Saurabh S  Mohanty BR  Sahoo PK 《Veterinary parasitology》2011,175(1-2):119-128

The crustacean ectoparasite, Argulus poses one of the major threats to carp culture due to absence of any suitable control measure. The study was undertaken to determine the expression of immune-related genes in three major immunocompetent organs viz., kidney, skin and liver of rohu (Labeo rohita) during experimental freshwater lice Argulus siamensis infection. Results showed that the expression of TLR 22-like, lysozyme G and β2-microglobulin genes in kidney was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) down-regulated in lice-infected fish. On the other hand, no significant difference (P>0.05) in CXCa, lysozyme C, TNFα and complement component 3 (C3) expression was found between uninfected control and different degrees of lice infected fish. In the skin, the expression of TLR 22-like and TNFα genes were significantly up-regulated whereas that of C3 was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) down-regulated in lice-infected fish with respect to control fish. The expression of CXCa, lysozyme C and transferrin was not detected in the skin samples of fish. In the liver, the expression of CXCa, lysozyme G, β2-microglobulin and transferrin was significantly (P≤0.05) up-regulated in lice-infected fish with respect to control fish whereas expression of C3 was significantly (P ≤ 0.05) down-regulated in lice-infected fish. The expression of TLR 22-like, lysozyme C, TNFα genes was not detected in the liver samples of fish. This study indicates that majority of the genes showed down-regulation in kidney tissue whereas up-regulation in liver and skin tissues except C3 in Argulus-infected fish. We show that infection with this parasite irrespective of intensity can also result in immune gene expression changes in tissues situated away from the site of parasite attachment and feeding. The information obtained here could be useful towards understanding the susceptibility of rohu to argulosis and mechanisms involved in protection of rohu to ectoparasitic infections, which is causing immense economic losses to freshwater aquaculture sector.  相似文献