Characterization of lunasin isolated from soybean     

Jeong HJ  Park JH  Lam Y  de Lumen BO 《Journal of agricultural and food chemistry》2003,51(27):7901-7906

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Stochastic analysis of acid shocks generated by mixed hydrological processes     

A. G. Bobba  D. C. L. Lam  W. G. Booty  D. S. Jefries  R. L. THOMAS 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1990,53(3-4):239-250

High H⁺ concentration of stream flow events were analyzed in terms of the probability of magnitude, frequency, duration, and time of occurrence. Simple methods of representing the timing and duration of high H⁺ concentration flows as stochastic variables are presented. Existing stochastic models are applied to the probability distributions of the annual frequency of high H' ion concentration flows and their magnitudes. A consideration of the statistical properties of the above stochastic variables leads to the development of a technique with which higher H⁺ concentration flow events exceeding any higher level of interest may be investigated without resorting to re-analysis of the historical data. The proposed methodology was applied to the daily H⁺ concentration flow records of two watersheds located in diverse hydrological and geochemical environments in Canada.  相似文献   

Osmoregulation in the mudskipper,Boleophthalmus boddaerti II. transepithelial potential and hormonal control     

C.G.L. Lee  W.P. Low  T.J. Lam  A.D. Munro  Y.K. Ip 《Fish physiology and biochemistry》1991,9(1):69-75

Boleophthalmus boddaerti submerged in 10%, 50% and 80% seawater (sw) for 7 days, had whole body transepithelial potentials (TEP) of 3.3, 18.3 and 22.9 mV, respectively. Hypophysectomy significantly decreased the TEP ofB. boddaerti and reversed the polarity of the TEP of the fish exposed to 10% sw.Hypophysectomy also significantly decreased the branchial Na⁺-K⁺ activated adenosine triphosphatase (Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase) activity but increased the activity of branchial HCO₃ ^–-Cl^– stimulated adenosine triphosphatase (HCO₃ ^–,Cl^–-ATPase) inB. boddaerti exposed to 10% sw. However, survival in 10% sw was not significantly impaired by hypophysectomy and no significant change in plasma osmolality and plasma Na⁺ and Cl^– concentrations was observed.Various doses of ovine-prolactin or salmon-prolactin were unable to restore the TEP of hypophysectomizedB. boddaerti in 10% sw to that of the sham-operated fish. However, cortisol increased TEP to a positive value in hypophysectomizedB. boddaerti, though it was still lower than the sham-operated control. Cortisol treatment also affected the plasma osmolality, plasma Na⁺ and Cl^– contents and branchial Na⁺,K⁺-ATPase and HCO₃ ^–,Cl^–-ATPase activities. Overall, the hormonal control of osmoregulation inB. boddaerti appeared to differ from that of other teleosts.  相似文献   

Effect of thyroxine on growth and development in post-yolk-sac larvae of milkfish, Chanos chanos     

T.J. Lam  J.V. Juario  J. Banno 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1985,46(3):179-184

Post-yolk-sac larvae of milkfish, Chanos chanos (commonly referred to as “fry”) were collected along the shore in the Philippines. Treatment of these long, slender and transparent larvae with L-thyroxine-sodium (Eltroxin, Glaxo) by immersion in 0.5 ppm solution (changed daily) markedly accelerated their growth and development. By day 15 of the treatment, the treated larvae had become silvery, opaque and adult-like in form, whereas the control larvae were still slender and transparent (or at best translucent) with incomplete silvering of the body. 0.1 ppm thyroxine was less effective. Discontinuation of the treatment after 8 days was also less effective as judged by the appearance and weight of the larvae on day 15.  相似文献   

Passive transfer of protective immunity against ichthyophthiriasis from vaccinated mother to fry in tilapias, Oreochromis aureus     

Y.M. Sin  K.H. Ling  T.J. Lam 《Aquaculture (Amsterdam, Netherlands)》1994,120(3-4):229-237

Tilapias, Oreochromis aureus, were vaccinated twice with live tomites of Ichthyophthirius multifiliis in physiological saline 1 month before spawning (test group). A control group was similarly treated but with physiological saline only. Fertilized eggs were collected from the mouths of both groups and incubated until the young reached the free-swimming stage. Free-swimming fry were also collected immediately after they were expelled from the mother's mouth in other fish of the two groups. The fry were exposed to infective tomites of I. multifiliis and thereafter returned to their holding tanks. All fry obtained from the controls without mouth-brooding died after tomite exposure. However, fry with mouth-brooding before tomite exposure showed 37.3% survival. On the other hand, fry obtained from vaccinated broodstock without mouth-brooding exhibited 78.4% survival which increased to 95.3% with mouth-brooding. The protective immunity is correlated with the titres of anti-I. multifiliis antibodies in the soluble extracts of fry tissues and the mother's plasma. The results clearly indicate that protective immunity against ichthyophthiriasis “ich” in tilapia fry can not only be derived directly from the mother via eggs but also be acquired indirectly from the mouth cavity during the brooding period. The results thus suggest that proper vaccination of mothers before spawning would effectively protect fry against a protozoan disease.  相似文献   

Schisandrin B protects against solar irradiation-induced oxidative stress in rat skin tissue     

Lam PY  Yan CW  Chiu PY  Leung HY  Ko KM 《Fitoterapia》2011,82(3):393-400

Schisandrin B (Sch B) and schisandrin C (Sch C), but not schisandrin A and dimethyl diphenyl bicarboxylate, protected rat skin tissue against solar irradiation-induced oxidative injury, as evidenced by a reversal of solar irradiation-induced changes in cellular reduced glutathione and α-tocopherol levels, as well as antioxidant enzyme activities and malondialdehyde production. The cytochrome P-450-mediated metabolism of Sch B or Sch C caused ROS production in rat skin microsomes. Taken together, Sch B or Sch C, by virtue of its pro-oxidant action and the subsequent eliciting of a glutathione antioxidant response, may prevent photo-aging of skin.  相似文献   

Three-dimensional finite element analysis of the Japanese traditional post-and-beam connection     

Jung-Pyo Hong  J. David Barrett  Frank Lam 《Journal of Wood Science》2011,57(2):119-125

A three-dimensional finite solid element model for Japanese traditional post-and-beam connections was developed using the wood foundation method, which employed the concept of a beam on a nonlinear foundation. The wood foundation in the model was a three-dimensionally prescribed zone surrounding a nail shank in order to address the intricate wood crushing behavior induced by nail slip. Material models for the wood members and the foundation were developed based on the transversely isotropic plasticity from the software package ANSYS. The Japanese post-and-beam connection modeled was a ten-nail multiple connection with a mortise and tenon joint and is called the CPT (Corner Plate, T-shaped) connection. Details of the model development are presented. As a feasibility study, blind predictions of the model were compared with available connection test data and showed good results for predicting the progress of the load-deformation relations in three dimensions. However, the limitation of the model was found in simulating fracture failures such as wood splitting or nail tear-out from the wood. Model applications and the need for model improvement are discussed.  相似文献   

Modeling organic and inorganic acidity in two Nova Scotia rivers     

D. C. L. Lam  A. G. Bobba  R. A. Bourbonniere  G. D. Howell  M. E. Thompson 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1989,46(1-4):277-287

A watershed acidification model is modified to include organic acids and applied to the colored Moose Pit Brook and Mersey River in Nova Scotia. Comparison with 1983–1985 data confirmed the capability of the model to explain the different levels of organic and inorganic acidity exhibited in these two rivers. Based on the charge balance approach and a triprotic organic acid model, the charge density was found to be about 4 μeq organic anions per mg C of dissolved organic C for these two rivers.  相似文献   

The practice of leaching boron and soluble salts from fly ash-amended soils     

H. T. Phung  H. V. Lam  A. L. Page  L. J. Lund 《Water, air, and soil pollution》1979,12(2):247-254

The leachability of B and salts from two fly ash-amended soils was conducted in a column leaching experiment. Fly ash was applied to the surface 3 cm of a Baywood (acid) sand and an Arizo (calcareous) sandy, loam at 5% by weight; the columns were continously leached with Colorado River water at two different pH's. Boron from fly ash was solubilized more readily in the Baywood than in the Arizo soil. Addition of fly ash increased B levels in the leachates from 0.25 to 2.35 μg ml^?1 (Baywood) and 0.93 μg ml^?1 (Arizo). Acidified leaching water had no significant effect on B leaching patterns but resulted in leaching higher soluble salts. Approximately 348 and 161 cm of water for the Arizo and the Baywood soils respectively, would be required to reduce the B concentration below a critical limit for B sensitive crops. It is suggested that crops planted when fly ash is applied for disposal/recycling on land should be both salt and B tolerant.  相似文献   

Curative effect of topical treatment of digital dermatitis with a gel containing activated copper and zinc chelate     

Holzhauer M  Bartels CJ  van Barneveld M  Vulders C  Lam T 《The Veterinary record》2011,169(21):555

The efficacy of two topical treatments for painful ulcerative stage (M2) of bovine digital dermatitis (BDD) lesions was compared in a clinical trial conducted on five dairy farms in 2009 to 2010. The first treatment was a water-based gel with active components copper and zinc (Intra Hoof-fit gel [IHF]) and the second treatment was a topical chlortetracycline spray (CTC spray). The experimental unit for this study was the hindleg with the presence of a BDD lesion. Cure was defined as the transition of an M2 lesion into a healed (M0) or a non-painful chronic stage (M4) of BDD at D28. On day 0, cows with M2 BDD lesions were photographed and were treated with either IHF or CTC. Subsequently, feet were photographed and scored on D28. The cure rate of M2 BDD lesions treated with IHF at D28 was 0.92 (CI 0.84 to 0.96) and was significantly better than for M2 BDD lesions treated with CTC, which was 0.58 (CI 0.47 to 0.68).  相似文献