Sterile insect technique (SIT) in the near east — a transboundary bridge for development and peace     

Y. Rossler  E. Ravins  P. J. Gomes 《Crop Protection》2000,19(8-10):733-738

Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wied.), is a major pest of fruits and vegetables throughout the region, reduces yield of marketable fruit and limits exports. The Arava Medfly Eradication Project (AMEP) was initiated in 1997, and serves as a pilot effort to begin implementing the sterile insect technique in the Near East. It could become a model for future implementation of the proposed EASTMED project, a plan conceived and planned by the International Atomic Energy Agency in 1994–1995 with input of regional experts. The target area lies in the Arava Valley between the Dead Sea and the Red Sea. AMEP activities include host mapping, population monitoring and suppression followed by weekly releases of sterile flies. This project will lead to permanent establishment and maintenance of Medfly free areas. In addition, new technologies are being tested under local conditions. This includes use of tsl male-only strains of medflies, aerial releases with a chilled insect release machine, female attractants and new trap designs. At present, the project relies upon long-distance shipping of pupae from Madeira, Portugal and Guatemala rather than local sources. The medfly population on the Israeli side of the Arava valley, was monitored in 132 trimedlure loaded traps. It dropped by July 1999 to 0.04 flies per trap per day from the pre-eradication level of 0.71 flies per trap per day in July 1998. In June 1999, only 19% of the traps captured wild flies as compared to 40% of the traps in June 1997. As medfly does not respect international boundaries, transboundary co-operation is a key factor for successful implementation. Current project status and plans for future expansion within Israel, Jordan and the Palestinian Authority will be presented.  相似文献   

Density and Organic Matter Influence on Egg‐laying and Hatching of Branchiura sowerbyi (Oligochaeta)     

Karine Cristiane Rech  Renata Maria Guereschi  Alex Pires de Oliveira Nuñer  Sarah Carvalho Sticca 《Journal of the World Aquaculture Society》2013,44(2):267-272

This study aimed to assess the combined effects of density of adults of Branchiura sowerbyi and the source of organic matter on the production of eggs and young species. The experimental units used were 250‐mL beakers with 100 mL of fine sand (0.074–0.210 mm) and 150 mL of chlorine‐free water with constant aeration at the temperature 25 C. The experiment was conducted based on a two‐factor model with six treatments and three repetitions, applied in a completely random design. The densities 5 individuals/38.5cm² (D5; 1298/m²) and 8 individuals/38.5cm² (D8; 2078/m²) were assessed with commercial fish feed (FF), commercial poultry feed (PF), and turkey manure (TM) as sources of organic matter. A total of 1223 cocoons and 2138 eggs were produced, with average hatching of 40.0 ± 15.1%. The highest number of cocoons and eggs was found with the use of PF, D8 having produced the highest number of cocoons and eggs. The hatching rate was not influenced by the source of organic matter or density and no influence was registered from the density of adults on the survival. The PF provided the highest growth of adults, and generally the use of TM provided the worst performance.  相似文献   

Constituents of Bowdichia virgilioides     

Arriaga AM  Gomes GA  Braz-Filho R 《Fitoterapia》2000,71(2):211-212

The isolation and (13)C-NMR data of flavone derivatives from Bowdichia virgilioides roots are reported.  相似文献   

Modelling cork oak production in Portugal   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

M. C. Ferreira  A. M. Carvalho Oliveira 《Agroforestry Systems》1991,16(1):41-54

The layout of 32 permanent plots in the most important cork production regions of Portugal and the measurement of the most representative tree parameters were performed for statistically sound cork weight modelling. The establishment of cork weight equations is presented for the different cork oak study areas considered alone or grouped according to the most representative tree parameters. For the presented cork weight models was chosen independent variable the total stripping surface (artmax). For the selection criteria five statistic were used, including PRESS, APRESS and Mallows's statistic. The crossvalidation of the best classified models was performed and to discuss the importance of the “study area” factor, a regression analysis with “dummy” variables was performed.  相似文献   

The effects of cell wall swelling on the permeability of grand fir wood     

W. B. Banks  J. F. Levy 《Wood Science and Technology》1980,14(1):49-62

Summary The longitudinal permeability of Abies grandis wood swollen to varying degree by water vapour sorption has been measured using a non-swelling liquid. The results obtained show that cell wall swelling causes a reversible decrease in permeability in both air dried and solvent exchange dried specimens.Direct microscopic measurements have shown that change in lumen diameter cannot explain the observed effect.Mathematical analysis of the data suggests that the permeability decrease may be due to increase in thickness of bordered pit membrane fibrils resulting from sorption of water.  相似文献   

Long-term prospective evaluation of intestinal anastomosis using stainless steel staples in 14 dogs     

Manuel Benlloch-Gonzalez  Eymeric Gomes  Bernard Bouvy  Cyrill Poncet 《The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue veterinaire canadienne》2015,56(7):715-722

This prospective clinical study evaluated the use, complications, and clinical and ultrasonographic follow-ups of end-to-end intestinal anastomoses with skin staples in naturally occurring diseases in canine small and large intestines. Intestinal anastomoses were performed in 14 dogs and pre-, peri-, and postoperative data were recorded. Postoperative clinical and ultrasound evaluations were performed at regular intervals for 1 year. The mean time taken to construct the anastomosis was 5 min. There were no intraoperative complications. Hemorrhage and colonic stricture were the main postoperative complications. Staple loss occurred in 2 cases. Absence of wall layering and focal wall thickening were observed in all cases at each ultrasonographic follow-up. Hyperechoic fat was observed in all but 1 of the cases at month 1. Nine dogs were alive with normal digestive function at the end of the study. The skin stapler technique enabled rapid construction of consistent anastomoses with inexpensive stapling material.  相似文献   

Uptake and translocation of non-ionised pesticides in the emergent aquatic plant parrot feather Myriophyllum aquaticum     

de Carvalho RF  Bromilow RH  Greenwood R 《Pest management science》2007,63(8):798-802

The uptake of four (14)C-labelled non-ionised compounds, the methyl carbamoyloxime insecticide/nematicide oxamyl and three model phenylureas, from solution by rooted stems of the aquatic plant parrot feather [Myriophyllum aquaticum (Vell.) Verdc], together with translocation to the emergent shoots, was measured over periods of 24 and 48 h. Uptake into the submerged tissues of roots and stem base could be ascribed to two processes: movement into the aqueous phase of cells and then partitioning onto the plant solids. This latter process was related to lipophilicity (as measured by the l-octanol/water partition coefficient, K(ow)) and gave rise to high uptake rates of the most lipophilic compounds. Translocation to shoots was passive and was optimal at log K(ow) approximately 1.8, at which the efficiency of translocation of compound was about 40% of that of water. This optimum log K(ow) was identical to that observed previously in barley, although the translocation efficiency was somewhat less in parrot feather. Solvation parameters were applied to model uptake and translocation of a set of ten compounds by barley with the particular objective of understanding why translocation efficiency is lower at log K(ow) > 1.8.  相似文献   

Influence of phosphorus fertilization on the response of pinus genotypes to glyphosate subdoses     

de Andrade  Thiago Cavalcante Gomes Ribeiro  Bacha  Allan Lopes  de Camargo  Mariane Bueno  de Carvalho  Leonardo Bianco 《New Forests》2022,53(1):143-160

New Forests - Previous studies have reported that phosphorus transporters are involved in glyphosate uptake by plants, so phosphorus fertilization might act as an attenuator of glyphosate effects...  相似文献   

The interspecific variation of plant traits in brassicas engenders stronger aphid suppression than the intraspecific variation of single plant trait     

Silva  Jos&#; Hiago C.  Saldanha  Alan V.  Carvalho  Rayana M. R.  Machado  Carolina F. M.  Flausino  Bruno F.  Antonio  Adilson C.  Gontijo  Lessando M. 《Journal of pest science》2022,95(2):723-734

Journal of Pest Science - Increasing either inter- or intraspecific plant diversity has shown the potential to engender bottom-up and top-down effects upon herbivorous pests. Nonetheless, because...  相似文献   

Litter production and nutrient deposition from native woody species in the Brazilian semi-arid region     

Primo  Anacláudia Alves  Araújo  Maria Diana Melo  Silva  Karla da Fonseca  Silva  Ludmyla Araújo  Pereira  Graziella de Andrade Carvalho  Fernandes  Francisco Éden Paiva  Pompeu  Roberto Cláudio Fernandes Franco  Natale  William  de Souza  Henrique Antunes 《Agroforestry Systems》2021,95(8):1459-1464

Agroforestry Systems - The use of native trees in agroecosystems is a promising way to increase litter deposition and nutrient cycling and foster the recovery of degraded areas, especially in...  相似文献