Variability in four diverse cotton (<Emphasis Type="Italic">Gossypium hirsutum</Emphasis> L.) germplasm populations     

Lori L. Hinze  Russell J. Kohel  B. Todd Campbell  Richard G. Percy 《Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution》2011,58(4):561-570

A broad range of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) germplasm resources exist with characteristics useful for improving modern cotton cultivars. However, much of this germplasm is not well utilized. The objective of this study was to evaluate agronomic and fiber traits of four germplasm populations to determine the effectiveness of pooling germplasm for generating variability to improve traits of interest. Four populations were developed with parents chosen based on (1) dwarfing genes, (2) a combination of fiber strength and length traits, (3) glandless genes, or (4) inclusion in the G. hirsutum center-of-origin, i.e. race, germplasm group. The dwarf germplasm population had smaller bolls, a smaller lint index, a smaller seed index, lower micronaire, and shorter fibers than the other three populations. There were no significant differences in lint yield, elongation, or strength among the germplasm populations. In contrast to the general lack of significant differences among populations for agronomic and fiber traits, within population variation was observed to be high. Therefore, selections could be made within the race population to raise lint yields and within the fiber population to increase fiber length. Likewise, selections within the glandless population could be made for boll size, lint index, seed index, micronaire, and strength. These results suggest that intercrossing multiple parents in complex populations generates a large amount of variability with potential uses in crop improvement.  相似文献   

Urinary biomarkers to assess exposure of cats to environmental tobacco smoke     

McNiel EA  Carmella SG  Heath LA  Bliss RL  Le KA  Hecht SS 《American journal of veterinary research》2007,68(4):349-353

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of urinary biomarkers to assess exposure of cats to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). ANIMALS: 61 healthy client-owned cats (19 from households in which smoking was reported and 42 from households in which there was no smoking). PROCEDURES: Urine samples were obtained from each cat and assayed for total nicotine (nicotine plus nicotine glucuronide) and total cotinine (cotinine plus cotinine glucuronide) content by use of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, total urinary content of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), a major metabolite of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone, was measured by use of gas chromatography with nitrosamine-selective detection. RESULTS: Cats from households in which smoking was reported had significantly higher concentrations of total nicotine (70.4 ng/mL), total cotinine (8.53 ng/mL), and total NNAL (0.0562 pmol/mL) in urine, compared with concentrations for cats that lived in households in which there was no smoking (4.89 ng/mL, 0.74 ng/mL, and 0.0182 pmol/mL, respectively). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Analysis of these data provided biochemical evidence of exposure to ETS and uptake of tobacco-specific carcinogens by cats that live in households with smokers. Biomarkers could facilitate investigation of the health effects of ETS in cats and other species.  相似文献   

Perioperative Mortality and Long‐Term Survival in 80 Dogs and 32 Cats Undergoing Excision of Thymic Epithelial Tumors          下载免费PDF全文

Mark S. Garneau  Lori Lyn Price  Stephen J. Withrow  Sarah E. Boston  Patty J. Ewing  Janet Kovak McClaran  Julius M. Liptak  John Berg 《Veterinary surgery : VS》2015,44(5):557-564

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Anesthesia for Dystocia and Anesthesia of the Equine Neonate     

Lori A. Bidwell  DVM 《Veterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice》2013

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Comparison of Yellow and Blue Sticky Cards for Detection and Monitoring Parasitoid Wasps of the Invasive Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)     

Mark Cody Holthouse  Lori R Spears  Diane G Alston 《Journal of insect science (Online)》2021,21(5)

The invasive Halyomorpha halys (Stål) is a significant agricultural and urban nuisance pest in many parts of the world. In North America, biological control of H. halys by parasitoid wasps in the families Scelionidae and Eupelmidae has shown promise. An effective technique for detection and monitoring native and exotic parasitoids is the deployment of yellow sticky cards; however, yellow cards also attract nontarget arthropods, reducing efficiency and accuracy of parasitoid screening. This study sought to identify an alternative yet effective trapping technique by comparing the number of target parasitoid wasps [Anastatus spp. Motschulsky (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae), Telenomus spp. Haliday (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), and Trissolcus spp. Ashmead (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)] and arthropod bycatch on yellow and blue sticky cards deployed in urban, orchard, and vegetable landscapes in northern Utah from late May to early October in 2019 and 2020. Yellow sticky cards captured 54–72% more target parasitoids than blue cards from June through August in all three landscape types in both years; however, a positive correlation in parasitoid capture indicated blue cards detect target parasitoids, just in fewer numbers. Both card colors detected adventive Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) in initial findings of 2019, and in expanded locations of 2020. Furthermore, blue cards captured 31–48% less Diptera and nontarget Hymenoptera than yellow cards in both years across all three landscapes, translating to reduced card processing time and impacts to beneficial insect populations. Our results suggest that blue vs yellow sticky cards offer an alternative monitoring technique to survey for H. halys parasitoids.  相似文献   

Integrating multiple techniques to identify stock boundaries of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus)          下载免费PDF全文

Brian C. Balmer  Randall S. Wells  Lori H. Schwacke  John H. Schwacke  Barbara Danielson  R. Clay George  Suzanne M. Lane  William A. Mclellan  D. Ann Pabst  Kate Sparks  Todd R. Speakman  Forrest I. Townsend  Eric S. Zolman 《水产资源保护:海洋与淡水生态系统》2014,24(4):511-521

Effects of duration of capture and sample handling on critical care blood analytes in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins     

Varela RA  Schwacke L  Fair PA  Bossart GD 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2006,229(12):1955-1961

OBJECTIVE: To determine effects of duration of capture and sample-handling procedures on blood analytes in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. ANIMALS: 154 free-ranging bottlenose dolphins of various ages and both sexes. PROCEDURES: Blood samples were drawn from each dolphin within 10 minutes of capture and before release and analyzed by use of a portable analyzer with a single-use 8-analyte disposable cartridge. Analyte values were compared according to duration between sample acquisition and analysis (time to run [TTR]) and duration between net encirclement and sample acquisition (time to bleed [TTB]). RESULTS: Neither TTB nor TTR significantly affected sodium or chloride concentration. Potassium concentration was not significantly affected by TTR, whereas the effect of TTB was significant. Glucose, total CO(2), HCO(3), Hct, and base excess of extracellular fluid values were significantly affected by TTR. Increased TTB resulted in significantly increased total CO(2), HCO(3), and base excess when TTR was kept within 10 minutes. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The effect of TTB on certain acid-base and electrolyte values was readily measured in free-ranging bottlenose dolphins, and such values may provide a reference range for those variables.  相似文献   

Evaluation of changes in architecture of the stratum internum of the hoof wall from fetal, newborn, and yearling horses     

Bidwell LA  Bowker RM 《American journal of veterinary research》2006,67(12):1947-1955

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate morphologic changes of the stratum internum of hooves from near-term fetal, newborn, and yearling horses. ANIMALS: Feet from 27 near-term equine fetuses, 19 newborn foals, and 8 yearlings. PROCEDURES: Primary epidermal laminae (PEL) of the stratum internum were examined for evidence of architectural changes. RESULTS: In near-term fetuses, the PEL had a homogeneous appearance and symmetric distribution around the hoof wall with no significant differences in PEL density between the toe and quarters. However after birth, branched laminae at the toe formed within the first few weeks, which significantly increased PEL density at the toe, compared with the quarters. In yearlings, morphology of the PEL differed from that in younger foals and the PEL density was significantly greater at the toe than the quarters. The PEL density at the toe and medial and lateral quarters was significantly different from each other, as these PEL densities appeared to have been associated with conformation. No significant differences in PEL densities between forefeet and hind feet were detected in any group. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Findings indicate that the stratum internum of the inner hoof wall undergoes several morphologic changes shortly after birth. The PEL become branched with a greater PEL density at the toe than the quarters. In an asymmetric foot, more PEL were associated with the sloping side than the steep side of the foot. Findings suggested that PEL growth may also occur by bifurcation as well as by mitosis from the coronet and that wall stress may be associated with increased PEL density.  相似文献   

Geographical differences in survival of dogs with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma treated with a CHOP based chemotherapy protocol          下载免费PDF全文

H. Wilson‐Robles  C. M. Budke  T. Miller  N. Dervisis  A. Novosad  Z. Wright  D. H. Thamm  K. Vickery  K. Burgess  M. Childress  J. Lori  C. Saba  S. Rau  M. Silver  G. Post  K. Reeds  S. Gillings  S. Schleis  T. Stein  B. Brugmann  C. DeRegis  O. Smrkovski  J. Lawrence  T. Laver 《Veterinary and comparative oncology》2017,15(4):1564-1571

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Development, application, and validation of a survey for infectious disease control practices at equine boarding facilities     

Kirby AT  Traub-Dargatz JL  Hill AE  Kogan LR  Morley PS  Heird JC 《Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association》2010,237(10):1166-1172

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